Carnegie stage 3

Embryology - 1 Dec 2023 Expand to Translate
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Introduction

Human blastocyst (day 5) still within zone pellucida.

The free-floating blastocyst has reached the uterine body still enclosed in the zone pellucida and "hatches" from this surrounding extracellular matrix.

It is only after hatching that the blastocyst can attach to and then implant into the uterine wall.

Summary

Week 1, 4 - 5 days, size 0.1 - 0.2 mm
zona pellucida, trophoblast (trophectoderm) shell, inner cell mass, blastoceol

Blastocyst Hatching

Human Blastocyst "hatching" from zona pellucida (classified as Carnegie stage 3).

Blastocyst is too the right of image and zona pellucida is shown to the left of the image.

small opening in the zona pellucida through which the blastocyst is hatching.
flattened trophoblast cells forming the outer cell layer of the blastocyst.
inner cell mass shown in the centre of the image and on the left-hand wall of the blastocyst.
blastocoel forming a large fluid-filled space within the blastocyst.

Human Blastocyst (day 3 to 6)

‎‎Day 3 to 6

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‎‎Contractions

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‎‎Hatching

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Histiotrophic Nutrition

Term used to describe in early placenta development the intital transfer of nutrition from maternal to embryo (histiotrophic nutrition) compared to later blood-borne nutrition (hemotrophic nutrition). Histotroph is the nutritional material accumulated in spaces between the maternal and fetal tissues, derived from the maternal endometrium and the uterine glands. This nutritional material is absorbed by phagocytosis initially by blastocyst trophectoderm and then by trophoblast of the placenta. in later placental development nutrition is by the exchange of blood-borne materials between the maternal and fetal circulations, hemotrophic nutrition.

Reference

Burton GJ, Watson AL, Hempstock J, Skepper JN & Jauniaux E. (2002). Uterine glands provide histiotrophic nutrition for the human fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , 87, 2954-9. PMID: 12050279 DOI.

Carnegie Collection


58 cell blastocyst (day 4) (No. 8794)	107 cell blastocyst (day 4.5) (No. 8663)

Carnegie Collection - Stage 3
Serial No.	Normality	No. of Blastomeres	Size of Fixed Specimen (µm)	Fixative	Embedding Medium	Thinness (µm)	Stain	Year	Notes
8663	normal	107	103x80	Alc. & Bouin	C-P	6	(Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin)	1949	Hertig etal.(1954)^[1]
8794	normal	58	108x86	Alc. & Bouin	C-P	6	(Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin)	1950	Hertig etal.(1954)^[1]
Abbreviations Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P). Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution) ? - unknown or not determined.

iBook - Carnegie Embryos
	iTunes link \| iBook Store Description - Imagine the excitement of seeing this incredible early period of human development for the first time. Now consider that much of our initial understanding of human development is based upon study of historic embryo collections. You can now look at these historic images of the first 8 weeks after fertilisation and explore for yourself the changes that occur in human development during this key period. This current book is designed as an atlas of the Carnegie embryo stages with some brief notes and additional information covering the first 8 weeks of development. These images are from from the beginning of last century and are one of the earliest documented series of human embryos collected for basic research and medical education on development. I hope you enjoy learning about the amazing early events that begin to make and shape us. This is the second book in a series of educational releases from UNSW Embryology. Release: First Edition - Mar 12, 2012 ISBN 978-0-7334-3148-7 Print Length 82 Pages, 25.8 MB Language English. PDF Preview version 3.87 MB (Read the associated information, this is an edited educational preview version with many features not functioning). The current website also includes numerous embryo images from this textbook (see Embryonic Development and Carnegie Embryos).

Events

mitosis - blastomere cells divide by mitosis, without growth between divisions. initially at the same time (synchronous) but with each round at slightly different times (asynchronous)
blastocyst - a fluid-filled cavity develops within the cell mass.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. Adams EC. and Mulligan W.J. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. (1954) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35: 199-220.

Hertig AT. Rock J. and Adams EC. A description of 34 human ova within the first 17 days of development. (1956) Amer. J Anat., 98:435-493.

Additional Images

Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2023, December 1) Embryology Carnegie stage 3. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_stage_3

What Links Here?

[Hertig1954-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. Adams EC. and Mulligan W.J. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. (1954) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35: 199-220.

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