Carnegie Embryos

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Introduction

Carnegie Embryos

This page includes information about specific numbered Carnegie Collection Embryos. Collection was begun by Franklin Mall in the early 1900's and held originally in the USA Carnegie Institution. Many of these embryos have appeared in historic scientific articles and reviews, including those published in the Contributions to Embryology Series. The collection numbering also incorporated the Blechschmidt embryo collection (Carnegie Nos. 10315-10434 ) in 1972, the collection embryos have now been returned to the Blechschmidt Collection.


Listed below are embryos from the collection that have been used in a variety of studies and links to images and information available on this current site.


This page also links to an online iBook available for free download that includes images of embryos representing each Carnegie stage.


Links: Embryonic Development | Franklin Mall | George Streeter | Human Embryo Collections | Contributions to Embryology Series
Franklin Mall and George Streeter Links  
Franklin Mall Links: Franklin Mall | 1891 26 Day Human Embryo | 1905 Blood-Vessels of the Brain | 1906 Human Ossification | 1910 Manual of Human Embryology 1 | 1912 Manual of Human Embryology 2 | 1911 Mall Human Embryo Collection | 1912 Heart Development | 1915 Tubal Pregnancy | 1916 Human Magma in Normal and Pathological Development | 1917 Frequency Human Abnormalities | 1917 Human Embryo Cyclopia | 1918 Embryo Age | 1918 Appreciation | 1934 Franklin Mall biography PDF | Mall photograph | Mall painting | Mall painting | Carnegie Stages | Carnegie Embryos | Carnegie Collection | Category:Franklin Mall
  Streeter Links: George Streeter | 1905 Cranial and Spinal Nerves | 1906 Membranous Labyrinth | 1908 Peripheral Nervous System 10mm Human | 1908 Cranial Nerves 10mm Human | 1912 Nervous System | 1917 Scala Tympani Scala Vestibuli and Perioticular Cistern | 1917 Ear Cartilaginous Capsule | 1918 Otic Capsule | 1919 Filum Terminale | 1920 Presomite Embryo | 1920 Human Embryo Growth | 1921 Brain Vascular | 1938 Early Primate Stages | 1941 Macaque embryo | 1945 Stage 13-14 | 1948 Stages 15-18 | 1949 Cartilage and Bone | 1951 Stages 19-23 | Contributions to Embryology | Historic Embryology Papers | Carnegie Stages | Category:George Streeter George Linius Streeter (1873-1948)


Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline

iBook - The Carnegie Staged Embryos

The Carnegie Staged Embryos cover.jpg
  • iTunes link | iBook Store
  • Description - Imagine the excitement of seeing this incredible early period of human development for the first time. Now consider that much of our initial understanding of human development is based upon study of historic embryo collections. You can now look at these historic images of the first 8 weeks after fertilisation and explore for yourself the changes that occur in human development during this key period. This current book is designed as an atlas of the Carnegie embryo stages with some brief notes and additional information covering the first 8 weeks of development. These images are from from the beginning of last century and are one of the earliest documented series of human embryos collected for basic research and medical education on development. I hope you enjoy learning about the amazing early events that begin to make and shape us. This is the second book in a series of educational releases from UNSW Embryology.
  • Release: First Edition - Mar 12, 2012 ISBN 978-0-7334-3148-7
  • Print Length 82 Pages, 25.8 MB Language English.
  • PDF Preview version 3.87 MB (Read the associated information, this is an edited educational preview version with many features not functioning).

Stage Images

Stage 2

Carnegie Collection - Stage 2 
Serial No. Normality No. of Blastomeres Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8190 abnormal 9 160x104 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 Iron h., or G 1943 Hertig et al. (1954)
8260 in vitro 2 50x75 Bouin C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Menkin and Rock (1948)
8450 abnormal 8 100x96 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1947 Hertig et al. (1954)
8452 abnormal 12 110x93 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946 Hertig et al. (1954)
8500.1 in vitro 3 50x86 Bouin C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1947 Menkin and Rock (1948)
8630 abnormal 5 104x94 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1948 Hertig et al. (1954)
8698 normal 2 122x88 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Hertig et al. (1954)
8904 normal 12 115 Specimen lost 1951 Hertig et al. (1954)
Abbreviations
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 3

Carnegie Collection - Stage 3 
Serial No. Normality No. of Blastomeres Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8663 normal 107 103x80 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Hertig etal.(1954)[1]
8794 normal 58 108x86 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Hertig etal.(1954)[1]
Abbreviations
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 5

Carnegie Collection - Stage 5 
Serial No. Stage Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8020 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[2]
8155 5a Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[3]
8225 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945b)[4]
8004 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[2]
8171 5b Exc Alc. C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[3]
8215 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945c)[5]
9350 5b Exc Bouin ? ? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1955 Heuser (1956)[6]
4900 5c Poor p P 10 p 1925 Incomplete. Streeter (1926)[7]
7699 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hertig and Rock (1941)[8]
7700 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Hertig and Rock (1941)[8]
7771 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7950 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hertig and Rock (1944)[9]
8000 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Abnormal
8139 5c Exc. ? C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Incomplete. Marchetti (1945)[10]
8299 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8329 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8330 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8370 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946 Abnormal
8558 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1947
Stage 5 was originally subdivided into 3 sequential parts a, b, c.

Abbreviations

  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. Adams EC. and Mulligan W.J. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. (1954) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35: 199-220.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hertig AT. and Rock J. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 65-84.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1949. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about eight and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. Embryol., 33, 169-186
  4. ↑ Hertig AT. and Rock J. On a normal human ovum not over 7.5 days of age. (1945) Anat. Rec. 91: 281.
  5. ↑ Hertig, A. T., and Rock J. 1945c. On a normal ovum of approximately 9 to 10 days of age. Anat. Rec, 91,281.
  6. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1956. A human ovum with an estimated ovulation age of about nine days. Anat. Rec, 124, 459.
  7. ↑ Streeter, G. L. 1926. The "Miller" ovum—the youngest normal human embryo thus far known. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 363, Contrib. Embryol., 18, 31-48.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1941. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having an ovulation age of about eleven and twelve days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29, 127-156.
  9. ↑ Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1944. On the development of the early human ovum, with special reference to the trophoblast of the previllous stage: a description of a normal and 5 pathologic human ova. Amer. J. Obstet Gynecol, 47, 149-184.
  10. ↑ Marchetti AA. A pre-villous human ovum accidentally recovered from a curettage specimen. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 107-115.

Stage 6

Carnegie Collection - Stage 6 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
6026 Poor ? ? 6? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Lockyer embryo. Abnormal. Ramsey (1937)
6734 Poor Zenker—acetic P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Yale embryo. Ramsey (1938)
6900 Poor Formol P 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Linzenmeier (1914)
7634 Poor Formol P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1940 Torpin embryo. Kraflca (1941)
7762 Good Zenker—formol P 8 ? 1940 Wilson (1945)
7800 Exc. ? C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7801 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
7850 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
8290 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 H. phlox. 1944
8360 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944
8362 Poor p C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox 1944
8672 Exc. Ale. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949
8819 Exc. Formol—chrom. subl. C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 Edwards-Jones-Brewer (H1496). Brewer (1937, 38)[1][2]
8905 Poor Ale. p 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951 Abnormal
8910 Good Formol C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951
9222 Good Bouin C—P 6 & 10 Azan 1954 Abnormal. Possibly stage 7
9250 Exc. Bouin p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
9595 Poor p p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1958
10003 Good Bouin p 5 Various 1963
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Brewer JI. A normal human ovum in a stage preceding the primitive streak (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). (1937) Amer. J Anat., 61: 429-481.
  2. ↑ Brewer JI. A human embryo in the bilaminar blastodisc stage (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). (1938) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 496, 27: 85-93.

Stage 7

Carnegie Collection - Stage 7 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
7802 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
8206 Good p C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943
8361 Good Bouin C-P 10 p 1946 Abnormal
8602 Exc. Alc. C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1948
8752 Exc. ? C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
8755 Exc. Formol C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
9217 Exc. p P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 8

Carnegie Collection - Stage 8 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1399 Poor Formol P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1916 "Mateer embryo" described by Streeter (1920a)[1]
3412 Poor Formol P Transverse 5-15 Al. coch. E. au., or. 1921
5960 Good Kaiserling P Transverse 5 Al. coch. & eosin 1929 Heuser (1932b)[2]
6630 Poor Formol P Oblique 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932
6815 Poor Formol P Oblique 10 Al. coch., or. G 1933
7170a and b 7545 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1935 Twins
7568 Poor Formoi C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7640 Good Formol & Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 George (1942)[3]
7666 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 "H. 1515"
7701 Exc. ? C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939
7822 Good Formoi C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940
7949 Good Zenker p Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1941
7972 Good Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942
8255 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944 Slides showing embryo returned to Dr. Patten in 1962
8320 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8352 Good Formol C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8371 Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8671 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949
8725 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Preparation method described by Heard (1957)[4]
8727 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Germ disc folded, possibly double (Hertig, 1968, fig. 180)[5]
8820 Good Zenker-formol ? Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 "Jones-Brewer I" (H. 1459) described by Jones and Brewer (1941)[6]
9009a and b 9123 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1952 Twins described briefly by Heuser (1954)[7]
8371 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1953
9251 Good ? C-P Sagittal 10-12 Azan, H. & phlox. 1954
9286 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1955
10157 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse ? Cason 1967
10174 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 8 Cason 1967
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Streeter GL. A human embryo (Mateer) of the pre-somite period. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 389-424.
  2. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1932b. A presomite human embryo with a definite chorda canal. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 433, Contrib. Embryol., 23, 251-267.
  3. ↑ George, W. C. 1942. A presomite human embryo with chorda canal and prochordal plate. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 541, Contrib. Embryol., 30, 1-7.
  4. ↑ Heard OO. Methods used by C. H. Heuser in preparing and sectioning early embryos. (1957.) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36, 1-18.
  5. ↑ Hertig, A. T. 1968. Human Tropboblast. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.
  6. ↑ Jones HO. and Brewer JI. A human embryo in the primitive-streak stage (Jones-Brewer ovum I). (1941) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29: 157-165.
  7. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1954. Monozygotic twin human embryos with an estimated ovulation age of 17 days. Anat. Rec, 118, 310.

Stage 10

Stage 11

Carnegie Collection - Stage 11 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
12 14 E, 2.1 Ch, 13 Poor P Transverse 10 Al. carm. 1893
164 18 E, 3.5 Ch, 14 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1913
318 13/14 E, 2.5 Ch, 16 Good P Transverse 25 Al. carm. 1905
470 17 E, 4.3 Ch, 16 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm. . 1910
779 14 E, 2.75 Good C Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1913 Dysraphism. Noted by Dekaban (1964)[1]
1182b E, 3 Ch, 15x12x5 Good Formalin ? Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1915
2053 20 E, 3.1 Ch, 12 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1918 Most advanced in group. Ag added to slide 2
Monographs by Davis (1923)[2] and Congdon (1922)[3]
4315 17 E, 4.7 Ch, 23x10.4X11 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 10 I.H. & E. 1923 Univ. Chicago No. 951. Wen (1928)[4]
4529 14 E, 2.4 Ch, 21 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1924 Heuser (1930)[5]
4783 13 E, 2.3 Fair ? ? Transverse 5 I.H. 1924 Wallin (1913)[6]
4877 13 E, 2 Ch, 15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1925
5072 17 E, 3 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1925 Tubal Type specimen. Atwell (1930)[7]
6050 19/21 E.,3 Ch, 10 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1930 Advanced
6344 13 E, 2.5 Ch, 17 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 Al. coch. 1931 Least advanced in group
6784 17 E, 5 Ch, 16 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 I.H, or. G. 1933
7358 16 E, ? Ch, 15 Poor Alc, formol p Oblique 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7611 16 E., 2.4 Ch., 12 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7665 19 E., 4.36 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 6 1939 Univ. Chicago No. H 1516
7702 17 E, 3.7 Ch., 14 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1940 Returned to B M Patten
7851 13 E., 4.3 Ch, 18 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Slightly injured
8005 16/17 E, 3 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal
8116 17 E, 14 Ch.. 17 Good Formalin p Sagittal 8 Azan 1953
8962 15 E, 1.55 Good ? * Sagittal ? ? 1952 Tubal Univ. Chicago No. H 810
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Dekaban AS. and Bartelmez GW. Complete Dysraphism in 14 Somite Human Embryo. (1964) A Contribution To Normal And Abnormal Morphogenesis. Am. J. Anat. 115: 27-38. PMID 14199785
  2. ↑ Davis CL. Description of a human embryo having twenty paired somites. (1923) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 332, Contrib. Embryol., 15: 1-51.
  3. ↑ Congdon ED. Transformation of the aortic-arch system during the development of the human embryo. (1922) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ 277, 14:47-110.
  4. ↑ Wen IC. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites (1928) J. Comp. Neural., 45: 301-376.
  5. ↑ Heuser CH. A human embryo with 14 pairs of somites. (1930) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 22:135-153.
  6. ↑ Wallin IE. A human embryo of thirteen somites. (1913) Amer. J Anat. 15(3): 319-331.
  7. ↑ Atwell WJ. A human embryo with seventeen pairs of somites. (1930) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 407, 21: 1-24.

Stage 12

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 12 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
209 ca_24 EH3 Ch.,15 Poor Alc P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1902
250 19? E , 2 (11, 10x9x9 Poor p ? Sagittal 20 Al. coch. p
384 P E 2_5 Ch.,13 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H.&E. 1907 Macerated. Narrow yolk stalk
486 21 E.,4 Ch., 22 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 Al. Coch. 1911
1062 29 E.,4.5 Ch., 20 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1915 Transitional to next stage
2197 ? E_,5_3 Ch., 19.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1918
4245-7 ca.24 E.,3.5 Ch., 24 Good Alc, formol P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1923 Caudal neuropore widely open
4479 P E.,5 .8 Ch , 17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1923 Macerated. Upper lirnb buds not visible
4736 26 E.,3.0 Ch.,20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1924 No upper limb buds. Caudal neuropore closed
4759 ? E.,4.5 Ch.,15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Neural tube folded
4784 23 E_,3 Good P P Transverse 10 p 1924
5035 25-28 E.,3.8 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5048 ca_25 E_,3_5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925 Tubal Injured
5056 25 E,,3 Ch.,12 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5206 ? E.,4 Ch., 51x31x30 Poor ?? P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Tubal
5300 ? E., 4.5 Ch,16.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Autopsy. Partly macerated
5923 28 E.,4 Ch.,15 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1929
6097 25 E,3.4 Ch., 12.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch, eosin 1930 Tubal Ag added to slides 1-3
6144 27 E. 3.3 Ch.,11 Good Lysol—Zenker C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1930
6488 28 E, 32 Ch,22 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1932
6937 26 E.,3 Ch , 12 Poor Formalin C—P Coronal 10 I.H.,or.G. 1934 Tubal Caudal neuropore closed
7724 ca.29 E,3.5 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C—P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Caudal end broken
7852 25 E , 3.7 Ch,26 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Typical for stage 12
7999 ca.28 E,3.2 Ch , 15 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Caudal defect
8505a 24 Ch, 23.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse P H. Phlox. 1947
8505b 23 Ch,24 Exc. Formalin C-P Sagittal p Azan 1947 Twins
8941 28 E,4.9 Ch, 35 Exc. Zenker C-P Transverse 6 I.H. 1927 Univ. Chicago No. H 1261
8942 25 E, 38 Ch, 35 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Coronal 5 11-1. 1930 Univ. Chicago No. H 1382
8943 22 E. 3.9 Ch, 20.4 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Transverse 8 H.&E. 1934 Univ. Chicago No. H 1481
8944 25 E,4 Ch,,25 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Sagittal 8 I.H. 1936 Univ. Chicago No. H 1514
8963 22 E, 3.8 Ch , 14.5 Fair Formalin C-P Transverse 10 I.H. 1928 Univ. Chicago. No. H 1093 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
8964 23 E,2.8 Ch - 25 Poor Formalin p Transverse 8 I.H. 1928 Univ_ Chicago No. H984 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
9154 24 E, 5 4 Exc Formalin C-P Transverse I.H. & phlox. 1953
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wen IC. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites (1928) J. Comp. Neural., 45: 301-376.

Stage 13

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 13 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1 E.,4.5 Ch., 30x30 Poor Salicylic acid P Transverse 10 Hemat. 1887 Obtained by Mall while student
19 E., 5.5 Ch., 18x14 Poor p ? Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
98 E., 4 Ch., 24x16x9 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1896
76 E., 4.5 Ch., 22x20 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
112 E., 4 Poor p P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p
116 E., 5 Poor p ? Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1898
148 E.,4.3 Ch., 17x14x10 Poor Alc. P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1899 Abnormal. Nasal discs fused
186 E.,3.5 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1901
239 E., 3.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1903
248 E., 4.5 Ch., 30x23x15 Poor p ? Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1904
407 E.,4 Ch., 14x13X7 Poor Formalin ? Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1907
463 E., 3.9 Ch., 17x12x7 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1910
523 E., 5 Ch., 25x25x15 Fair Formalin P Transverse p Al. coch. 1911
588 E., 4.0 Ch., 19x15x8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1912 Advanced
786 E., 4.5 Ch., 19x10x10 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 15 Al. coch. 1913
800 E., 6.0 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 H 1913 Curettage. Anencephaly
808 E.,4.0 Poor Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Tubal Incomplete
826 E., 5.0 Ch., 13x13x9 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914 Shrunken
836 E.,4.0 Ch., 22x18x11 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Less advanced
963 E.,4.0 Ch., 23x18x16 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1914
1075 E.,6.0 Ch., 46x32x20 Exc. Corros. acetic P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1915 Most advanced in group
3956 E., 4.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1922 Tubal Incomplete
4046 E.,5 Ch., 22x20x20 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1922
5541 E., 6.0 Ch., 35x30x20 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1927
5682 E., 5.3 Ch., 29x25x13 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1928
5874 E., 4.8 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Hysterotomy. Bromides only
6032 E., 5.8 Ch., 30x24x13 Poor Formalin P P ? p 1929 Not good enough to cut
6469 E., 5.0 Ch., 25x18x18 Poor Formalin P P P P 1932 Fragmented on cutting. Not saved
6473 E., 5.0 Ch, 30x30x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 6 Al. coch. 1932 Less advanced. Ag added
7433 E., 5.2 Ch., 15x13x13 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937 Tubal
7618 E, 48 Ch, 18x15x15 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hystereaomy. Advanced. Ag added
7669 E, 5.0 Ch., 23x16x14 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hysterectomy. Least advanced in group, Ag added
7889 E, 4.2 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hysterectomy
8066 E,53 Ch , 20x18xI8 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hysterectomy. Ag added to slide 2
8119 E., 5.3 Ch., 32x28x6.5 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hysterectomy
8147 E., 5.2 Ch., 27x21x19 Poor Formalin ? ? p p 1943 Tubal Not cut
8239 E., 4.3 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 H. phlox. 1944
8372 E., 5.6 Exc. Alc.& Bouin P Transverse 10 Azan 1946
8581 E., 4.8 Good Kaiserling C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1948 Most-advanced third
8967 E., 5.7 Exc. Acetic Zenker C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 Head injured. Univ. Chicago No. H1426
9296 E,4.5 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 Azan 1955
9297 E., 4.5 Exc. C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1955
9697 E., 5.5 Bouin 1956 not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 14

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 14 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
4 E.,7 Poor p P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1892
18 E.,7 Ch., 18x18 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
80 E., 5.0 Ch., 24x18x8 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
187 E.,7 Ch., 35x30x25 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
1208 E.,7 Ch., 22x11Xx1 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
245 E.,6 Ch., 13x12x10 Poor Formol, Zenker ? Transverse 5 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1904
372 E.,7 Fair p P Transverse 10 H.-Congo red 1902
380 E,6 Ch., 20x20x14 Poor p P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906
387 E.,7 Ch., 45x40x50 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
442 E.,6 Ch., 25x20 Poor Formalin P Coronal? 50 Al. coch. 1908
552 E.,6 Ch, 40x28Xx8 Poor p P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Possible anencephaly
560 E., 7.0 Ch, 24x24 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1912
676 E., 6.0 Ch, 35x20x17 Good Carnoy P Tr.-Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Possible spina bifida
873 E,6.0 Ch., 35x28x16 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1914
988 E,6.0 Ch., 38x30x23 Good Formol-corros. acetic P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914
1380 E , 5.7 Ch, 36x24x24 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1916
1620 E, 6.6 Ch, 35x30x8 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916
?? E, 6.68 Fair ? ? Transverse 6 Al. coch., or. G 1919
2841 E , sy Ch. 35x21 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920
3360 E.6.0 Good Formalin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920 In myomatous uterus. Advanced.
3805 E., 5.9 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1921 Evans embryo No. 168. Serial bromides only
3960 E., 5.5 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1922 Blood vessels naturally injected
4154 E, 6.8 Ch., 33x31x20 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1923
4245-6 E., 7.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1923 Univ. Pennsylvania No. 40. Ag added
4692 E., 6.5 Ch., 32x23 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924
4672 E,8.2 Ch., 40X34X25 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1924 Advanced
4805 E., 7.3 Ch., 15X8X9 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Tubal
5437 E., 7.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Advanced
5654 E., 5.0 Ch., 30x23x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928 Less advanced
5787 E., 6.8 Ch., 32x30x23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928
6428 E., 7.0 Ch., 30X28X25 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6, 10 Al. coch. 1931 Advanced
6500 E, 4.9* Good Souza? C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6502 E., 6.7* Exc. Souza? C-P Transverse 5, 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin. Ag added to slides 1-25
6503 E., 6.3* Exc. Souza? C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6739 E.,8 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6830 E,5.5 Ch., 47x23x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6848 E., 7.8 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal
7324 E, 6.6 Ch., 17x13x10 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 Low implantation
7333 E, 6.3 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7394 E, 7.2 Ch., 45x20x20 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7400 E, 6.3 Ch., 35x25x20 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7522 E., 7.7 Ch., 33x16x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Natural blood injection
7598 E., 7.0 Ch., 30x30x25 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Macerated
7667 E., 5 Ch., 16x14x12 Fair Formalin P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1939
7829 E., 7.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Advanced
7870 E,7.2 Ch., 25x20x13 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 On borderline of next stage. Ag added
8141 E,7.3 Ch.,33x28 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Shrinkage cracks in brain
8306 E.5.3 Ch., 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8308 E, 5.85 Ch., 27x18x18 Exc. Formol & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1945
8314 E,8 Ch.,23x22 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1945
8357 E., 6.5 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1946
8552 E,6.5 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1947
8999 E,6 Ch.,16x15 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1952
9695 E,8.5 ? 1955 Not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 15

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 15 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
2 E., 7.0 Ch., 25x25x25 Good Alc. P Transverse 15 Al. carm. 1888 Least-advanced third
88 E.,8 Ch., 30x28x15 Poor Alc. P Coronal P Al. coch. 1897
113 E.,8 241 E,6.0 Poor P p Sagittal 10 Borax carmine ?
241 E,6.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1904
371 E,6.6 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1913 Shrunken and cracked
389 E., 9 Poor p p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907 Tubal
721 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x20x10 Exc. Zenker formol P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Median in group
810 E., 7.0 Ch, 30x25x15 Good Alc. P Sagittal 20 Al. coch 1913
855 E.,7.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 1914 Pathological between limbs
1006 E,9.0 Ch., 37x26x22 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1914 Operative. Most-advanced third
1091 E,7.2 Ch., 28x26x20 Poor P P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1915 Macerated
1354 E,7.8 Ch, 35x30x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Least-advanced third
1767 E , 11.0 Ch, 41x23x5 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1917 Most-advanced third
2743 E., 7.2 Ch., 19xl8x14 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1919 Macerated. Least-advanced third
3216 E, 6.5 Ch, 30x30x5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1920 Hysterectomy. Least-advanced third
3385 E,83 Ch., 25x20x16 Exc. Corros. acetic P Trans. 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1921 Some sections lost. Most-advanced third. Ag added
3441 E,8.0 Ch., 25x24x20 Good Formalin P Sag. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3512 E,8,5 Ch., 33x28x25 Good Formalin P Trans. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3952 E,6,7 Ch., 30x25x15 Good Formalin P Cor. 15 Al. coch. 1922 Median in group
4602 E,9.3 Ch,, 33x30x26 Good Formalin P Sag. 15 Al. coch. 1924 Medical abortion
4782 E,9.0 Ch., I4xl3x11 Poor Formalin P Cor. 20 Al. coch. 1924
5772 E, 8 Poor ? P Cor. 15 Al. coch. eosin 1928
Template:CE5?92 E, 3 Good Corros. acetic C-P Cor. 10 Al. coch. phlox 1929 Transitional to next stage
6223 E ? Poor Alc. C-P Sag. 8 Or. G. 1930 Fragmented sections. Not saved
6504
6506
6508
6595
????
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 16

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 16 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
163 E., 9.0 Ch., 35x35x20 Good Formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1899 Used by Bardeen and Lewis
221 E., 7.5 Ch., 40x33x33 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1903 Macerated
383 E., 7.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm., H. & Congo red 1904
397 E., 8.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
422 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x30x30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1910 Tubal. Partly macerated
559 E., 8.6 Ch., 20x15x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1911 Cyclopia. Formerly listed as stage 17
589 E., 11 Ch., 30x13x13 Poor p P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 1912
617 E., 7.0 Ch., 18x14x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1912 Median in group
636 E., 10 Ch.,28x28x22 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1913 Macerated
651f E., 7 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor p p p p p 1913 Spina bifida
675 E., 10 Ch., 50x30x25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Carmine 1915 Abnormal head and limbs
792 E., 8.0 Ch., 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1913 Advanced
887 E, 9.0 Ch., 31x28x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1914 Near next stage
1121 E., 11.8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Operative. Median in group
1197 E., 10.0 Ch., 23x19x15 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), or. G. 1915 Advanced
1544 E., 7.2 Good Zenker P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Tubal. Mechanical injury
1836 E., 11.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Most-advanced third
4677 E., 9.5 Ch., 48x36x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1924 Median in group
5515 E., 12.0 Ch., 47x37x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Near next stage
6054 E., 7,0 Ch., 21x17x12 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Least-advanced third
6507 E., 9.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 & 8 Al. coch. p Middle or most-advanced third
6509 E. 8.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Least-adianced or middle third
6510 E., 10.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Close to No. 6507. Ag added
6511 E, 8.1* Good Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., iron H. p Surface injured by fixative. Most-advanced third
6512 E., 7.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. p Least-advanced third. Borderline
6513 E., 7.2* Good Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Surface injured by fixative. Least advanced in group
6514 E, 9 0* Poor Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third
6516 E., 10 5* Good Corros acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third. Double left kidney and ureter
6517 E., 10.5* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8 Al. coch. ? Close to No. 6516
6686 E., 11.0 Ch., l7x17xP Poor Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1933 Tubal. Partly macerated
6750 E., 10.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Tubal. Advanced
6909 E., 11.0 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Advanced
6931 E., 8.8 Ch., 3""x 33x16 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al coch., phlox. 1934 Least-advanced third. Type specimen
6950 E.. 9 0 Ch., 3lx20x18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Partly fragmented
7?15 E., 9.7 Exc Bouin C-P Coronal 10 H. & phlox 1935 Operative. Less advanced
7629 E., 11.5 Ch., 31x31 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox 1939 Hysterectomy. Most advanced in group
7804 E., 9.5 Ch., 26x21x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Least-advanced third
7897 E., 12.2 Ch., 31x24x23 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Tubal. Advanced
8098 E., 10.0 Ch., 30 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal. Median in group
8112 E., 10.9 Excellent Bouin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Most-advanced third
8179 E., 11.9 Ch., 23x18x17 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Tubal
8436 E., 10.9 Ch., 13x15x1? Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Advanced
8692 E., 10 Good Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Rubella. Medical abortion. Mechanically damaged
8697 E., 11.3 Poor Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Perhaps stage 17
8773 E, 11 Excellent Bouin P Coronal 10 Azan 1950
8971 E., 10 Ch., 20.5x14.5x13.7 Poor Formalin Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Synophthalmia. Univ. Chicago No. H 1439
Template:CE9055 E., ca. 10 Excellent Bouin P Transverse 20 Azan & Ag 1953 Damaged
9229 E, 9.5 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 6 Ag & (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954 Stage 15, 16, or 17? Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 17

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 17 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
353 E, 11.0 Ch., 40x35x20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906 Very advanced
485 E, 13.0 Ch., 33x25 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Injected (India ink)
544 E., 11.5 Ch., 30 Good Zenker-Formol P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Operative Injected (India ink)
562 E, 13.0 Ch., 28x17x17 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Al. coch. 1912 Advanced
623 E 10.1 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1912 Operative. Median in group
695 E, 13.5 Ch., 40x40x17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1913 Macerated
916 E, 11.0 Ch, 30x30x16 Good Bouin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1915 Most-advanced third
940 E, 14.0 Ch, 28x23x21 Good Formalin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1914 Advanced
1232 E, 14.5 Ch., 35x35x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Close to No.1267A
1267A E-a 145 Ch., 35x30x26 40 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin). or. G 1915 Excellent CN.S.
1267B ?? E, 125 Good Formalin p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Tubal
5642 E, 11.5 Ch.. 33x30x17 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1928 Right upper limb injured
5893 E.. 13.2 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1929 Most advanced in group
6258 E. 14.0 Ch 48x35x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Median in group
6519 E.. 10.8* Exc Corrov acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. ? Least-advanced or middle third
6520 E., 14.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. P Median in group. Ag added to slides 1-25
6521 E., 13.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8-18 Al. coch. ? Sections vary in thinness
6631 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Tubal. Advanced
6742 E, 11.0 Ch.,50x40x15 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 12 H. & phlox. 1933 Good primary germ cells
6758 E., 12.8 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Least—advanced third
7317 E, 10.0* Good P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 His embryo “Ru." Every third section
7436 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 30 Al. coch. 1937 Most-advanced third
8101 E., 13.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Operative
8118 E., 12.6 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Middle third
8253 E., 11.2 Ch.,30x20x10 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox. 1944 Operative. Least advanced in group
8789 E., 11.7 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1950
8969 E., 11.2 Exc. ? p Transverse 15 Azan 1919 Univ. Chicago No. H566
8998 E., 11.0 Exc. ? C-P Coronal 10 Azan 1952
9100 E., 12.0 Ch., 12x13x10 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1933 Univ. Chicago No. H1475
9282 E, 12.0 Ch., 16 Good Ale. p Transverse 15 Ag 1955 Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 18

Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 18 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Semi. ducts P.-M. duct (mm) Year Notes
109 E., 12.0* Ch.,30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1 0.4 1897 Tubal Least—advanced third
144 E., 16.0* Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. eoch. 3 0.85 1899 Most—advanced third
175 E., 13.0 Ch, 30x25x25 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1900 Tubal Partly macerated
296 E., 17.0 Poor Ale. P Coronal 20 Various 3 0.85 1905 Most—advanced third
317 E., 16.0 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 2 0.7 1905 Middle third
351 E.,14.0* Good Formalin P Coronal 250 Slightly carmine— 2 038 1904 Injected (Berlin blue)
406 E., 16.0 Ch., 40x40x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.7 1907 Operative. Most—advanced third
423 E., 15.2 Good Formol—Zenker P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 0.85 1904
424 E., 172 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 10 1904 Double infection. Advanced
492 E, 16.8 Ch, 40 x 40 Exc. Zenker P Coronal 40 Al. coch. v 3 0.7 1911 Injected (India ink)
511 E., 160* Ch., 3?* 32x32 Good Ale. P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 3 1.1 1911 Head injured. Most advanced in group
670 E, 12.5 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 10 1913 Tubal Advanced
719 E, 15.0 Ch, 50x50x50 Good Formalin P Trans 40 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
733 E., Ch., 4Sx40x2S ISO Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
841 E. 15.0 Ch., 18 x 16x9 Good Formalin P Coronal & Trans, 20 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), carmine 2 0.32 1914 Operative. Head cut separately
899 E, 160* Ch. 50 x 18 x IS Good Bouin P Sagittal S0 Al. coch. 3 0,65 1914 Tubal Head injured
991 E. l?.0 Good Formalin P Sag so R, V, Gieson 3 0.9 1914 Advanced
1909 E., 14.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch,or. G. 1 0.3 1917 Less advanced
2673 E.,15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.52 1919 Median in group
4430 E., 14.0 Ch, 51 x40x21 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch,or. G. 3 0.9 1923 Most—advanced third
5542B E., 16.0 Ch, 37x32x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.7 1927 Other twin abnormal
5747 E, 15.2 Ch, 32x27x25 Poor Alc.—formol P Sagittal 25 Al. coch. 2 0.25 1928 Least—advanced or middle third
5935A E, 13.5 Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1 0.38 1929 Other twin stunted
6522 E, 13.2* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 3 0.8 7 Middle or most—advanced third
6524 E, 11.7* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1 0.4 ? Least—advanced third
6525 E, 13.8* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. 2 0.42 ? Weak staining
6527 E, 14.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 2 0.67 ? Mechanical damage
6528 E, 13.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 8 Al. coch. 1 0.33 ? Least—advanced third
6529 E, 15.6* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 2 0.4 .5 Middle third
6533 E, 12.5* Good Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 6, 8, 10 Al. coch. 2 0.45 ? Middle third
6551 E, 18.0 Poor Formalin p Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.8 1932 Tubal
7707 E, 14.5 Ch ,37x32 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 2 0.54 1939 Operative. Middle third
8097 E, 15.5 Ch, 37x25x21 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1 0.19 1942 Least advanced in group
8172 E, 16.5 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.58 1943 Operative. Very advanced
8235 E, 14.0* Good Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) Mallory 2 0.25 1944 Tubal
8355 E, 15.0 Ch, 23 Exc. Formalin C—P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Tubal. Duplicated spinal cord caudally
8812 E, 12_9 Exc Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Rubella. Medical abortion. Midbrain punctured
8945 E, 13.9 Good Zenker p Transverse 8 Borax, carm. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 1254
9107 E, 17.0 Ch, 38x28x22 Good Bouin p Transverse 15 Borax, carm. 1918 Univ. Chicago No. H 516
9247 E, 15.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 8 Azan 1954 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 19

Carnegie Collection - Stage 19 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Score Sex Year Notes
17 E, 18 Ch, 40x30x20 Poor Alc. P 50, 100 Al. carm. 16.5 Male 1894
43 E, 16 Good Alc. P 50 Al. coch. 10 Male 1894
293 E, 19 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 16.5 S 1905
390 E, 19 Good Formol? P Sagittal 20, (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 11.5 Male 1906 Tubal Injected

50

409 E.18 Ch, 50x40x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Copper, iron H. & erythrosin 14.5 Male 1907
432 E..18.5 Ch , 45x35x20 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 13.5 Male 1910 Tubal
576 E. 17 Ch, 60x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 15, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 d 1912 Tubal
626 E., 21.5 Ch., 40x30x21 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 14_5 6 1913
6??8 E, 20 Ch, ca. 30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 12 9 1913 Head damaged
709 E, 19 Ch. 40x35x25 Poor Alc. P Coronal 40 Al. coch, Lyons blue 15 49 1913
837 E. 21 Ch. 65x45x Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 14.5 P 1914
1324 E., 18 50x30x18 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 125 79 1915
1332 E., 19 Ch., 40x43x22 Poor Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 15 Male 1915
1390 E., 18 Ch, 40x38x15 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 10_5 Male 1915 Tubal
1534 E., 13 Ch.,35x31x25 Poor Formalin P 53% 50 Al. coch. 13.5 F 1916 Protruding midbrain
2114 E., 19.3 Ch., 49x42x33 Good Formol P Transverse 40 A1. coch. 12 M 1918
4405 E., 15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Coch, Mallory 13.5 <3 1923 Midbrain injured
4501 E, 18 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 Coch, or. G. 14.6 1924 Cystic left kidney
5609 E., 18 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 25 A1. coch. 13.5 Male
6150 E., 17 Ch., 40x39x30 Good Bouin C-P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 16.5 Male 1930 Tubal
6824 E., 18.5 Ch., 45x40x25 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 Female 1933
7900 E., 16.5 Good Bouin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 11.5 . . 1941 Tubal
8092 E., 16.3 Ch., 52 x 47 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 13 Male 1942
8913 E.,? Ch, 34 Poor Formalin p Transverse 10 Alan . 7 1951 rubella. Medical abortion. Isolated head damaged
8965 E, 19.1 Ch, 42x32x19 Good Formol—Zenker C-P Transverse 10 Borax, carm, or. G. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 173
9097 E, 21 Exc. Formol—glucose C-P Coronal 10 Azan ? . ? 1930 Univ. Chicago No H 1380
9113 E, 185 Ch, 24 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Alan > 6 1953 Rubella. Medical abortion
9325 E, 17.0 Ch, 32x28x20 Good Formalin —acetic p Transverse 15& 8-10 Azan & Ag ? - 1955 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 20

Carnegie Collection - Stage 20 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
240 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Iron H. 27 d 19??
256 E, 21 poor Alc p Sagittal 25 Coch. 23 M 1904 Tubal. Partial anencephaly
353 E, 20 Poor Alc P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 22,5 M 1906
431 E, 19 Ch, 30x25x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 25,5 M 1908 Tubal
437 E, 23 Ch., 80x60x50 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Coch 24 M 193?
453 E, 23 Ch, 60x40x30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 23-5 ? 1910 Injected
460 E, 21 Exc. Bichlor. acetic P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), coch, 24.5 M 1910 injected
462 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 40 Al, coch 23.5 F 1910
635B E, 22 Poor Alc P Transverse 50 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913
657 E, 25 Ch, 35x20x15 Poor Formalin C Sagittal 40 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913 Tubal
966 E, 23 Ch, 51x38x13 Exc Bichlor. acetic P Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 25 M 1911 Tubal
1134B E, 23 Poor Formalin p Sagittal 100 Al. coch., 22 - 1915
1266 E, 23.1 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or G 20.5 F 191?
2393 Ch, 61.5x50x35 Poor
3527 E., 22 Ch. 32x30x10 Good Formalin P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., 28 ? 1921
4059 E, 21.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 15 Al. coch., Mallory 29.5 $ 1922
4148 E, 21 Ch. 45x34x30 Good Formalin p Coronal 15 A1. coch., Mallory 19 ? 1922
4361 E, 22 Ch., 52x42x23 poor Formalin 9 Transverse 20 Coch. 24 8 1923
6202 E, 21 Ch., 35x35x22 Exc Bouin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 20.5 8 1930 Tubal
6426 E 21.5 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 21 3 1931
7274 E, 18.5 Ch., 48x44x35 Exc Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 20 M 1936
7906 E19.5 Exc Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 22 8 1941 Left renal agenesis
8517 E., 20.8 Exc. Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 24 8 1943
8226 E, 18.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 Alan ? 3 1944
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 21

Carnegie Collection - Stage 21 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
22 E, 20 Ch, 35x30x30 Good Alc. P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 34.5 Female 1895
57 E, 23 Ch., ca. 30 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 36 Male 1896
128 E, 20 Ch., 50x43 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1898
229 E, 19 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1903
349 E, 24 Good Zenker C Coronal 250 Unstained 36 ? 1905 Double vascular injection
455 E, 24 Ch., 42x34x20 Good Alc. P Transverse 30 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36.5 Male 1910
632 E, 24 Ch., 60x50x30 Good Bichlor. acetic P Sagittal 40, 100, 250 Al. coch. 33 Female 1913 Injected
903C E, 23.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 38.5 Female 1914
1008 E, 26,4 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 39 ?? 1914
1358F E, 23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 37.5 Female 1916
2937 E,, 24.2 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 39 Female 1920
3167 E., 24.5 Ch., 60x50x40 Poor Bichlor, acetic, formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 32 Male 1920
4090 E, 22.2 Ch.. 66x46x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 30 Female 1922
4160 E,25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 39 Male 1923 Tubal
4960 E.22 Ch,, 47x42x28 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch., Mallory 31.5 Female 1925
5??6 E. 215 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 34 Female 1927
6531 E,22 Poor Glacial acetic, C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 31.5 Female 1931 Leitz Collection
7254 E,225 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 33.5 Male 1936
7592 E,22-> Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36 Female 1937
7864 E., 24 Exc, Formalin C-P Frontal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 32.5 Male 1941
8553 E., 22 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 38 Female 1947
9614 E,,22 5 Exc Bouin P Coronal 10 &15 Azan ? ? 1958 Rubella. Hysterectomy
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Stage 22

Carnegie Collection - Stage 22 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
392 E., 23 Ch., 45x45x25 Poor ... P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 42 Female 1907 Brödel Collection. Injected
405 E., 26 Good Formalin C Sagittal 40 Carmine 42.5 Male 1907
464 E.,26 Ch., 45x40x30 Good Formol? alc? P Sag. 100 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1910
584A E.,25 Ch., 50x42x40 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 41 ? 1913
630 E., 25 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 46 Male 1913
840 E, 24.8 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 44.5 Female 1914
875 E, 27 Ch., 40x28x22 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 45 Male 1914
895 E., 26 Ch., 67x62x54 Good Formalin P Transverse 25 Al. coch. 46.5 Female 1914
1315 E.,25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 40.5 Female 1915 Spina bifida and anencephaly
1458 E., 27.5 Ch, 45x45x30 Exc. Formalin C Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 45.5 Male 1916
1894 E, 24.6 Good Formalin c Sagittal 40,80 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 41 Female 1917
2206 E, 27 Ch, 50x30x18 Poor Formalin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Male 1918
3681 E, 26.3 Ch, 36x36x34 Good Formalin p Transverse 25 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1921
4304 E,25 Ch, 66x45x45 Good Bouin p Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Female 1923 Injected
4339 E, 24.5 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch, Mallory 46,5 Female 1923
4476 E., 26.2 Good Bouin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 46 Female 1923 Tubal
4638 E, 23.4 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 15,20 Al. coch, or. G. 41.5 Male 1924
6701 E, 24 Poor Formalin p Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 41 Female 1933
6832 E, 25.8 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 42 Female 1934
8394 E, 25.3 Ch, 48x50x34 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), Masson 44.5 Female 1946
8948 E, 26.7 Ch, 61x51x50 Poor Formol-Zenker p Transverse 15 Ag ? ? 1952
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie stage 22: 8394 right | 8394 left | 8394 anterior | 6701 right | 6701 left | 6701 anterior | Carnegie Embryos

Stage 23


Carnegie Collection - Stage 23 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
45 E,28 Ch, 40x35x20 Poor ? P Coronal/Transverse 50 Al. coch. 51.5 Female 1895
75 E,30 Good Alc. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 57 Male 1897
86 E,30 Good ? ? Coronal 50 Coch. Male 1897 May be an early fetus
100 E,27 Poor ? P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 57.5 ? 1897
108 E, 28 (est.) Poor Piurosulph. acid P Sagittal 45 Borax carm. 52.5 Male 1897
227 E30 Ch, 60x40x20 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50, 100 Al. coch. 54 Female 1903
417 E,32 Ch., 0x60x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 58.5 Female 1907
756A E, 27 Ch. 60x45x35 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 56 Male 1913
882 E , 28 Ch, 80x80x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Multiple 53 8 1913
950 E, 29 Good Formol P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 54 Male 1914
1199 E.,26 Ch,, 60x40x30 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur , or. G. 54.5 Male 1915
1535 E , 28 Ch. 50x45 x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 495 Female 1916
1945 E., 27.3 Ch., 83x53x22.5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 Male 1917
2561 E., 27 .5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 .5 Male 1919
4205 E., 29.5 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 A1. coch. 55.5 Female 1923
4289 E., 32.2 Ch., 52x35x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 15, 20 A1. coch., Mallory 59 Female 1923
4525 E., 30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 57 Male 1924
4570 E, 30.7 Ch., 52X50X28 Exc. Bouin P Transverse. 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) , phlox. 55 Male 1924
5154 E.,32 Good Bouin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 59.5 Male 1926
5422 E., 27 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Female 1927
5621A E., 27.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Male 1927 Other twin has spina bifida and fused kidneys
5725 E, 23 Good Formalin P Coronal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 50.5 Female 1928
6573 E,31.5 Good Bouin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 58.5 Female 1932
7425 E, 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 47 Female 1937 Ag added
9226 E, 31 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 12 Azan ? Female 1954
D.122 E, 27 Exc. ? ? Transverse 19 Ag ? ? 1976 Yntema and Truex
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie stage 23: 4570 right | 4570 anterior | 4570 left | 4570 posterior | 4570 large right | 4570 large left | Rotation | Carnegie Embryos


Stage 23 Links: Week 8 | System Development | Lecture - Limb | Lecture - Head Development | Lecture - Sensory | Science Practical - Head | Science Practical - Sensory | Science Practical - Urogenital | Historic - Skull Development | Carnegie Embryos | Madrid Embryos | Category:Carnegie Stage 23 | Next Fetal Development
  Historic Papers: 1954 Stage 19-23


All Stages

Sortable Stage Table

  • Stage - refers to the accepted staging within the 23 Carnegie stages of each embryo. Note that this only covers human material from week 1 to 8.
  • Serial No. - refers in assigned embryo number in the collection. The table links to the category for that specific embryo on the embryology website. This will include pages and images related to that specific embryo. Note a zeros have been added to the original low numbers to allow table to sort correctly.
  • Year - refers to the original year the embryo was collected and/or entered into the collection.
  • Comment - refers to additional known information about the embryo, this may include whether it represents a normal or abnormal specimen, and also if there have been specific histological techniques carried out.
Table 1. Showing correlation of size of embryos and development of the aortic-arch system.
Stage Serial No. Year Comment
2 8190 1943
2 8260 1944
2 8450 1947
2 8452 1946
2 8500.1 1947
2 8630 1948
2 8698 1949
2 8904 1951
3 8663 1949
3 8794 1950
5 8020 1942 5a
5 8155 1943 5a
5 8225 1944 5a
5 8004 1942 5b
5 8171 1943 5b
5 8215 1944 5b
5 9350 1945 5b
16 163 1899
16 221 1903 macerated
16 383 1904
16 397 1907
16 422 1910 tubal
16 559 1911
16 589 1912
16 617 1912
16 636 1913 macerated
16 651f 1913 spina bifia
16 675 1915 abnormal head and limbs
16 792 1913
16 887 1914
16 1121 1915
16 1197 1915
16 1544 1916
16 1836 1917
16 4677 1924
16 5515 1927
16 6054 1930
16 6507 ?
16 6509 ?
16 6510 ?
16 6511 ?
16 6512 ?
16 6513 ?
16 6514 ?
16 6516 ?
16 6517 ?
16 6686 1933
16 6750 1933
16 6909 1934
16 6931 1934
16 6950 1934
16 7?15 1935
16 7629 1939 Hysterectomy
16 7804 1940
16 7897 1941 tubal
16 8098 1942 tubal
16 8112 1943
16 8179 1943 tubal
16 8436 1946
16 8692 1949
16 8697 1949
16 8773 1950
16 8971 1932 Synophthalmia. Uni of Chicago No. H 1439
16 9055 1953 damaged
16 9229 1954
17 353 1906
17 485 1911
17 544 1911
17 562 1912
17 623 1912
17 695 1913
17 916 1915
17 940 1914
17 1232 1915
17 1267A 1915
17 ?? 1917 tubal
17 5642 1928
17 5893 1929
17 625? 1930
17 6519 ?
17 6520 ?
17 6521 ?
17 6631 1932 tubal
17 6742 1933
17 6758 1933
17 7317 1936 His embryo "Ru"
17 7436 1937
17 8101 1943 operative
17 8118 1943
17 8253 1944
17 8789 1950
17 8969 1919 Uni. Chicago No. H566
17 8998 1952
17 9100 1933 Uni. Chicago No. H1475
17 9282 1955
18 109 1897 tubal
18 144 1899
18 I75 1900 tubal
18 296 1905
18 317 1905
18 351 1904 injected
18 406 1907
18 423 1904
18 424 1904
18 492 1911 injected (india ink)
18 511 1911
18 670 1913 tubal
18 719 1913
18 733 1913
18 841 1914
18 899 1914 tubal head injured
18 991 1914
18 1909 1917
18 2673 1919
18 4430 1923
18 5542B 1923 other twin abnormal
18 5747 1928
18 5935A 1929 other twin stunted
18 6522 ?
18 6524 ?
18 6525 ?
18 6527 ?
18 6528 ?
18 6529 ?
18 6533 ?
18 6551 1932
18 7707 1939
18 8097 1942
18 8172 1943 operative
18 8235 1944 tubal
18 8355 1946 tubal
18 8812 1950 rubella
18 8945 1952 Uni of Chicago No. 1254
18 9107 1918 Uni of Chicago No. 516
18 9247 1954 tubal
19 17 1894
19 43 1894
19 293 1905
19 390 1906 tubal
19 409 1907
19 432 1910 tubal
19 576 1912 tubal
19 626 1913
19 6?8 1913 head damaged
19 709 1913
19 837 1914
19 1324 1915 tubal
19 1332 1915
19 1390 1916 tubal
19 1584 1916 protruding midbrain
19 2114 1918
19 4405 1923 midbrain injured
19 4501 1924 left cystic kidney
19 5609 19??
19 6150 1930 tubal
19 6824 1933
19 7900 1941 tubal
19 8092 1942
19 8913 1951 rubella
19 8965 1952 Uni of Chicago H173
19 9097 1953 Uni of Chicago H1380
19 9113 1953 rubella
19 9325 1955 tubal
20 0240 1901
20 0256 1904 tubal, partial anencephaly
20 0368 1906
20 0431 1908
20 0437 1909
20 0453 1910
20 0460 1910 injected
20 0462 1910
20 0635B 1913 tubal
20 0657 1913
20 0966 1914
20 1108 1915
20 1134E 1915
20 1266 1915
20 2393 1915
20 3527 1921
20 4059 1922
20 4148 1922
20 4361 1923
20 5537 1927
20 6202 1930 tubal
20 6426 1931
20 7274 1936
20 7906 1941 left renal agenesis
20 8157 1943
20 8226 1944
22 0392 1907
22 0405 1907
22 0464 1910
22 584A 1913
22 0630 1913
22 0840 1914
22 0875 1914
22 0895 1914
22 1315 1915 Spina bifida and anencephaly
22 1458 1916
22 1894 1917
22 2206 1918
22 3681 1921
22 4304 1923 injected
22 4339 1923
22 4476 1923 tubal
22 4638 1924
22 6701 1933
22 6832 1934
22 8394 1946
22 8948 1952
23 0045 1895
23 0075 1897
23 0086 1897
23 0100 1897
23 0108 1897
23 022? 1903
23 0417 1907
23 0756A 1913
23 0?82 1913
23 0950 1914
23 1199 1915
23 1535 1916
23 1945 1917
23 2561 1919
23 4205 1923
23 4289 1923
23 4525 1924
23 4570 1924
23 5154 1926
23 5422 1927
23 5621A 1927 Other twin has spina, bifida and fused kidneys
23 5725 1928
23 6573 1932
23 7425 1937
23 9226 1954
23 D.122 1976 Yntema and Truex


Embryos in Research Articles

1905 Brain Blood-Vessels

Mall FP. On the development of the blood-vessels of the brain in the human embryo. (1905) Amer. J Anat. 4(1): 1–18.

Mall FP. On the Development of the Blood-Vessels of the Brain in the Human Embryo. (1905) Amer. J. of Anat. 4; 1–18.

Number Length in mm Thickness of section in μ Direction of section From Whom Obtained
2 7 15 Transverse Dr. C. 0. Miller.
163 9 20 Transverse Dr. D. 8. Lamb.
109 11 20 Transverse Dr. Harvey Cushing.
144 14 40 Sagittal Dr. Watson.
74 19 50 Sagittal Dr. Irving Miller.
145 83 50 Sagittal Dr. W. T. Watson.
225 46 . . Injected Dr. Wegefarth.
237 48 . . Injected Dr. Todd. (Brödel Collection).
235 59 . . Injected Dr. Linthicum. (Brödel Collection)
234b 66 . . Injected Brödel Collection.
. . .. 80 . . Injected Brödel Collection.
234a 80 50 Transverse Dr. Ashby (Brödel Collection)
233 90 . . Injected Dr. Smart (Brödel Collection)
236 92 . . Injected Dr. Wilson (Brödel Collection)

1918 Embryo Age

Mall FP. On the age of human embryos. (1918) Amer. J Anat. 23: 397-422.

  • 1399 (Dr. H. N. Mateer, Wooster, Ohio.) Embryo, GL 1 mm. Chorion 10 X 9 mm. From a hysterectomy. Copulation September 19 and September 27. Operation, October 19. (I have been unable to find out date of last period, but it is probably recorded.) Copulation age 22 or 30 days. If the former is taken, it matches the curve exactly.
  • 779 (Dr.——— , Baltimore.) Embryo, GL 2.75 mm. The specimen though otherwise normal was later found to have spina bifida. It came from the physician’s wife. She is 37 years old, and is the mother of one child and this is her first abortion. She is very anxious to have children. Last period, August 29 to September 2. Abortion, October 12. Fruitful copulation, in the Woman’s opinion, September 25 and later. She does not state specifically that copulation occurred between September 2 and September 25. Menstrual age, 44 days. Copulation age, 17 days or less. Doubtful case.
  • Watt’s case* (Dr. Watt, Toronto.) Twin embryos, GL 2.75 and 3.55 mm. Mother, 3. German Jewess, 30 years old, robust and healthy, four children and this one abortion. Last period, December 3 to 6, 1907; first copulation December 20. Slight flow January 3, with similar flow on January 11, 12 and 13, abortion following on January 14. Menstruation age, 42 days. Copulation age, 25 days or less.
  • 1182b (Dr. C. E. Caswell, Wichita, Kansas.) Woman aged 27, four living children and one abortion. Husband has syphilis and so has one child. Mother seems to have escaped. Last period, March 25 to April 4. Abortion, May 10. Mother is sure that conception took place April 14. Menstrual age 46 days. Copulation age, 26 days. Doubtful case.
  • 470 (Dr. H. C. Ellis, Elkton, Md.) Embryo, CR 4 mm. Chorion, 20 x 13 mm. Mother, 24 years old, two healthy children. Abortion during an attack of mumps with very high fever. Last period October 5, 1910, and copulation about October 15. Abortion November 9. Menstrual age, 35 days; copulation age not over 25 days.
  • 588 (Dr. G. L. Wilkins, Baltimore.) Embryo, CR 4 mm. Last period January 26 to February 3. Had no intercourse with husband for several weeks prior to this and only three or four days after period but not later. Abortion March 16, 1912. She has had two healthy children, 14 and 20 years old respectively, and not less than eleven abortions. Dr. Wilkins believes that all the abortions were induced. Menstrual age, 50 days. Copulation age, 38 or 39 days.
  • 1507 (Dr. C. B. Ingraham, Denver, Colorado.) Macerated embryo, GL 4 mm. A Jewess who last menstruated May 7 to 11; abortion June 22. Woman had opportunity to become pregnant shortly after this period or again just before the next. Menstrual age, 46 days; copulation age, 40 days or 17 days. Record not satisfactory, especially since specimen ‘s also pathological.
  • 1208 (Dr. J. Y. Dale, Lamont, Pa.) Normal embryo, CR 7 mm., GL 8 mm. The specimen was enclosed in an almond-shaped ovum, measuring 22 x 11 x 11 mm., and there was considerable magma Within the exocoelom. The specimen came from a married woman whose last period began on December 28, 1901, and who had coitus only twice, January 5 and January 7, between this period and the time of abortion, February 15, 1902. Dr. Dale informs me that the data are entirely reliable, as both the Woman and her husband are thoroughly trustworthy. The specimen was secured for me by Prof. John G. Clark of the University of Pennsylvania, Who thought that its unique history gave it greater Value. Menstrual age, 49 days ; copulation age, 39 to 41 days.
  • 1461 (Dr. H. A. Wright, Seattle, Washington.) Embryo, CR 9.8 mm. Menstrual age, 28 days; copulation, 27 days. Data inaccurate and incomplete. Not a reliable case.
  • 443 (Dr. William Grant, Baltimore.) Embryo about 10.5 mm. long. The specimen was sent at the suggestion of Prof. T. S. Cullen on account of its interesting history. Menstrual age, 27 days and copulation age, 28 days. On account of the manner in which the history was given, and because of the degree of development of the embryo, the data can hardly be admitted as correct. The husband had been away from home for four months prior to the time of coitus, which was on the last day of menstruation. The woman is the mother of four healthy children and menstruates regularly every 28 days. The patient was reluctant to show the specimen to the physician, and both she and her family defended her character, a fact which would seem still further to convict her. For this reason the record is not to be considered reliable so far as the age of the embryo is concerned.
  • 167 (Dr. A. H. Ritter, Brooklyn, N. Y.) Embryo, CR 14.5 mm., NL 13.5 mm. The normal embryo was sent in a beautiful normal ovum measuring 30 x 30 x 20 mm. The specimen came from a multipara whose last period was from November 26 to December 2, 1899. first copulation after the period on December 15. Due to a surgical operation on January 24 there was continuous hemorrhage until January 3 when the ovum was passed. In the event that conception took place after the last period, this specimen could not be more than 46 days old. Menstrual age, 65 days; copulation age, 46 days.
  • 1390]] Dr. G. N. J. Sommer, Trenton, N. J.) Embryo CR 18 mm. Last period, December 18 to 22. Operation for tubal pregnancy, February 10. Conception took place on December 25, as the Woman was in the habit of using preventive means and same were not used on Christmas eve. Menstrual age, 54 days; copulation age, 47 days. Reliable case.
  • 1584 (Dr. F. H. Church, Bonnville, N. Y.) Embryo, CR 18 mm. Chorion 35 x 31 x 25 mm. Unmarried woman, age 21, first pregnancy. Last period August 15; menstruation regular, every 28 days. Criminal abortion, October 10. Coitus, September 13 and 14. Menstrual age, 56 days; copulation age, 26 and 27 days. Not reliable.
  • 26 (Dr. C. E. Simon, Baltimore.) Fetus, CR 25 mm., CH 30 mm. This specimen, which was somewhat injured and therefore ditficult to measure with precision, was brought to me by Dr. Simon, February 25 C?) 1894 with the following history. The mother, an unmarried Woman 27 years old, was a servant in Dr. Simon’s family, and had but recently come from Germany. She remained at home continually until New Year’s eve, when she went to a ball and remained out all night. Her last period took place on December 12 and lasted six days. During the night of December 31 she was with her lover and the abortion followed on February 25. On January 16, after missing her January period, she took a cupful of mustard powder with the hope that it would produce abortion, but instead it nearly killed her. On January 21, she recovered, and resumed her household duties. (See record of the case by Simon, N. Y. Med. Jour., March 17, 1894.) Later she fell into the hands of an abortionist and the embryo came away during the night of February 24. Dr. Simon assured me at the time of the abortion that it was absolutely impossible for the pregnancy to have taken place at any time excepting the night of December 31. Menstrual age, 75 days; copulation age, 56 days. Reliable case.
  • No. 616 (Dr. S, P. Warren, Portland, Me.) Embryo, CR 26 mm. Unmarried woman, 18 years old; last period began August 9 and continued 7 days. Coitus three times within 9 days after the last period. Curetted after 24 hours of pain, October 13, 1912. Menstrual age, 65 days; copulation age, 56 days (?). Not reliable.
  • No. 1535 (Dr. Philip F. Williams, Philadelphia). Embryo, CR 28 mm. Chorion, 50 x 4.5 x 15 mm. Unmarried woman, 20 years old; first pregnancy. Last period, May 3 to 7. Abortion, July 6. Last coitus, May 10 (?). Menstrual age, 62 days; copulation age, 55 days. Doubtful age, but it falls close to the time of the probable age.
  • No. 373 (Specimen loaned by Prof. Simon H. Gage, Ithaca, N. Y., Cornell Collection, Homo No. 11.) Embryo, CR 31 mm. Last period, May 9. Conception, May 21. Natural miscarriage July 17, after 2 to 3 days bleeding. No other data. According to these records the menstrual age is 69 days and the copulation age 57 days.
  • No. 849 (Dr. Shipley, Baltimore.) Embryo, CR 52.5 mm. Mother, white, unmarried, age 20. Last period, December 11 to 15, 1913. Abortion, March 3. Coitus from Which mother dates pregnancy occurred just after the cessation of the last menstrual period in December, but she admits that she had frequent intercourse previous to this period. Menstrual age, 82 days; copulation age, 77 days ('3) Doubtful case.
  • No. 591 (Dr. G. C. McCormick, Sparrows Point, Md.) Embryo, CR 62 mm. End of last period, January 1, 1912. Coitus, January 7; abortion, March 29. Menstrual age, 93 days; copulation age, not over 82 days.
  • No. 1635 (Dr. Henry Leaman, Philadelphia.) Embryo, CR 70.5 mm. Mother, 40 years old, 9 children. Last period, August 26 to 30; abortion, November 29. Copulation but once about September 3 to 15. Self induced abortion. Menstrual age, 95 days; copulation age, 75 to 87 days. Records contradictory.
  • No. 322 (Dr. West, Bellaire, Ohio.) Embryo, CR 8590 mm. The specimen is probably from an induced abortion. The mother says that fruitful coitus took place on June 17 and the abortion on September 20, copulation age 95 days.
  • No. 1295 c (Dr. L. J. Commiskey, Brooklyn, N. Y.) Embryo, CR 87. Woman, 43 years old, mother of one child and this is her second abortion. Last period, April 24 to 28; abortion, July 27. Woman states with great certainty that the productive coitus took place either May 4 or 6. Menstrual age, 94 days; copulation age, 84 or 82 days. Doubtful case.
  • No. 1310 (Dr. B. G. Pool, Washington, D. C.) Embryo, CR 95 mm. First pregnancy of unmarried Woman, 18 years old. Last period, July 25 to 30, 1915; abortion, November 6. Said to be from a single coitus on August 9. Menstrual age, 104 days; copulation age, 89 days. Doubtful case.
  • No. Template:CE894 (Dr. E. L. Mortimer, Baltimore, Md.) Embryo, CR 121 mm. White mother, age 29, three children and two abortions. Last period, July 24 to 28; criminal abortion, November 21. Husband works on a boat and returned home August 1. Menstrual age, 120 days; copulation age, not over 112 days.
  • No. 142 (Dr. G. H. Hocking, Govans, Md.) Embryo, CR 142 mm. Mother, age 43, has five children. Mcnstruatcd May 29 to June 9; abortion, October 5 after several weeks’ flow. Woman says pregnancy could not have taken place before June 18. Menstrual age. 129 days; copulation age, 109 days. Doubtful case.

1963 Otic Vesicle

O'Rahilly, R. 1963. The early development of the otic vesicle in staged human embryos.[1]

Stage No. Somites
9 1878 2
10 3709 4
391 8
1201 8
5074 10
3710 11
3707 12
9870 12
11 7611 16
470 17
5072 17
8116 17
12 8943 22
8505b 23
9154 24
6097 25
7852 25
8942 25
5923 28
7724 29
Stage No. Mm.
13 836 4.0
7889 4.2
9297 4.5
8581 4.8
8372 5.6
14 8308 5.85
8999 6.0
6503 6.3
8552 6.5
8314 8.0
15 8997 9.0
16 8773 13.0
17 8998 11.0
8789 11.7
18 8355 15.0
9247 15.0

Embryos from References

Carnegie Embryos - Sensenig (1951) - Spinal Cord Meninges 
Age Group
(gestation age) 		Embryo
no. 		Crown Rump
Length 		Thickness of
sections (microns) 		Plane of
section 		Illustration
X (20-22 days) 2795 2.0 (5) 6 Transverse
8244 (6) 8 Transverse
4216 2.17 (7) 15 Transverse
XI (22-24 days) 5074 3.0 (10) 10 Transverse
7611 2 .4 (16) 8 Transverse
2053 3.1 (20) 10 Transverse Fig. 1, pl. 1
XII (24-26 days) 6097 3 .4 (25) 10 Transverse
7724 3.5 (29) 8 Sagittal
7999 3.2 (29) 10 Transverse
XIII (26-28 days) 7889 4.2 6 Frontal
8066 5.3 8 Transverse
8119 5.3 8 Transverse Fig. 2, pl. 1
XIV (28-30 days) 5787 6.8 10 Sagittal
7829 7.0 8 Transverse
8141 7.3 8 Frontal
XV (30-32 days) 721 9.0 15 Transverse Figs. 3, 4, pl. 1
3385 8.3 20 Transverse
6504 7.5 6 Sagittal
6506 7.5 10 Frontal
XVI (32-34 days) 792 8.0 20 Transverse
887 9.0 40 Transverse
6507 9 .0 8 Frontal
6511 8.1 10 Sagittal
6512 7 .0 10 Transverse
6516 10.5 8 Sagittal
6517 10.5 8 Transverse
8112 10.9 8 Frontal
XVII (34-36 days) 6519 10.8 8 Sagittal
6521 13.2 8 Transverse Figs. 5, 6, pl. 1
8101 13.0 10 Transverse
8118 12.6 10 Frontal Fig. 21, pi. 4
XVIII (36-38 days) 4430 14.0 15 Transverse
6524 11 .7 10 Transverse
6525 13.8 8 Sagittal
6528 13 .4 8 Frontal
7707 14.5 10 Transverse
8172 16.5 20 Transverse Figs. 7, 8, pl. 2
8235 14.0 10 Sagittal
XIX (38-40 days) 1390 18.0 20 Sagittal
4405 15.8 10 Transverse
5609 18.0 25 Frontal
8092 16.3 20 Transverse
XX (40-42 days) 2393 23 .1 20 Sagittal
3527 22 .0 25 Sagittal
4059 21.6 15 Frontal
6426 21.5 20 Transverse
7274 18.0 20 Transverse Figs. 9, 10, pl. 2
7906 19.5 20 Frontal
XXI (42-44 days) 7254 22.5 20 Transverse
7392 22.7 20 Transverse Figs. 11, 12, pl. 2: fig. 22, pl. 4
7864 24.0 20 Frontal
XXII (44-46 days) 4339 24.5 15 Transverse
6701 24 .0 20 Frontal
6832 25.8 20 Frontal Fig. 23, pl. 4
XXIII (46-48 days) 4570 30.7 15 Transverse Figs. 13, 14, pl. 3; fig. 24, pl. 4
6573 31.5 20 Transverse Figs. 15, 16, pl. 3
7425 27.0 20 Frontal
Older embryos:
8 weeks 3669 34.0 50 Transverse
5762 34.0 25 Sagittal
5712 35 .0 25 Frontal
1915 35.5 50 Transverse
4021 38 .0 15 Transverse
9 weeks 6658 40.0 40 Sagittal
4985 41.0 20 Transverse
301 44 .0 20 Transverse
1686 46.0 100 Sagittal
4475 48.0 20 Transverse Figs. 19, 20, pl. 4
10 weeks 3990 54.0 20 Transverse
481 57.0 200 Frontal
11 weeks 4229 58.0 20 Transverse
1656 67 .0 200 Sagittal
4291 69 .0 100 Transverse
12 weeks 1455 78.5 50 Sagittal
172 80.0 100 Transverse
72181 80.0 20 Transverse Figs. 17, 18, pl. 3
  • Number of somites given in parentheses.
  • T. transverse; F. frontal or coronal: S. sagittal.
  • Embryo loaned by Department of Embryology. Carnegie Institution of Washington. prepared for study on a U. S. Public Health Service Grant.
Reference: Sensenig EC. The early development of the meninges of the spinal cord in human embryos. (1951) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 611.
Carnegie Embryos - O'Rahilly (1963) Otic Vesicle  
Carnegie Stage Embryo No. Somites
9 1878 2
10 3709 4
391 8
1201 8
5074 10
3710 11
3707 12
9870 12
11 7611 16
470 17
5072 17
8116 17
12 8943 22
8505b 23
9154 24
6097 25
7852 25
8942 25
5923 28
7724 29
13 836 4.0
7889 4.2
9297 4.5
8581 4.8
8372 5.6
14 8308 5.85
8999 6.0
6503 6.3
8552 6.5
8314 8.0
15 8997 9.0
16 8773 13.0
17 8998 11.0
8789 11.7
18 8355 15.0
9247 15.0
Otic Vesicle in Staged Embryos
  • Stage 9 - (1-3 somites) (Plate 1, fig. A) The otic region can first be distinguished in the embryo (No. 1878) of two somites as a thickening on the lateral aspect of the neural fold (Text-fig. 1). It is lined by a basement membrane that is continuous with that of the rhombencephalic neural groove.
  • Stage 10 - (4-12 somites) (Plate 1, fig. B) The nuclei of the otic plate occupy mostly a basal position, leaving a superficial cytoplasmic zone termed the marginal velum. The velum appears to be covered by a terminal bar net (as is the lens at a later stage) and a brush border. Mitotic figures, in this and subsequent stages, are found in the superficial (later central) portion of the plate (as is also the case in the wall of the neural groove and tube). The first indication of invagination of the otic plate is ob- served at ten somites. Neural crest cells, recognizable in this region first at four somites, delaminate from the wall of the neural groove and proceed laterally and ventrally. They are presumed to be the facial, or the so-called acousticofacial, crest.
  • Stage 11 - (13-20 somites) (Plate 1, fig. C) The otic pit forms in the otic plate during this period, in a manner reminiscent of the formation of the lens pit three stages later (Text-fig. 2).
  • Stage 12 - (21-29 somites) (Plate 1, fig. D) The otic vesicle is forming and its cavity communicates with the surface by a narrowing pore.
  • Stage 13 - (30 or more somites; approximately 4-6 mm) (Plate 1, figs. E, F , and Plate 2, figs. G, H) The otic pit becomes closed from the surface to form the otic vesicle, or otocyst, the dorsomedial portion of which can be distinguished as the endolymphatic appendage.
  • Stage 14 - {5-7 mm) As usual, the mitotic figures are placed centrally, that is, near the cavity of the vesicle. Remnants of the connecting stalk may still be seen in some speci- mens. The endolymphatic appendage is set off from the future utricular portion of the vesicle by a developing fold.
  • Stage 15 - (7-9 mm) The utriculo-endolymphatic fold becomes more pronounced. Ventro-medially, the tip of the vesicle represents the cochlear duct. The thickness of the wall of the vesicle varies from one portion to another; the wall of the endolymphatic appendage is becoming thinner.
  • Stage 16 (7-11 mm) - Thickenings in the wall of the main, or vestibular, portion of the vesicle presage the appearance of the semicircular ducts.
  • Stage 17 - (11-14 mm) (Plate 2, fig. I) - Portions of the wall of the vestibular part of the. otic vesicle become thinner and approximated as a prelude to the cellular disintegration that takes place during the formation of the semicircular ducts at the next stage.
  • Stage 18 - (12-17 mm) - During the formation of each of the semicircular ducts from thickened areas of epithelium, the adjacent portions of the epithelium become thinned, the cells lose their individuality, and their basement membrane disappears, so that the tissue merges with the underlying mesoderm (Plate 2, fig. K). Obliteration of the corresponding portions of the cavity of the otic vesicle ensues, so that the hollow ledges are converted into semicircular tubes, and so that continuity of the remaining epithelium and also of the remaining basement membrane is immediately restored. The wall of the semicircular duct opposite the site of sealing is thickened considerably (Plate 2,fig.L).
Reference:O'Rahilly R. The early development of the otic vesicle in staged human embryos. (1963) J Embryol Exp Morphol., 11: 741-55 PMID 14081992
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  Categories: Hearing | Outer Ear | Middle Ear | Inner Ear | Balance

Historic Embryology - Hearing 
Historic Embryology: 1880 Platypus cochlea | 1892 Vertebrate Ear | 1902 Development of Hearing | 1906 Membranous Labyrinth | 1910 Auditory Nerve | 1913 Tectorial Membrane | 1918 Human Embryo Otic Capsule | 1918 Cochlea | 1918 Grays Anatomy | 1922 Human Auricle | 1922 Otic Primordia | 1931 Internal Ear Scalae | 1932 Otic Capsule 1 | 1933 Otic Capsule 2 | 1936 Otic Capsule 3 | 1933 Endolymphatic Sac | 1934 Otic Vesicle | 1934 Membranous Labyrinth | 1934 External Ear | 1938 Stapes - 7 to 21 weeks | 1938 Stapes - Term to Adult | 1940 Stapes | 1942 Stapes - Embryo 6.7 to 50 mm | 1943 Stapes - Fetus 75 to 150 mm | 1946 Aquaductus cochleae and periotic (perilymphatic) duct | 1946 aquaeductus cochleae | 1948 Fissula ante fenestram | 1948 Stapes - Fetus 160 mm to term | 1959 Auditory Ossicles | 1963 Human Otocyst | Historic Disclaimer
Carnegie Embryos - Lineback (1920) - Human Colon Muscle 
Carnegie No. CRL mm
782 26
1199 26
756 27
75 30
86 30
145 32
1358 32
210 35
1591 36
1318 37
922 37
1161 37
362 39
886 43
96 50
538 50
448 52
Reference: Lineback PE. Studies on the longitudinal muscle of the human colon, with special reference to the development of the taeniae. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 50
Carnegie Embryos - Senior (1919) - Lower Limb Blood Vessels 
Embryo CRL Collection Catalogue No.
6.0 mm+ Carnegie Institution, Embryological Collection (C.T.E.C.) 1075
8.5 mm+ Cornell University, Embryological Collection (C.E.C.) 9
12.0 mm+ Cornell University, Embryological Collection (C.E.C.) No. 3.
12.0 mm+ Minnesota, Embryological Collection (M.E.C.) H. 16
14.0 mm Cornell University, Embryological Collection (C.E.C.) 5
17. 5 (?) Harvard University, Embryological Collection (H.E.C.) 839
18.0 mm Carnegie Institution, Embryological Collection (C.I.E.C.) 409
22.0 mm Cornell University, Embryological Collection (C.E.C.) 1
Note: The following embryos have been studied, the right having been reconstructed in all cases. The embryos of which both lower limbs have been reconstructed are marked with an "+"
Reference: Senior HD. The development of the arteries of the human lower extremity. (1919) Amer. J Anat. 22:1-11.
Congdon (1922) Table 1
Table 1. Showing correlation of size of embryos and development of the aortic-arch system.
Embryo No. Length in mm. Arches present. Characteristic features.
Time of establishment of first arch; estimated average length 1.3 mm.; 23d day of development
1878 1.3 I Slightly plexiform. Presomite stage
1201 2 I
391 2 I 7 somites
470 4 I Neuropores open; 14 to 16 somites
2053 3 I; II beginning Anterior neuropore closed; 20 somites; transverse anastomoses between primitive aortae
Template:CE1201b 3 I. II Earlier mandibular aitery; paired longitudinal neural arteries;
836 4 II, III no ventral tract on cord
Just before establishment of fourth arch; estimated average length 4 mm.; 31st day of development
826 5 III, IV Earlier mandibular and hyoid arteries
1075 6 III, IV Subclavian
588 4 III, IV Earlier mandibular and hyoid arteries
873 6 III, IV Ventral arterial tract on cord
988 6 III, IV
1380 4 III, IV, pulmonary arches almost complete
2841 4 III, IV; one so-called fifth arch; pulmonary almost complete Early formation of basilar artery
Just before completion of pulmonary arch; estimated average length 6 mm.; 36th day of development
810 5 III, IV, and pulmonary arches Late stage in formation of basilar artery, Splitting of aortic sac distinct. Unpaired aorta complete
1354 6 III, IV, and pulmonaiy arches
617 7 III, IV, two so-called fifth arches, and pulmonary arches Subclavian artery surrounded by brachial plexus. Splitting of sac well marked. Islands at end of basilar artery
792 8 III, IV, and pulmonary arches Pulmonary and IV arches widely separated below
1121 11 III, IV, and pulmonary arches Right pulmonary artery small; basilar rounded; IV and pulmonary still farther apart
721 9 III, IV, and pulmonary arches Cervical segmental arteries becoming interrupted
163 9 III, IV, and pulmonary arches Anastomoses of cervical segmental arteries to form the vertebral artery are nearly complete
Time of interruption of pulmonary arch and of branchial period; estimated average length 12 mm 45th day of development
1771 13 III, IV, left pulmonary and remnant of right pulmonary arch
544 10 Vertebral artery complete; identity of arches disappearing; beginning of period of rapid descent of heart and arteries
940 14 Definitive aortic arch just taking form. Right dorsal aorta between III and IV interrupted. Remnants still distinguishable. Main pulmonary channel from heart to aorta nearly straight
1909 15 Common carotid elongated
492 16 Right dorsal aorta distal to IV patent but slender
Template:CE74 16 End of period of descent. Definitive aortic arch has curve of large radius. Short segment of right dorsal aorta distal to subclavian drawn out in slender thread
End of period of rapid descent of heart and arteries; estimated average length 18 mm.; 50th day of development
1390 18 Definitive aortic arch sharply bent
460 20 Summit of definitive aortic arch at superior thoracic aperture
2937 24 Sternal bands in contact through most of their length
886 43 Origin of right and left pulmonaiy" branches in contact through most of their length
   Age estimates based on Keibel F. and Mall FP. Manual of Human Embryology II. (1912) J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. curve of length and age.    Table as image   Table Reference: Congdon ED. Transformation of the aortic-arch system during the development of the human embryo. (1922) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ 277, 14:47-110.

Numbered Embryo Links

Carnegie Collection - Carnegie Embryos Sorted by Stage 
Carnegie Collection - Stage 3 
Serial No. Normality No. of Blastomeres Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8663 normal 107 103x80 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Hertig etal.(1954)[2]
8794 normal 58 108x86 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Hertig etal.(1954)[2]
Abbreviations
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 5 
Serial No. Stage Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8020 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[3]
8155 5a Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[4]
8225 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945b)[5]
8004 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[3]
8171 5b Exc Alc. C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[4]
8215 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945c)[6]
9350 5b Exc Bouin ? ? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1955 Heuser (1956)[7]
4900 5c Poor p P 10 p 1925 Incomplete. Streeter (1926)[8]
7699 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hertig and Rock (1941)[9]
7700 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Hertig and Rock (1941)[9]
7771 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7950 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hertig and Rock (1944)[10]
8000 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Abnormal
8139 5c Exc. ? C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Incomplete. Marchetti (1945)[11]
8299 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8329 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8330 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8370 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946 Abnormal
8558 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1947
Stage 5 was originally subdivided into 3 sequential parts a, b, c.

Abbreviations

  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ O'Rahilly, R. 1963. The early development of the otic vesicle in staged human embryos. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol, 11, 741-755. PMID 14081992
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. Adams EC. and Mulligan W.J. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. (1954) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35: 199-220.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hertig AT. and Rock J. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 65-84.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1949. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about eight and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. Embryol., 33, 169-186
  5. ↑ Hertig AT. and Rock J. On a normal human ovum not over 7.5 days of age. (1945) Anat. Rec. 91: 281.
  6. ↑ Hertig, A. T., and Rock J. 1945c. On a normal ovum of approximately 9 to 10 days of age. Anat. Rec, 91,281.
  7. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1956. A human ovum with an estimated ovulation age of about nine days. Anat. Rec, 124, 459.
  8. ↑ Streeter, G. L. 1926. The "Miller" ovum—the youngest normal human embryo thus far known. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 363, Contrib. Embryol., 18, 31-48.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1941. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having an ovulation age of about eleven and twelve days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29, 127-156.
  10. ↑ Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1944. On the development of the early human ovum, with special reference to the trophoblast of the previllous stage: a description of a normal and 5 pathologic human ova. Amer. J. Obstet Gynecol, 47, 149-184.
  11. ↑ Marchetti AA. A pre-villous human ovum accidentally recovered from a curettage specimen. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 107-115.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 6 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
6026 Poor ? ? 6? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Lockyer embryo. Abnormal. Ramsey (1937)
6734 Poor Zenker—acetic P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Yale embryo. Ramsey (1938)
6900 Poor Formol P 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Linzenmeier (1914)
7634 Poor Formol P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1940 Torpin embryo. Kraflca (1941)
7762 Good Zenker—formol P 8 ? 1940 Wilson (1945)
7800 Exc. ? C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7801 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
7850 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
8290 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 H. phlox. 1944
8360 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944
8362 Poor p C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox 1944
8672 Exc. Ale. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949
8819 Exc. Formol—chrom. subl. C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 Edwards-Jones-Brewer (H1496). Brewer (1937, 38)[1][2]
8905 Poor Ale. p 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951 Abnormal
8910 Good Formol C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951
9222 Good Bouin C—P 6 & 10 Azan 1954 Abnormal. Possibly stage 7
9250 Exc. Bouin p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
9595 Poor p p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1958
10003 Good Bouin p 5 Various 1963
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Brewer JI. A normal human ovum in a stage preceding the primitive streak (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). (1937) Amer. J Anat., 61: 429-481.
  2. ↑ Brewer JI. A human embryo in the bilaminar blastodisc stage (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). (1938) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 496, 27: 85-93.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 7 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
7802 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
8206 Good p C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943
8361 Good Bouin C-P 10 p 1946 Abnormal
8602 Exc. Alc. C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1948
8752 Exc. ? C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
8755 Exc. Formol C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
9217 Exc. p P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 8 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1399 Poor Formol P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1916 "Mateer embryo" described by Streeter (1920a)[1]
3412 Poor Formol P Transverse 5-15 Al. coch. E. au., or. 1921
5960 Good Kaiserling P Transverse 5 Al. coch. & eosin 1929 Heuser (1932b)[2]
6630 Poor Formol P Oblique 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932
6815 Poor Formol P Oblique 10 Al. coch., or. G 1933
7170a and b 7545 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1935 Twins
7568 Poor Formoi C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7640 Good Formol & Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 George (1942)[3]
7666 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 "H. 1515"
7701 Exc. ? C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939
7822 Good Formoi C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940
7949 Good Zenker p Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1941
7972 Good Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942
8255 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944 Slides showing embryo returned to Dr. Patten in 1962
8320 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8352 Good Formol C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8371 Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8671 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949
8725 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Preparation method described by Heard (1957)[4]
8727 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Germ disc folded, possibly double (Hertig, 1968, fig. 180)[5]
8820 Good Zenker-formol ? Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 "Jones-Brewer I" (H. 1459) described by Jones and Brewer (1941)[6]
9009a and b 9123 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1952 Twins described briefly by Heuser (1954)[7]
8371 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1953
9251 Good ? C-P Sagittal 10-12 Azan, H. & phlox. 1954
9286 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1955
10157 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse ? Cason 1967
10174 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 8 Cason 1967
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Streeter GL. A human embryo (Mateer) of the pre-somite period. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 389-424.
  2. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1932b. A presomite human embryo with a definite chorda canal. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 433, Contrib. Embryol., 23, 251-267.
  3. ↑ George, W. C. 1942. A presomite human embryo with chorda canal and prochordal plate. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 541, Contrib. Embryol., 30, 1-7.
  4. ↑ Heard OO. Methods used by C. H. Heuser in preparing and sectioning early embryos. (1957.) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36, 1-18.
  5. ↑ Hertig, A. T. 1968. Human Tropboblast. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.
  6. ↑ Jones HO. and Brewer JI. A human embryo in the primitive-streak stage (Jones-Brewer ovum I). (1941) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29: 157-165.
  7. ↑ Heuser, C. H. 1954. Monozygotic twin human embryos with an estimated ovulation age of 17 days. Anat. Rec, 118, 310.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 9 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1878 2-3 Embryo, 1.38
Ch., 12x10.5x7.5		 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Described by Ingalls (1920).[1]
5080 1 Embryo, 1.5
Ch., 14.5		 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1926 Studied by Davis (1927).[2]
7650 2-3 Embryo, 2-3 Good Alc & Bouin C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Said to be female[3]
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Ingalls, N.W. 1920. A human embryo at the beginning of segmentation, with special reference to the vascular system. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 274, Contrib. Embryol., 11, 61-90.
  2. ↑ Davis, C. L. 1927. Development of the human heart from its first appearance to the stage found in embryos of twenty paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 380, Contrib. Embryol., 19, 245-284.
  3. ↑ PARK WW. (1957). The occurrence of sex chromatin in early human and macaque embryos. J. Anat. , 91, 369-73. PMID: 13448995
Carnegie Collection - Stage 10 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
391 8 E, 2 Ch., 14 Good Formalin P 10 Al. coch. 1907 Monograph by Dandy (1910)[1]
1201 7 E,2 Ch.. 144 Good Formalin P 8 H. & or. G. 1915 Univ. Chicago No. H 87
2795 4-5 E,2 Poor Alc. P 6 Al coch,or.G. 1919
3707 12 E, 1 5 Good Formalin P 12.5 I. H. 1921 Univ. Calif. No. H 197
3709 4 E. 1.4 Ch.. 14.8 Poor Formalin P 10 Erythrosin 1921 Univ. Chicago No H 279
3710 12 E., 3.6 Ch., 19.0 Good Formalin C-P 10 H. & or. G. 1921 Univ. Chicago No. H 392
4216 8 E, 2 Ch, 9.8 Good Formalin P 15 ? 1923 Monograph by Payne (1925)[2]
5074 10 E., 3.3 Ch., 10.8 Exc. Bouin P 10 Al. coch. 1925 Univ. Rochester No. H 10. Monograph by Corner (1929)[3]
6330 7 E, 2.83 Good P 5 Ehr. H. 1931 Univ. Chicago No. H 1404
6740 12 E., 2.2 Good p C-P 8 ? 1933 Litzenberg embryo. Studied by Boyden (1940)
7251 8 E., 1.27 Good Formalin C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 "Singapore embryo." Univ. Cambridge No. H 98.
Studied by Wilson (1914)[4]
8244 6 E., 1.55 Ch, 8,5 Good Alc. C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) phlox. 1944
9870 12 Ch, ca. 8 Good Zenker P 5 Various, chiefly carmine 1952 Univ. Chicago. No. H 637. Dicephaly
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
  • All Carnegie stage 10 embryos are cut in Transverse plane.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 11 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
12 14 E, 2.1 Ch, 13 Poor P Transverse 10 Al. carm. 1893
164 18 E, 3.5 Ch, 14 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1913
318 13/14 E, 2.5 Ch, 16 Good P Transverse 25 Al. carm. 1905
470 17 E, 4.3 Ch, 16 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm. . 1910
779 14 E, 2.75 Good C Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1913 Dysraphism. Noted by Dekaban (1964)[5]
1182b E, 3 Ch, 15x12x5 Good Formalin ? Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1915
2053 20 E, 3.1 Ch, 12 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1918 Most advanced in group. Ag added to slide 2
Monographs by Davis (1923)[6] and Congdon (1922)[7]
4315 17 E, 4.7 Ch, 23x10.4X11 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 10 I.H. & E. 1923 Univ. Chicago No. 951. Wen (1928)[8]
4529 14 E, 2.4 Ch, 21 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1924 Heuser (1930)[9]
4783 13 E, 2.3 Fair ? ? Transverse 5 I.H. 1924 Wallin (1913)[10]
4877 13 E, 2 Ch, 15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1925
5072 17 E, 3 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1925 Tubal Type specimen. Atwell (1930)[11]
6050 19/21 E.,3 Ch, 10 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1930 Advanced
6344 13 E, 2.5 Ch, 17 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 Al. coch. 1931 Least advanced in group
6784 17 E, 5 Ch, 16 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 I.H, or. G. 1933
7358 16 E, ? Ch, 15 Poor Alc, formol p Oblique 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7611 16 E., 2.4 Ch., 12 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7665 19 E., 4.36 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 6 1939 Univ. Chicago No. H 1516
7702 17 E, 3.7 Ch., 14 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1940 Returned to B M Patten
7851 13 E., 4.3 Ch, 18 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Slightly injured
8005 16/17 E, 3 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal
8116 17 E, 14 Ch.. 17 Good Formalin p Sagittal 8 Azan 1953
8962 15 E, 1.55 Good ? * Sagittal ? ? 1952 Tubal Univ. Chicago No. H 810
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ Dandy WE. A human embryo with seven pairs of somites measuring about 2 mm in length. (1910) Amer. J Anat. 10: 85-109.
  2. ↑ Payne, F. 1925. General description of a 7-somite human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 361, Contrib. Embryol., 16,115-124.
  3. ↑ Corner GW. A well-preserved human embryo of 10 somites. (1929) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 394, 20:81-102.
  4. ↑ Wilson JT. Observations upon young human embryos. (1914) J Anat Physiol., 48(3): 315-51 PMID 17233002 PMC1288949
  5. ↑ Dekaban AS. and Bartelmez GW. Complete Dysraphism in 14 Somite Human Embryo. (1964) A Contribution To Normal And Abnormal Morphogenesis. Am. J. Anat. 115: 27-38. PMID 14199785
  6. ↑ Davis CL. Description of a human embryo having twenty paired somites. (1923) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 332, Contrib. Embryol., 15: 1-51.
  7. ↑ Congdon ED. Transformation of the aortic-arch system during the development of the human embryo. (1922) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ 277, 14:47-110.
  8. ↑ Wen IC. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites (1928) J. Comp. Neural., 45: 301-376.
  9. ↑ Heuser CH. A human embryo with 14 pairs of somites. (1930) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 22:135-153.
  10. ↑ Wallin IE. A human embryo of thirteen somites. (1913) Amer. J Anat. 15(3): 319-331.
  11. ↑ Atwell WJ. A human embryo with seventeen pairs of somites. (1930) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 407, 21: 1-24.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 12 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
209 ca_24 EH3 Ch.,15 Poor Alc P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1902
250 19? E , 2 (11, 10x9x9 Poor p ? Sagittal 20 Al. coch. p
384 P E 2_5 Ch.,13 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H.&E. 1907 Macerated. Narrow yolk stalk
486 21 E.,4 Ch., 22 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 Al. Coch. 1911
1062 29 E.,4.5 Ch., 20 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1915 Transitional to next stage
2197 ? E_,5_3 Ch., 19.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1918
4245-7 ca.24 E.,3.5 Ch., 24 Good Alc, formol P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1923 Caudal neuropore widely open
4479 P E.,5 .8 Ch , 17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1923 Macerated. Upper lirnb buds not visible
4736 26 E.,3.0 Ch.,20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1924 No upper limb buds. Caudal neuropore closed
4759 ? E.,4.5 Ch.,15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Neural tube folded
4784 23 E_,3 Good P P Transverse 10 p 1924
5035 25-28 E.,3.8 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5048 ca_25 E_,3_5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925 Tubal Injured
5056 25 E,,3 Ch.,12 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5206 ? E.,4 Ch., 51x31x30 Poor ?? P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Tubal
5300 ? E., 4.5 Ch,16.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Autopsy. Partly macerated
5923 28 E.,4 Ch.,15 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1929
6097 25 E,3.4 Ch., 12.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch, eosin 1930 Tubal Ag added to slides 1-3
6144 27 E. 3.3 Ch.,11 Good Lysol—Zenker C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1930
6488 28 E, 32 Ch,22 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1932
6937 26 E.,3 Ch , 12 Poor Formalin C—P Coronal 10 I.H.,or.G. 1934 Tubal Caudal neuropore closed
7724 ca.29 E,3.5 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C—P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Caudal end broken
7852 25 E , 3.7 Ch,26 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Typical for stage 12
7999 ca.28 E,3.2 Ch , 15 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Caudal defect
8505a 24 Ch, 23.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse P H. Phlox. 1947
8505b 23 Ch,24 Exc. Formalin C-P Sagittal p Azan 1947 Twins
8941 28 E,4.9 Ch, 35 Exc. Zenker C-P Transverse 6 I.H. 1927 Univ. Chicago No. H 1261
8942 25 E, 38 Ch, 35 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Coronal 5 11-1. 1930 Univ. Chicago No. H 1382
8943 22 E. 3.9 Ch, 20.4 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Transverse 8 H.&E. 1934 Univ. Chicago No. H 1481
8944 25 E,4 Ch,,25 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Sagittal 8 I.H. 1936 Univ. Chicago No. H 1514
8963 22 E, 3.8 Ch , 14.5 Fair Formalin C-P Transverse 10 I.H. 1928 Univ. Chicago. No. H 1093 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
8964 23 E,2.8 Ch - 25 Poor Formalin p Transverse 8 I.H. 1928 Univ_ Chicago No. H984 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
9154 24 E, 5 4 Exc Formalin C-P Transverse I.H. & phlox. 1953
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wen IC. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites (1928) J. Comp. Neural., 45: 301-376.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 13 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1 E.,4.5 Ch., 30x30 Poor Salicylic acid P Transverse 10 Hemat. 1887 Obtained by Mall while student
19 E., 5.5 Ch., 18x14 Poor p ? Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
98 E., 4 Ch., 24x16x9 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1896
76 E., 4.5 Ch., 22x20 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
112 E., 4 Poor p P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p
116 E., 5 Poor p ? Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1898
148 E.,4.3 Ch., 17x14x10 Poor Alc. P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1899 Abnormal. Nasal discs fused
186 E.,3.5 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1901
239 E., 3.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1903
248 E., 4.5 Ch., 30x23x15 Poor p ? Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1904
407 E.,4 Ch., 14x13X7 Poor Formalin ? Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1907
463 E., 3.9 Ch., 17x12x7 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1910
523 E., 5 Ch., 25x25x15 Fair Formalin P Transverse p Al. coch. 1911
588 E., 4.0 Ch., 19x15x8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1912 Advanced
786 E., 4.5 Ch., 19x10x10 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 15 Al. coch. 1913
800 E., 6.0 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 H 1913 Curettage. Anencephaly
808 E.,4.0 Poor Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Tubal Incomplete
826 E., 5.0 Ch., 13x13x9 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914 Shrunken
836 E.,4.0 Ch., 22x18x11 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Less advanced
963 E.,4.0 Ch., 23x18x16 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1914
1075 E.,6.0 Ch., 46x32x20 Exc. Corros. acetic P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1915 Most advanced in group
3956 E., 4.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1922 Tubal Incomplete
4046 E.,5 Ch., 22x20x20 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1922
5541 E., 6.0 Ch., 35x30x20 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1927
5682 E., 5.3 Ch., 29x25x13 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1928
5874 E., 4.8 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Hysterotomy. Bromides only
6032 E., 5.8 Ch., 30x24x13 Poor Formalin P P ? p 1929 Not good enough to cut
6469 E., 5.0 Ch., 25x18x18 Poor Formalin P P P P 1932 Fragmented on cutting. Not saved
6473 E., 5.0 Ch, 30x30x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 6 Al. coch. 1932 Less advanced. Ag added
7433 E., 5.2 Ch., 15x13x13 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937 Tubal
7618 E, 48 Ch, 18x15x15 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hystereaomy. Advanced. Ag added
7669 E, 5.0 Ch., 23x16x14 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hysterectomy. Least advanced in group, Ag added
7889 E, 4.2 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hysterectomy
8066 E,53 Ch , 20x18xI8 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hysterectomy. Ag added to slide 2
8119 E., 5.3 Ch., 32x28x6.5 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hysterectomy
8147 E., 5.2 Ch., 27x21x19 Poor Formalin ? ? p p 1943 Tubal Not cut
8239 E., 4.3 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 H. phlox. 1944
8372 E., 5.6 Exc. Alc.& Bouin P Transverse 10 Azan 1946
8581 E., 4.8 Good Kaiserling C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1948 Most-advanced third
8967 E., 5.7 Exc. Acetic Zenker C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 Head injured. Univ. Chicago No. H1426
9296 E,4.5 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 Azan 1955
9297 E., 4.5 Exc. C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1955
9697 E., 5.5 Bouin 1956 not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 14 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
4 E.,7 Poor p P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1892
18 E.,7 Ch., 18x18 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
80 E., 5.0 Ch., 24x18x8 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
187 E.,7 Ch., 35x30x25 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
1208 E.,7 Ch., 22x11Xx1 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
245 E.,6 Ch., 13x12x10 Poor Formol, Zenker ? Transverse 5 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1904
372 E.,7 Fair p P Transverse 10 H.-Congo red 1902
380 E,6 Ch., 20x20x14 Poor p P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906
387 E.,7 Ch., 45x40x50 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
442 E.,6 Ch., 25x20 Poor Formalin P Coronal? 50 Al. coch. 1908
552 E.,6 Ch, 40x28Xx8 Poor p P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Possible anencephaly
560 E., 7.0 Ch, 24x24 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1912
676 E., 6.0 Ch, 35x20x17 Good Carnoy P Tr.-Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Possible spina bifida
873 E,6.0 Ch., 35x28x16 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1914
988 E,6.0 Ch., 38x30x23 Good Formol-corros. acetic P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914
1380 E , 5.7 Ch, 36x24x24 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1916
1620 E, 6.6 Ch, 35x30x8 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916
?? E, 6.68 Fair ? ? Transverse 6 Al. coch., or. G 1919
2841 E , sy Ch. 35x21 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920
3360 E.6.0 Good Formalin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920 In myomatous uterus. Advanced.
3805 E., 5.9 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1921 Evans embryo No. 168. Serial bromides only
3960 E., 5.5 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1922 Blood vessels naturally injected
4154 E, 6.8 Ch., 33x31x20 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1923
4245-6 E., 7.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1923 Univ. Pennsylvania No. 40. Ag added
4692 E., 6.5 Ch., 32x23 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924
4672 E,8.2 Ch., 40X34X25 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1924 Advanced
4805 E., 7.3 Ch., 15X8X9 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Tubal
5437 E., 7.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Advanced
5654 E., 5.0 Ch., 30x23x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928 Less advanced
5787 E., 6.8 Ch., 32x30x23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928
6428 E., 7.0 Ch., 30X28X25 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6, 10 Al. coch. 1931 Advanced
6500 E, 4.9* Good Souza? C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6502 E., 6.7* Exc. Souza? C-P Transverse 5, 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin. Ag added to slides 1-25
6503 E., 6.3* Exc. Souza? C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6739 E.,8 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6830 E,5.5 Ch., 47x23x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6848 E., 7.8 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal
7324 E, 6.6 Ch., 17x13x10 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 Low implantation
7333 E, 6.3 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7394 E, 7.2 Ch., 45x20x20 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7400 E, 6.3 Ch., 35x25x20 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7522 E., 7.7 Ch., 33x16x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Natural blood injection
7598 E., 7.0 Ch., 30x30x25 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Macerated
7667 E., 5 Ch., 16x14x12 Fair Formalin P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1939
7829 E., 7.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Advanced
7870 E,7.2 Ch., 25x20x13 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 On borderline of next stage. Ag added
8141 E,7.3 Ch.,33x28 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Shrinkage cracks in brain
8306 E.5.3 Ch., 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8308 E, 5.85 Ch., 27x18x18 Exc. Formol & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1945
8314 E,8 Ch.,23x22 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1945
8357 E., 6.5 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1946
8552 E,6.5 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1947
8999 E,6 Ch.,16x15 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1952
9695 E,8.5 ? 1955 Not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 15 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
2 E., 7.0 Ch., 25x25x25 Good Alc. P Transverse 15 Al. carm. 1888 Least-advanced third
88 E.,8 Ch., 30x28x15 Poor Alc. P Coronal P Al. coch. 1897
113 E.,8 241 E,6.0 Poor P p Sagittal 10 Borax carmine ?
241 E,6.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1904
371 E,6.6 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1913 Shrunken and cracked
389 E., 9 Poor p p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907 Tubal
721 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x20x10 Exc. Zenker formol P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Median in group
810 E., 7.0 Ch, 30x25x15 Good Alc. P Sagittal 20 Al. coch 1913
855 E.,7.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 1914 Pathological between limbs
1006 E,9.0 Ch., 37x26x22 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1914 Operative. Most-advanced third
1091 E,7.2 Ch., 28x26x20 Poor P P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1915 Macerated
1354 E,7.8 Ch, 35x30x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Least-advanced third
1767 E , 11.0 Ch, 41x23x5 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1917 Most-advanced third
2743 E., 7.2 Ch., 19xl8x14 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1919 Macerated. Least-advanced third
3216 E, 6.5 Ch, 30x30x5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1920 Hysterectomy. Least-advanced third
3385 E,83 Ch., 25x20x16 Exc. Corros. acetic P Trans. 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1921 Some sections lost. Most-advanced third. Ag added
3441 E,8.0 Ch., 25x24x20 Good Formalin P Sag. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3512 E,8,5 Ch., 33x28x25 Good Formalin P Trans. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3952 E,6,7 Ch., 30x25x15 Good Formalin P Cor. 15 Al. coch. 1922 Median in group
4602 E,9.3 Ch,, 33x30x26 Good Formalin P Sag. 15 Al. coch. 1924 Medical abortion
4782 E,9.0 Ch., I4xl3x11 Poor Formalin P Cor. 20 Al. coch. 1924
5772 E, 8 Poor ? P Cor. 15 Al. coch. eosin 1928
Template:CE5?92 E, 3 Good Corros. acetic C-P Cor. 10 Al. coch. phlox 1929 Transitional to next stage
6223 E ? Poor Alc. C-P Sag. 8 Or. G. 1930 Fragmented sections. Not saved
6504
6506
6508
6595
????
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 16 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
163 E., 9.0 Ch., 35x35x20 Good Formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1899 Used by Bardeen and Lewis
221 E., 7.5 Ch., 40x33x33 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1903 Macerated
383 E., 7.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm., H. & Congo red 1904
397 E., 8.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
422 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x30x30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1910 Tubal. Partly macerated
559 E., 8.6 Ch., 20x15x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1911 Cyclopia. Formerly listed as stage 17
589 E., 11 Ch., 30x13x13 Poor p P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 1912
617 E., 7.0 Ch., 18x14x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1912 Median in group
636 E., 10 Ch.,28x28x22 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1913 Macerated
651f E., 7 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor p p p p p 1913 Spina bifida
675 E., 10 Ch., 50x30x25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Carmine 1915 Abnormal head and limbs
792 E., 8.0 Ch., 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1913 Advanced
887 E, 9.0 Ch., 31x28x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1914 Near next stage
1121 E., 11.8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Operative. Median in group
1197 E., 10.0 Ch., 23x19x15 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), or. G. 1915 Advanced
1544 E., 7.2 Good Zenker P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Tubal. Mechanical injury
1836 E., 11.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Most-advanced third
4677 E., 9.5 Ch., 48x36x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1924 Median in group
5515 E., 12.0 Ch., 47x37x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Near next stage
6054 E., 7,0 Ch., 21x17x12 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Least-advanced third
6507 E., 9.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 & 8 Al. coch. p Middle or most-advanced third
6509 E. 8.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Least-adianced or middle third
6510 E., 10.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Close to No. 6507. Ag added
6511 E, 8.1* Good Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., iron H. p Surface injured by fixative. Most-advanced third
6512 E., 7.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. p Least-advanced third. Borderline
6513 E., 7.2* Good Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Surface injured by fixative. Least advanced in group
6514 E, 9 0* Poor Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third
6516 E., 10 5* Good Corros acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third. Double left kidney and ureter
6517 E., 10.5* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8 Al. coch. ? Close to No. 6516
6686 E., 11.0 Ch., l7x17xP Poor Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1933 Tubal. Partly macerated
6750 E., 10.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Tubal. Advanced
6909 E., 11.0 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Advanced
6931 E., 8.8 Ch., 3""x 33x16 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al coch., phlox. 1934 Least-advanced third. Type specimen
6950 E.. 9 0 Ch., 3lx20x18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Partly fragmented
7?15 E., 9.7 Exc Bouin C-P Coronal 10 H. & phlox 1935 Operative. Less advanced
7629 E., 11.5 Ch., 31x31 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox 1939 Hysterectomy. Most advanced in group
7804 E., 9.5 Ch., 26x21x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Least-advanced third
7897 E., 12.2 Ch., 31x24x23 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Tubal. Advanced
8098 E., 10.0 Ch., 30 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal. Median in group
8112 E., 10.9 Excellent Bouin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Most-advanced third
8179 E., 11.9 Ch., 23x18x17 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Tubal
8436 E., 10.9 Ch., 13x15x1? Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Advanced
8692 E., 10 Good Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Rubella. Medical abortion. Mechanically damaged
8697 E., 11.3 Poor Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Perhaps stage 17
8773 E, 11 Excellent Bouin P Coronal 10 Azan 1950
8971 E., 10 Ch., 20.5x14.5x13.7 Poor Formalin Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Synophthalmia. Univ. Chicago No. H 1439
Template:CE9055 E., ca. 10 Excellent Bouin P Transverse 20 Azan & Ag 1953 Damaged
9229 E, 9.5 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 6 Ag & (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954 Stage 15, 16, or 17? Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 17 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
353 E, 11.0 Ch., 40x35x20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906 Very advanced
485 E, 13.0 Ch., 33x25 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Injected (India ink)
544 E., 11.5 Ch., 30 Good Zenker-Formol P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Operative Injected (India ink)
562 E, 13.0 Ch., 28x17x17 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Al. coch. 1912 Advanced
623 E 10.1 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1912 Operative. Median in group
695 E, 13.5 Ch., 40x40x17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1913 Macerated
916 E, 11.0 Ch, 30x30x16 Good Bouin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1915 Most-advanced third
940 E, 14.0 Ch, 28x23x21 Good Formalin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1914 Advanced
1232 E, 14.5 Ch., 35x35x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Close to No.1267A
1267A E-a 145 Ch., 35x30x26 40 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin). or. G 1915 Excellent CN.S.
1267B ?? E, 125 Good Formalin p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Tubal
5642 E, 11.5 Ch.. 33x30x17 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1928 Right upper limb injured
5893 E.. 13.2 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1929 Most advanced in group
6258 E. 14.0 Ch 48x35x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Median in group
6519 E.. 10.8* Exc Corrov acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. ? Least-advanced or middle third
6520 E., 14.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. P Median in group. Ag added to slides 1-25
6521 E., 13.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8-18 Al. coch. ? Sections vary in thinness
6631 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Tubal. Advanced
6742 E, 11.0 Ch.,50x40x15 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 12 H. & phlox. 1933 Good primary germ cells
6758 E., 12.8 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Least—advanced third
7317 E, 10.0* Good P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 His embryo “Ru." Every third section
7436 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 30 Al. coch. 1937 Most-advanced third
8101 E., 13.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Operative
8118 E., 12.6 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Middle third
8253 E., 11.2 Ch.,30x20x10 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox. 1944 Operative. Least advanced in group
8789 E., 11.7 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1950
8969 E., 11.2 Exc. ? p Transverse 15 Azan 1919 Univ. Chicago No. H566
8998 E., 11.0 Exc. ? C-P Coronal 10 Azan 1952
9100 E., 12.0 Ch., 12x13x10 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1933 Univ. Chicago No. H1475
9282 E, 12.0 Ch., 16 Good Ale. p Transverse 15 Ag 1955 Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 18 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Semi. ducts P.-M. duct (mm) Year Notes
109 E., 12.0* Ch.,30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1 0.4 1897 Tubal Least—advanced third
144 E., 16.0* Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. eoch. 3 0.85 1899 Most—advanced third
175 E., 13.0 Ch, 30x25x25 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1900 Tubal Partly macerated
296 E., 17.0 Poor Ale. P Coronal 20 Various 3 0.85 1905 Most—advanced third
317 E., 16.0 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 2 0.7 1905 Middle third
351 E.,14.0* Good Formalin P Coronal 250 Slightly carmine— 2 038 1904 Injected (Berlin blue)
406 E., 16.0 Ch., 40x40x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.7 1907 Operative. Most—advanced third
423 E., 15.2 Good Formol—Zenker P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 0.85 1904
424 E., 172 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 10 1904 Double infection. Advanced
492 E, 16.8 Ch, 40 x 40 Exc. Zenker P Coronal 40 Al. coch. v 3 0.7 1911 Injected (India ink)
511 E., 160* Ch., 3?* 32x32 Good Ale. P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 3 1.1 1911 Head injured. Most advanced in group
670 E, 12.5 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 10 1913 Tubal Advanced
719 E, 15.0 Ch, 50x50x50 Good Formalin P Trans 40 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
733 E., Ch., 4Sx40x2S ISO Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
841 E. 15.0 Ch., 18 x 16x9 Good Formalin P Coronal & Trans, 20 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), carmine 2 0.32 1914 Operative. Head cut separately
899 E, 160* Ch. 50 x 18 x IS Good Bouin P Sagittal S0 Al. coch. 3 0,65 1914 Tubal Head injured
991 E. l?.0 Good Formalin P Sag so R, V, Gieson 3 0.9 1914 Advanced
1909 E., 14.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch,or. G. 1 0.3 1917 Less advanced
2673 E.,15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.52 1919 Median in group
4430 E., 14.0 Ch, 51 x40x21 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch,or. G. 3 0.9 1923 Most—advanced third
5542B E., 16.0 Ch, 37x32x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.7 1927 Other twin abnormal
5747 E, 15.2 Ch, 32x27x25 Poor Alc.—formol P Sagittal 25 Al. coch. 2 0.25 1928 Least—advanced or middle third
5935A E, 13.5 Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1 0.38 1929 Other twin stunted
6522 E, 13.2* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 3 0.8 7 Middle or most—advanced third
6524 E, 11.7* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1 0.4 ? Least—advanced third
6525 E, 13.8* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. 2 0.42 ? Weak staining
6527 E, 14.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 2 0.67 ? Mechanical damage
6528 E, 13.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 8 Al. coch. 1 0.33 ? Least—advanced third
6529 E, 15.6* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 2 0.4 .5 Middle third
6533 E, 12.5* Good Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 6, 8, 10 Al. coch. 2 0.45 ? Middle third
6551 E, 18.0 Poor Formalin p Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.8 1932 Tubal
7707 E, 14.5 Ch ,37x32 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 2 0.54 1939 Operative. Middle third
8097 E, 15.5 Ch, 37x25x21 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1 0.19 1942 Least advanced in group
8172 E, 16.5 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.58 1943 Operative. Very advanced
8235 E, 14.0* Good Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) Mallory 2 0.25 1944 Tubal
8355 E, 15.0 Ch, 23 Exc. Formalin C—P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Tubal. Duplicated spinal cord caudally
8812 E, 12_9 Exc Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Rubella. Medical abortion. Midbrain punctured
8945 E, 13.9 Good Zenker p Transverse 8 Borax, carm. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 1254
9107 E, 17.0 Ch, 38x28x22 Good Bouin p Transverse 15 Borax, carm. 1918 Univ. Chicago No. H 516
9247 E, 15.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 8 Azan 1954 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 19 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Score Sex Year Notes
17 E, 18 Ch, 40x30x20 Poor Alc. P 50, 100 Al. carm. 16.5 Male 1894
43 E, 16 Good Alc. P 50 Al. coch. 10 Male 1894
293 E, 19 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 16.5 S 1905
390 E, 19 Good Formol? P Sagittal 20, (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 11.5 Male 1906 Tubal Injected

50

409 E.18 Ch, 50x40x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Copper, iron H. & erythrosin 14.5 Male 1907
432 E..18.5 Ch , 45x35x20 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 13.5 Male 1910 Tubal
576 E. 17 Ch, 60x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 15, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 d 1912 Tubal
626 E., 21.5 Ch., 40x30x21 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 14_5 6 1913
6??8 E, 20 Ch, ca. 30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 12 9 1913 Head damaged
709 E, 19 Ch. 40x35x25 Poor Alc. P Coronal 40 Al. coch, Lyons blue 15 49 1913
837 E. 21 Ch. 65x45x Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 14.5 P 1914
1324 E., 18 50x30x18 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 125 79 1915
1332 E., 19 Ch., 40x43x22 Poor Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 15 Male 1915
1390 E., 18 Ch, 40x38x15 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 10_5 Male 1915 Tubal
1534 E., 13 Ch.,35x31x25 Poor Formalin P 53% 50 Al. coch. 13.5 F 1916 Protruding midbrain
2114 E., 19.3 Ch., 49x42x33 Good Formol P Transverse 40 A1. coch. 12 M 1918
4405 E., 15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Coch, Mallory 13.5 <3 1923 Midbrain injured
4501 E, 18 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 Coch, or. G. 14.6 1924 Cystic left kidney
5609 E., 18 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 25 A1. coch. 13.5 Male
6150 E., 17 Ch., 40x39x30 Good Bouin C-P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 16.5 Male 1930 Tubal
6824 E., 18.5 Ch., 45x40x25 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 Female 1933
7900 E., 16.5 Good Bouin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 11.5 . . 1941 Tubal
8092 E., 16.3 Ch., 52 x 47 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 13 Male 1942
8913 E.,? Ch, 34 Poor Formalin p Transverse 10 Alan . 7 1951 rubella. Medical abortion. Isolated head damaged
8965 E, 19.1 Ch, 42x32x19 Good Formol—Zenker C-P Transverse 10 Borax, carm, or. G. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 173
9097 E, 21 Exc. Formol—glucose C-P Coronal 10 Azan ? . ? 1930 Univ. Chicago No H 1380
9113 E, 185 Ch, 24 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Alan > 6 1953 Rubella. Medical abortion
9325 E, 17.0 Ch, 32x28x20 Good Formalin —acetic p Transverse 15& 8-10 Azan & Ag ? - 1955 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 20 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
240 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Iron H. 27 d 19??
256 E, 21 poor Alc p Sagittal 25 Coch. 23 M 1904 Tubal. Partial anencephaly
353 E, 20 Poor Alc P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 22,5 M 1906
431 E, 19 Ch, 30x25x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 25,5 M 1908 Tubal
437 E, 23 Ch., 80x60x50 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Coch 24 M 193?
453 E, 23 Ch, 60x40x30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 23-5 ? 1910 Injected
460 E, 21 Exc. Bichlor. acetic P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), coch, 24.5 M 1910 injected
462 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 40 Al, coch 23.5 F 1910
635B E, 22 Poor Alc P Transverse 50 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913
657 E, 25 Ch, 35x20x15 Poor Formalin C Sagittal 40 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913 Tubal
966 E, 23 Ch, 51x38x13 Exc Bichlor. acetic P Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 25 M 1911 Tubal
1134B E, 23 Poor Formalin p Sagittal 100 Al. coch., 22 - 1915
1266 E, 23.1 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or G 20.5 F 191?
2393 Ch, 61.5x50x35 Poor
3527 E., 22 Ch. 32x30x10 Good Formalin P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., 28 ? 1921
4059 E, 21.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 15 Al. coch., Mallory 29.5 $ 1922
4148 E, 21 Ch. 45x34x30 Good Formalin p Coronal 15 A1. coch., Mallory 19 ? 1922
4361 E, 22 Ch., 52x42x23 poor Formalin 9 Transverse 20 Coch. 24 8 1923
6202 E, 21 Ch., 35x35x22 Exc Bouin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 20.5 8 1930 Tubal
6426 E 21.5 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 21 3 1931
7274 E, 18.5 Ch., 48x44x35 Exc Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 20 M 1936
7906 E19.5 Exc Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 22 8 1941 Left renal agenesis
8517 E., 20.8 Exc. Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 24 8 1943
8226 E, 18.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 Alan ? 3 1944
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 21 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
22 E, 20 Ch, 35x30x30 Good Alc. P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 34.5 Female 1895
57 E, 23 Ch., ca. 30 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 36 Male 1896
128 E, 20 Ch., 50x43 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1898
229 E, 19 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1903
349 E, 24 Good Zenker C Coronal 250 Unstained 36 ? 1905 Double vascular injection
455 E, 24 Ch., 42x34x20 Good Alc. P Transverse 30 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36.5 Male 1910
632 E, 24 Ch., 60x50x30 Good Bichlor. acetic P Sagittal 40, 100, 250 Al. coch. 33 Female 1913 Injected
903C E, 23.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 38.5 Female 1914
1008 E, 26,4 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 39 ?? 1914
1358F E, 23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 37.5 Female 1916
2937 E,, 24.2 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 39 Female 1920
3167 E., 24.5 Ch., 60x50x40 Poor Bichlor, acetic, formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 32 Male 1920
4090 E, 22.2 Ch.. 66x46x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 30 Female 1922
4160 E,25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 39 Male 1923 Tubal
4960 E.22 Ch,, 47x42x28 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch., Mallory 31.5 Female 1925
5??6 E. 215 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 34 Female 1927
6531 E,22 Poor Glacial acetic, C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 31.5 Female 1931 Leitz Collection
7254 E,225 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 33.5 Male 1936
7592 E,22-> Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36 Female 1937
7864 E., 24 Exc, Formalin C-P Frontal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 32.5 Male 1941
8553 E., 22 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 38 Female 1947
9614 E,,22 5 Exc Bouin P Coronal 10 &15 Azan ? ? 1958 Rubella. Hysterectomy
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 22 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
392 E., 23 Ch., 45x45x25 Poor ... P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 42 Female 1907 Brödel Collection. Injected
405 E., 26 Good Formalin C Sagittal 40 Carmine 42.5 Male 1907
464 E.,26 Ch., 45x40x30 Good Formol? alc? P Sag. 100 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1910
584A E.,25 Ch., 50x42x40 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 41 ? 1913
630 E., 25 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 46 Male 1913
840 E, 24.8 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 44.5 Female 1914
875 E, 27 Ch., 40x28x22 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 45 Male 1914
895 E., 26 Ch., 67x62x54 Good Formalin P Transverse 25 Al. coch. 46.5 Female 1914
1315 E.,25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 40.5 Female 1915 Spina bifida and anencephaly
1458 E., 27.5 Ch, 45x45x30 Exc. Formalin C Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 45.5 Male 1916
1894 E, 24.6 Good Formalin c Sagittal 40,80 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 41 Female 1917
2206 E, 27 Ch, 50x30x18 Poor Formalin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Male 1918
3681 E, 26.3 Ch, 36x36x34 Good Formalin p Transverse 25 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1921
4304 E,25 Ch, 66x45x45 Good Bouin p Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Female 1923 Injected
4339 E, 24.5 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch, Mallory 46,5 Female 1923
4476 E., 26.2 Good Bouin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 46 Female 1923 Tubal
4638 E, 23.4 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 15,20 Al. coch, or. G. 41.5 Male 1924
6701 E, 24 Poor Formalin p Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 41 Female 1933
6832 E, 25.8 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 42 Female 1934
8394 E, 25.3 Ch, 48x50x34 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), Masson 44.5 Female 1946
8948 E, 26.7 Ch, 61x51x50 Poor Formol-Zenker p Transverse 15 Ag ? ? 1952
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 23 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
45 E,28 Ch, 40x35x20 Poor ? P Coronal/Transverse 50 Al. coch. 51.5 Female 1895
75 E,30 Good Alc. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 57 Male 1897
86 E,30 Good ? ? Coronal 50 Coch. Male 1897 May be an early fetus
100 E,27 Poor ? P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 57.5 ? 1897
108 E, 28 (est.) Poor Piurosulph. acid P Sagittal 45 Borax carm. 52.5 Male 1897
227 E30 Ch, 60x40x20 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50, 100 Al. coch. 54 Female 1903
417 E,32 Ch., 0x60x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 58.5 Female 1907
756A E, 27 Ch. 60x45x35 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 56 Male 1913
882 E , 28 Ch, 80x80x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Multiple 53 8 1913
950 E, 29 Good Formol P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 54 Male 1914
1199 E.,26 Ch,, 60x40x30 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur , or. G. 54.5 Male 1915
1535 E , 28 Ch. 50x45 x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 495 Female 1916
1945 E., 27.3 Ch., 83x53x22.5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 Male 1917
2561 E., 27 .5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 .5 Male 1919
4205 E., 29.5 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 A1. coch. 55.5 Female 1923
4289 E., 32.2 Ch., 52x35x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 15, 20 A1. coch., Mallory 59 Female 1923
4525 E., 30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 57 Male 1924
4570 E, 30.7 Ch., 52X50X28 Exc. Bouin P Transverse. 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) , phlox. 55 Male 1924
5154 E.,32 Good Bouin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 59.5 Male 1926
5422 E., 27 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Female 1927
5621A E., 27.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Male 1927 Other twin has spina bifida and fused kidneys
5725 E, 23 Good Formalin P Coronal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 50.5 Female 1928
6573 E,31.5 Good Bouin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 58.5 Female 1932
7425 E, 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 47 Female 1937 Ag added
9226 E, 31 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 12 Azan ? Female 1954
D.122 E, 27 Exc. ? ? Transverse 19 Ag ? ? 1976 Yntema and Truex
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Fetal  
Serial No. Size CRL (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
95 40 catalogued as CRL 40 but development suggests 50 stage. Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1] Colon - Lineback (1920)[2]
96 50 Brain venous sinuses - Streeter (1915)[3] Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1] Brain vascular - Streeter (1921)[4] Brain weight - Jenkins (1921)[5]
142 125 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
145 33 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
184 50 34 vertebrae, 31 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
211 33 34 vertebra, 31 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
217 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
300 73 85 days, Bone ossification - Mall (1906)[7]
362 30 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
448 52 Colon - Lineback (1920)[2]
449 36 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
538
590 21 to 23 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
607 37 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
625 220 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
662 80 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
693 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
847 58.8 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
858 57.25 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
922 37
928 120 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
948 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
972 37 34 vertebrae, 30 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
1318 37 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
1388 51 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
1455 78.5 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
1591 36 subcutaneous vascular plexus - Finley (1923)[9]
1656 67 34 vertebrae, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
1686 40 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
3990 49 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
4473 43 20 Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
4475 48 20 Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
5652 49 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
6581 75 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
7218 80 20 um Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
1597b 47 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
2250a 40 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
2250b 36 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
This table currently contains only has embryo number information.

Abbreviations

  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Kunitomo K. The development and reduction of the tail and of the caudal end of the spinal cord (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 163-198.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lineback PE. Studies on the longitudinal muscle of the human colon, with special reference to the development of the taeniae. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 50
  3. ↑ Streeter GL. The development of the venous sinuses of the dura mater in the human embryo. (1915) Amer. J Anat.18: 145-178.
  4. ↑ Streeter GL. The developmental alterations in the vascular system of the brain of the human embryo. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 8:7-38.
  5. ↑ Jenkins GB. Relative weight and volume of the component parts of the brain of the human embryo at different stages of development. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash., 59: 5-54.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 Spaulding MH. The development of the external genitalia in the human embryo. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 81, 13: 69 – 88.
  7. ↑ Mall FP. On ossification centers in human embryos less than one hundred days old. (1906) Amer. J Anat. 5:433-458.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Moffatt BC. The prenatal development of the human temporomandibular joint. (1957) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36: .
  9. ↑ Finley EB. The development of the subcutaneous vascular plexus in the head of the human embryo. (1923) Contributions to Embryology Carnegie Institution No. 71: 155-161.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Sensenig EC. The early development of the meninges of the spinal cord in human embryos. (1951) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 611.
Fertilization and Gestational Age - Crown-Rump Length (ultrasound) 
Fertilization Age
(days) 		Gestational Age
GA (week.day) 		Crown-Rump
Length (mm)
37 5.2 1
38 5.3 2
39 5.4 3
40 55 3
41 5.6 4
42    Week 4 6 4
43 6.1 5
44 6.2 6
45 6.3 7
46 6.4 8
47 6.5 9
48 6.6 10
49    Week 5 7 11
50 7.1 11
51 7.2 12
52 7.3 12
53 7.4 13
54 7.5 14
55 7.6 15
56    Week 6 8 17
57 8.1 18
58 8.2 19
59 8.3 20
60 8.4 21
61 8.5 22
62 8.6 22
63    Week 7 9 23
64 9.1 24
65 9.2 26
66 9.3 27
67 9.4 28
68 9.5 29
69 9.6 31
70    Week 8 10 34
71 10.1 36
72 10.2 37
73 10.3 38
74 10.4 39
75 10.5 39
76 10.6 40
77    Week 9 11 44
78 11.1 45
79 11.2 47
80 11.3 48
81 11.4 52
82 11.5 55
83 11.6 56
84    Week 10 12 57
85 12.1 58
86 12.2 60
87 12.3 61
88 12.4 63
89 12.5 64
90 12.6 65
91    Week 11 13 68
92 13.1 70
93 13.2 72
94 13.3 74
95 113.4 76
96 135 77
97 13.6 80
98    Week 12 14 81
99 14.1 84
100 14.2 85
101 14.3 86
102 14.4 87
Reference: Table data measured by ultrasound, adapted from Westerway (2015) PDF and[1]
Links: ultrasound | Fetal Development
Week: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Carnegie stage: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23


References

The following publications have used the numbered Carnegie embryos. Mall FP. On the development of the human heart. (1912) Amer. J Anat. 13: 249-298.

    • Embryo No. 80, C. R. length 5 mm.
    • Embryo No. 136, C. R. length 4 mm.
    • Embryo No. 116, C. R.. length 5 mm.
    • Embryo No. 241, C. R. length 6 mm.
    • Embryo No. 2, C. R. length 7 mm.
    • Embryo No. 383, C. R.. length 7 mm.
    • Embryo No. 380, C. R. length 7.5 mm.
    • Embryo No. 113, C. R. length 8 mm.
    • Embryo No. 397, C. R. length 8 mm.
    • Embryo No. 422-, C. R. length 9 mm.
    • Embryo No. 163, C. R. length 9 mm.

Mall FP. and Meyer AW. Studies on abortuses: a survey of pathologic ova in the Carnegie Embryological Collection. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 275, 12: 1-364. With 24 plates, 5 text-figures, and 1 chart.

Spaulding MH. The development of the external genitalia in the human embryo. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 81, 13: 69 – 88. With four plates and two text-figures.

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2023, December 5) Embryology Carnegie Embryos. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_Embryos

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© Dr Mark Hill 2023, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
  1. ↑ Westerway SC, Davison A & Cowell S. (2000). Ultrasonic fetal measurements: new Australian standards for the new millennium. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol , 40, 297-302. PMID: 11065037
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