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Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" |
| ! colspan=3|First Trimester Timeline | | ! First Trimester Timeline |
| |- | | |- |
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| | | {{First Trimester Timeline}} |
| | colspan=2|{{human timeline}} | {{first trimester timeline}} | [[Template:Second Trimester Timeline|Second Trimester Timeline]] | [[Template:Third Trimester Timeline|Third Trimester Timeline]]
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| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
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| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 1]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 3)
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| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
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| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
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| | width="100px"|<center>'''Stage'''</center>
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| | '''Event'''
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| | <center>1</center>
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| | Secretory Phase
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| | |
| [[Carnegie stage 1|Stage 1]]
| |
| | [[Image:Early_zygote.jpg|90px]] [[File:Stage1 size with ruler.jpg|90px]][[File:Smear-_secretory.jpg|90px|link=Menstrual_Cycle_-_Histology]] [[File:Human-_secretory_uterine_endometrium.jpg|90px|link=Menstrual_Cycle_-_Histology]] [[Fertilization]], Secretory Phase
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
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| | <center>2</center>
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| | [[Carnegie stage 2|Stage 2]]
| |
| | [[Image:Stage2.jpg|90px]] [[File:Week1 001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Week 1 Movie]] [[Morula]], Blastula
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>3</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[File:Human-blastocyst-day-3-6-icon.jpg|90px|link=Blastocyst Day 3-6 Movie]] [[Blastocyst Development]]
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>4</center>
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| | [[Carnegie stage 3|Stage 3]]
| |
| | [[Image:CSt3.jpg|90px]] Blastocyst Hatching (zona pellucida lost)
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| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>5</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[File:Smear-_late_secretory.jpg|90px]] [[File:Human-_late_secretory_uterine_endometrium.jpg|90px]] Late Secretory, Blastocyst (free floating)
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>6</center>
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| | [[Carnegie stage 4|Stage 4]]
| |
| | [[Implantation|Adplantation]]
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>7</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 5|Stage 5]]
| |
| | [[File:Week2_001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Implantation_Movie]][[File:Stage5_bf11L.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie stage 5]]
| |
| |-
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| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 2]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 4)
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| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>8</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[File:Week2_001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Implantation_Movie]] [[Implantation]]
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>9</center>
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| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>10</center>
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>11</center>
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>12</center>
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>13</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 6|Stage 6]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage6_bf03.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie stage 6]][[File:Chorion 001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Development Animation - Chorionic Cavity]] Chorionic Cavity
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>14</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 3]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 5)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>15</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>16</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 7|Stage 7]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage7-bf1.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_7]] [[File:Stage7-sem2.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_7]] [[Image:Stage7.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_7]]
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>17</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>18</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 8|Stage 8]]
| |
| | [[Image:Stage8_human.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_8]] [[File:Neuralplate_001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Development Animation - Neural Plate]] [[Neural System Development|Neural]] neurogenesis, neural groove and folds are first seen
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>19</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Image:Stage8_SEM1.jpg|90px|left]]
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>20</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 9|Stage 9]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage9_bf2c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_9]] [[File:Stage9_sem1b.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_9]] [[Musculoskeletal_System_Development|Musculoskeletal]] somitogenesis, first somites form and continue to be added in sequence caudally (1 - 3 somite pairs).
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] the three main divisions of the brain, which are not cerebral vesicles, can be distinguished while the neural groove is still completely open
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] mesencephalic neural crest is visible<ref name="PMID17848161"><pubmed>17848161</pubmed></ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| | <center>21</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] cardiogenesis, week 3 begins as paired heart tubes.
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 4]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 6)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>22</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 10|Stage 10]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage10_bf2c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_10]] [[File:Stage10_sem10c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_10]] [[File:Neuraltube_001 icon.jpg|90px|link=Development Animation - Neural Tube]]
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] differentiation at spinal cord level from day 22 until day 26
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] neural folds begin to fuse near the junction between brain and spinal cord, when [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] cells are arising mainly from the neural ectoderm
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] trigeminal, facial, and postotic ganglia components visible<ref name="PMID17848161"><pubmed>17848161</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] migration of vagal level neural crest cells begins (7-10 somite stage)
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] rostral neural tube forms 3 primary brain vesicles (week 4)
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_Development|Respiratory]] Week 4 - laryngotracheal groove forms on floor foregut.
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>23</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] begins to beat in Humans by day 22-23, first functioning embryonic organ formed.
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>24</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 11|Stage 11]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage11_bf2c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_11]]
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Thyroid_Development|Thyroid]] thyroid median endodermal thickening in the floor of pharynx
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] rostral (or cephalic) neuropore closes within a few hours; closure is bidirectional, it takes place from the dorsal and terminal lips and may occur in two areas simultaneously. The two lips, however, behave differently.
| |
| | |
| [[Neural_-_Ventricular_System_Development|Ventricular System]] Optic ventricle appears and the neural groove/tube space is initially filled with amniotic fluid.<ref name="PMID2285038"><pubmed>2285038</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>25</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 12|Stage 12]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage12_bf2b.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_12]] [[File:Stage12 sem1.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_12]]
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Pituitary_Development|Pituitary]] Week 4 hypophysial pouch, Rathke's pouch, diverticulum from roof
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|Liver]] septum transversum forming liver stroma and hepatic diverticulum forming hepatic trabeculae<ref name="PMID9407542"><pubmed>9407542</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] caudal neuropore takes a day to close (closure is approximately at future somitic pair 31/sacral vertebra 2)
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] secondary neurulation begins
| |
| | |
| [[Neural_-_Ventricular_System_Development|Ventricular System]] onset of the ventricular system and separates the ependymal from the amniotic fluid.<ref name="PMID2285038" />
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] cardiac crest, neural crest from rhombomeres 6 and 7 that migrates to pharyngeal arch 3 and from there the truncus arteriosus <ref name="PMID17848161" />
| |
| | |
| [[Neural Crest Development|Neural Crest]] vagal neural crest enter the foregut (20-25 somite stage)
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>26</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>27</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>28</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 13|Stage 13]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage13_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_13]] [[File:Stage13_sem1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_13]] [[Neural System Development|Neural]] the neural tube is normally completely closed, ventricular system now separated from amniotic fluid. Neural crest at spinal level is segregating, and spinal ganglia are in series with the somites. Spinal cord ventral roots beginning to develop.<ref name="PMID3354839"><pubmed>3354839</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| telencephalon cavity appears
| |
| | |
| [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - hindbrain is supplied by two parallel neural arteries (or channels) that obtain their blood supply from carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses given by the pharyngeal arch arteries; trigeminal artery, the otic artery, hypoglossal artery, and the proatlantal artery.<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|Liver]] epithelial cord proliferation enmeshing stromal capillaries<ref name="PMID9407542" />
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Smell_Development|Smell]] Crest comes from the nasal plates<ref name="PMID15604533"><pubmed>15604533</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Integumentary_System_Development|Skin]] 4 weeks - simple ectoderm epithelium over mesenchyme
| |
| | |
| [[Integumentary_System_Development|Skin]] 1-3 months ectoderm- germinative (basal) cell repeated division of generates stratified epithelium; mesoderm- differentiates into connective tissue and blood vessels
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Vision_Development|Vision]] Optic vesicle lies close to the surface ectoderm. The surface ectoderm overlying the optic vesicle, in response to this contact, has thickened to form the lens placode.<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_-_Diaphragm|Diaphragm]] - pleuroperitoneal fold (PPF) first discernible in human embryos (CRL 6mm).<ref name=PMID19711422><pubmed>19711422</pubmed></ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 5]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 7)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>29</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Endocrine_-_Pituitary_Development|Pituitary]] Week 5 elongation, contacts infundibulum, diverticulum of diencephalon
| |
| | |
| [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] Week 5 septation starts, atrial and ventricular
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_Development|Respiratory]] Week 5 left and right lung buds push into the pericardioperitoneal canals (primordia of pleural cavity)
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_Development|Respiratory]] Week 5 to 17 lung histology - pseudoglandular
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Hearing_and_Balance_Development|Hearing]] Week 5 cochlear part of otic vesicle elongates (humans 2.5 turns)
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>30</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>31</center>
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| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>32</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 14|Stage 14]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage14_bf2l.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_14]] [[File:Stage14_sem1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_14]] [[Placodes]] sensory placodes, lens pit, otocyst, nasal placode, primary/secondary vesicles, fourth ventricle of brain
| |
| | |
| [[Mesoderm]] continued segmentation of paraxial mesoderm (somite pairs), heart prominence
| |
| | |
| [[Head_Development|Head]] 1st, 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch, forebrain, site of lens placode, site of otic placode, stomodeum
| |
| | |
| '''Body - '''heart, [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|liver]], umbilical cord, mesonephric ridge visible externally as bulges.
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] upper and lower limb buds growing.
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] mesoderm of the primary body wall coalesced in the ventral midline to create the abdominal cavity.<ref name=PMID22976993><pubmed>22976993</pubmed>| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3976953 PMC3976953] | [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.22556 Anat Rec (Hoboken)]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] first appearance of the future cerebral hemispheres. Cerebellar plate differentiated to an intermediate layer, and future rhombic lip identifiable<ref name="PMID3377191"><pubmed>3377191</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - basilar artery forms from the consolidation of the neural arteries.<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural_-_Ventricular_System_Development|Ventricular System]] Subarachnoid space initially as irregular spaces on the ventral surface of the spinal cord. 16228957
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|Liver]] hepatic gland and its vascular channels enlarge, hematopoietic function appears<ref name="PMID9407542" />
| |
| | |
| [[Vision_-_Lens_Development|Eye - Lens]] the lens placode is indented by the lens pit.<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>33</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 15|Stage 15]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage15_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_15]]
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] cranial nerves (except olfactory and optic) are identifiable in more advanced embryos<ref name="PMID3213956"><pubmed>3213956</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - vertebral arteries form from transverse anastomoses between cervical intersegmental arteries, beginning with the proatlantal artery and proceeding downward to the 6th intersegmental artery,<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Vision_-_Lens_Development|Eye - Lens]] the lens pit is closed. The lens vesicle and optic cup lie close to the surface ectoderm and appear to press against the surface.<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>34</center>
| |
| |
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| |
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| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>35</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Sensory_-_Vision_Development|Vision]] 35 to 37 days retinal pigment present
| |
| |-
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| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 6]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 8)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>36</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Endocrine_-_Pituitary_Development|Pituitary]] Week 6 - connecting stalk between pouch and oral cavity degenerates
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Parathyroid_Development|Parathyroid]] Week 6 - diverticulum elongate, hollow then solid, dorsal cell proliferation
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Thymus_Development|Thymus]] Week 6 - diverticulum elongate, hollow then solid, ventral cell proliferation
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Adrenal_Development|Adrenal]] Week 6 - fetal cortex forms from mesothelium adjacent to dorsal mesentery, medulla neural crest cells from adjacent sympathetic ganglia
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_Development|Respire]] Week 6 - descent of heart and lungs into thorax. Pleuroperitoneal foramen closes
| |
| | |
| [[Tongue_Development|Tongue]] Week 6 - descent of heart and lungs into thorax. Pleuroperitoneal foramen closes gustatory papilla, caudal midline near the foramen caecum (week 6 to 7 - nerve fibers approach the lingual epithelium)
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>37</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 16|Stage 16]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage16_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_16]] [[Neural System Development|Neural]] first parasympathetic ganglia, submandibular and ciliary, are identifiable<ref name="PMID2751117"><pubmed>2751117</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - development of the middle cerebral artery is first identified as small buds originating proximal to the anterior cerebral artery on the anterior division of the primitive internal carotid artery.<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] upper limb bud '''nerves''' median nerve, radial nerve and ulnar nerve entered into hand plate, '''myoblasts''' spindle shaped and oriented parallel to limb bud axis.
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] muscle cell migration about 25% of the hemicircumference of the abdominal cavity, the lateral plate mesoderm has become more condensed and thicker in the area around the myoblasts.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
| |
| | |
| [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] outflow tract elliptical configuration with four cushions, the two larger fusing at this stage. Semilunar valve leaflets form at the downstream end of the cushions
| |
| | |
| [[Head_Development|Head]] lip and palate components of the upper lip, medial nasal prominence and maxillary process present, median palatine process appears.
| |
| | |
| [[Integumentary_System_-_Eyelid_Development|Eyelid]] prior to the development of the eyelids, one small sulcus or groove forms above the eye (eyelid groove) and another below it.<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>38</center>
| |
| |
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| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>39</center>
| |
| |
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| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>40</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>41</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 17|Stage 17]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage17_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_17]]
| |
| | |
| * [[Neural System Development|Neural]]
| |
| ** telencephalon areas of the future archicortex, paleocortex, and neocortex, visible. Beginning of future choroid plexus<ref name="PMID2802187"><pubmed>2802187</pubmed></ref>
| |
| ** primordium of the epidural space appears first on the ventral part of the vertebral canal and develops rostro-caudally<ref name="PMID15478101"><pubmed>15478101</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Sensory_-_Smell_Development|Smell]] olfactory nerve fibres enter the brain<ref name="PMID15604533"><pubmed>15604533</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Integumentary_System_-_Eyelid_Development|Eyelid]] sulcus (groove) above and below eye deepen and eyelid folds develop (below first and then above)<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Respiratory_System_-_Diaphragm|Diaphragm]] - pleuroperitoneal fold (PPF) no longer separated from the diaphragm (CRL 14mm)<ref name=PMID19711422><pubmed>19711422</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] muscle cells now migrated approximately 50% of the distance to the ventral midline, inner and outer layers were not discernible yet.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
| |
| |-
| |
| | <center>42</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] separation of common cardiac outflow (aortic arch and pulmonary aorta)
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 7]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 9)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>43</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Endocrine_-_Pancreas_Development|Pancreas]] Week 7 to 20 pancreatic hormones secretion increases, small amount maternal insulin
| |
| | |
| [[Respiratory_System_Development|Respiratory]] Week 7 - enlargement of liver stops descent of heart and lungs
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>44</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 18|Stage 18]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage18_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_18]]
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Bone_Development|Bone]] forms by endochondrial ossification and throughout embryo replacement of cartilage with bone (week 5-12).
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] [[Sensory_-_Smell_Development|Smell]] vomeronasal fibres and nervus terminalis<ref name="PMID15604533"><pubmed>15604533</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|Liver]] obturation due to epithelial proliferation, bile ducts became reorganized, continuity between liver cells and gut<ref name="PMID9407542" />
| |
| | |
| [[Neural_-_Ventricular_System_Development|Ventricular System]] duramater appears and spaces surround the circumference of the spinal cord, which coalesce and contain many blood vessels.<ref name="PMID15478101"><pubmed>15478101</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Genital - Female Development]] opening of the paramesonephric (Müllerian) duct to the coelomic cavity formed as an invagination of the coelomic epithelium<ref name="PMID12740945"><pubmed>12740945</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] separation of the myoblasts into distinct inner and outer layers, with unidirectional orientation. Abdominal wall thicker in the region where secondary structures were forming compared with the primary body wall region, dorsally outermost layer of connective tissue approximately half of this thickness.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
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| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>45</center>
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| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Liver_Development|Liver]] (stage 18 to 23) biliary ductules developed in periportal connective tissue
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| | |
| produces ductal plates that receive biliary capillaries<ref name="PMID9407542" />
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| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>46</center>
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| |-
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| | <center>47</center>
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| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>48</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 19|Stage 19]]
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| | [[File:Stage19_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_19]]
| |
| | |
| * [[Sensory_-_Vision_Development|Vision]] - (stage 19 -22) [[Integumentary_System_-_Eyelid_Development|eyelid]] folds develop into the eyelids and cover more of the eye as the palpebral fissure takes shape. The upper and the lower eyelids meet at the outer canthus in Stage 19. <ref name=“PMID7364662”><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Cardiovascular System Development|Cardiovascular]]
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| ** arterial system<ref>{{Ref-KeibelMall1912}}</ref> [[Book - Manual of Human Embryology 18-6|Chapter 18]] [[:File:Keibel Mall 2 390.jpg|fig. 447]]).
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| ** aortic arches <ref>{{Ref-Congdon1922}}</ref> stages 11–19 (figs. 29–40).
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| ** [[Cardiovascular System Development|Heart]] fusion of aortic and mitral endocardial cushion material</ref>{{Ref-Teal1986}}</ref>
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| * [[Respiratory System Development|Respiratory]] - first generation of subsegmental bronchi now complete, see bronchial tree reconstruction<ref>{{Ref-Wells1954}}</ref> (plates 3 and 4).
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| * [[Gastrointestinal Tract Development|Gastrointestinal]] - anal membrane defined.
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| * [[Renal System Development|Renal]] - Cloacal membrane ruptures from urinary pressure at [[Carnegie stage 18|stage 18]] or [[Carnegie stage 19|stage 19]],
| |
| * [[Genital System Development|Genital]]
| |
| ** Testis - Rete testis develops from the seminiferous cords at stages 19–23, and tunica albuginea forms.<ref>{{Ref-Jirasek1971}}</ref>.
| |
| ** Ovary - Rete ovarii cords are developing.<ref>{{Ref-Wilson1926a}}</ref>
| |
| ** [[Uterus Development|Uterus]] Müllerian duct grows independently from the invagination of the coelomic epithelium during stages 19-23<ref name="PMID12740945"><pubmed>12740945</pubmed></ref>
| |
| * [[Musculoskeletal System Development|Musculoskeletal]]
| |
| ** Sternum right and left sternal bars are present.<ref>{{Ref-Gasser1975}}</ref> (figs. 7-17 and 7-22)
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| ** [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] segregation of the myoblasts into four distinct muscle groups with unidirectional orientation of myoblasts. Myoblast migrated over half of the distance to the ventral midline, abdominal wall thickest where the muscles migrated and the outermost layer of connective tissue comprises approximately half of the total thickness of the abdominal wall. Rectus muscle completely separated after migrating over half the distance to the midline.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
| |
| * [[Neural System Development|Neural]]
| |
| ** rhombencephalon migration for olivary and arcuate nuclei begins.
| |
| ** choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle present.
| |
| ** stria medullaris thalami reaches the habenular nuclei.
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| ** habenular commissure begins to develop.
| |
| ** accessory olivary nucleus appears<ref name="PMID2268071"><pubmed>2268071</pubmed></ref>
| |
| ** [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - middle cerebral artery becomes more prominent, the plexi fuse into a single artery and further branches pierce the cerebral hemisphere.<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| | <center>49</center>
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| | |
| |-
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| ! colspan=3 | [[Week 8]] ({{GA}} Clinical Week 10)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>50</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 20|Stage 20]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage20_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_20]]
| |
| | |
| [[Head_Development|Head]] scalp vascular plexus visible
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] upper limbs begin to rotate ventrally
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] amygdaloid body has at least four individual nuclei<ref name="PMID2268071"><pubmed>2268071</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| oculomotor nerve shows a dorsolateral and a ventromedial portion
| |
| | |
| rhombic lip (rhombencephalon) formation of the cerebellum (intermediate layer) and of the cochlear nuclei
| |
| | |
| cerebellum cell layer (future Purkinje cells) develops
| |
| | |
| choroid plexuses of the fourth and lateral ventricles
| |
| | |
| [[Integumentary_System_-_Eyelid_Development|Eyelid]] the inner canthus is established.<ref name="PMID7364662"><pubmed>7364662</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>51</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Gastrointestinal Tract Development|Gastrointestinal Tract]] anal membrane perforates
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>52</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 21|Stage 21]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage21_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_21]]
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] cortical plate appears in the area of future insula<ref name="PMID2252222"><pubmed>2252222</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Neural - Vascular Development]] - formation of the anterior communicating artery.<ref name="PMID26060802"><pubmed>26060802</pubmed>| [http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.5853/jos.2015.17.2.144 J Stroke.]</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] upper and lower limbs rotate
| |
| | |
| [[Coelomic Cavity Development|Intraembryonic Coelom]] pericardioperitoneal canals close
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] Myoblasts have reached the ventral midline and myotubes were present and oriented uniformly within all muscle groups. The rectus abdominis formed distinct bundles of muscle. Connective tissue layers comprised the majority of the thickness of the abdominal wall, outermost layer of connective tissue accounted for the majority of this thickness.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>53</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>54</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 22|Stage 22]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage22_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_22]] [[Neural System Development|Neural]] neocortical fibres project to epithalamus, to dorsal thalamus, and to mesencephalon<ref name="PMID2252222" />
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] fingers and toes lengthen
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Smell_Development|Smell]] Stage 22 to early fetal period - migratory streams of neurons from the subventricular zone of the olfactory bulb towards the future claustrum<ref name="PMID15604533"><pubmed>15604533</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Uterus Development|Uterus]] [[Vagina Development|Vagina]] fused duct (uterovaginal canal) bifurcated at the caudal portion at Carnegie stages 22 and 23<ref name="PMID12740945"><pubmed>12740945</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>55</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[Genital_System_Development|Genital]] 8 Weeks Testis - mesenchyme, interstitial cells (of Leydig) secrete testosterone, androstenedione
| |
| | |
| [[Genital_System_Development|Genital]] 8 to 12 Weeks - hCG stimulates testosterone production
| |
| | |
| [[Tongue_Development|Tongue]] Week 8 - nerves penetrate epitheilai basal lamina and synapse with undifferentiated, elongated, epithelial cells (taste bud progenitor cell)<ref name="PMID8955790"><pubmed>8955790</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>56</center>
| |
| | [[Carnegie stage 23|Stage 23]]
| |
| | [[File:Stage23_bf1c.jpg|90px|link=Carnegie_stage_23]] Stage 23 defines the end of the embryonic (organogenesis) period
| |
| | |
| [[Mesoderm]] heart prominence, ossification continues
| |
| | |
| [[Head_Development|Head]] nose, eye, external acoustic meatus, eyelids, external ears, rounded head
| |
| | |
| '''Body '''- straightening of trunk, umbilical cord, intestines herniated at umbilicus
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Limb_Development|Limb]] upper limbs longer and bent at elbow, hands and feet turned inward, foot with separated digits, wrist, hand with separated digits
| |
| | |
| [[Coelomic_Cavity_Development|Extraembryonic Coelom]] chorionic cavity is now lost by fusion with the expanding amniotic cavity
| |
| | |
| [[Neural System Development|Neural]] rhombencephalon, pyramidal decussation present, nuclei and tracts similar to those present in the newborn cerebellum present as only a plate connected to midbrain and hindbrain through fibre bundles<ref name="PMID2244584"><pubmed>2244584</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Axial_Skeleton_Development|Axial Skeleton]] vertebral column 33 or 34 cartilaginous vertebrae (20-33 mm in total length), vertebral pedicles, articular and transverse processes identifiable (no spinous processes)<ref name="PMID7216919"><pubmed>7216919</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| [[Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline#Abdominal_Wall|Abdominal Wall]] Rectus muscle forms 2 or 3 distinct layers with myotube orientation uniform in all muscles. The external oblique and internal oblique started to expand in thickness, transversus a thin layer of muscle.<ref name="PMID22976993" />
| |
| |-
| |
| | <center> </center>
| |
| | [[Week 8]]
| |
| | [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Stomach_Development| Stomach]] Week 8 - Gastrin containing cells in stomach antrum. Somatostatin cells in both the antrum and the fundus.
| |
| | |
| | |
| [[Genital - Female Development]] paired paramesonephric (Müllerian) ducts contact each other and are fused into a single tube that separates again and returns to the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts. The paramesonephric ducts have not yet reached the urogenital sinus.<ref name="PMID12740945"><pubmed>12740945</pubmed></ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | Week 9 ({{GA}} Clinical Week 11)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>57</center>
| |
| | Fetal Period
| |
| | [[File:Size comparison embryo-fetus actual.jpg|90px|link=Fetal Development]]
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Hearing_and_Balance_Development|Hearing]] Week 9 - mesenchyme surrounding membranous labrynth (otic capsule) chondrifies
| |
| | |
| [[Sensory_-_Smell_Development|Smell]] Embryonic/Fetal transition - localized incomplete lamination of the olfactory bulb<ref name="PMID15604533"><pubmed>15604533</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>58</center>
| |
| |
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| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>59</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>60</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>61</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>62</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>63</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | Week 9 - CRL 43 mm, femur length 6 mm
| |
| | |
| 9 weeks CRL 50 mm - [[Genital_System_Development|Genital]] genitalia in both sexes look identical<ref name="PMID17875485"><pubmed>17875485</pubmed></ref>
| |
| | |
| uterus - paramesonephric ducts come into apposition with the urorectal septum and begin to fuse
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | Week 10 ({{GA}} Clinical Week 12)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>64</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[File:Size comparison embryo-fetus actual.jpg|90px|link=Fetal Development]]
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal Tract Development|Gastrointestinal Tract]] Week 10 intestines in abdomen
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Pituitary_Development|Pituitary]] growth hormone and ACTH detectable
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Pancreas_Development|Pancreas]] Week 10 glucagon (alpha) differentiate first, somatostatin (delta), insulin (beta) cells differentiate, insulin secretion begins
| |
| | |
| [[Tongue_Development|Tongue]] Week 10 shallow grooves above the taste bud primordium
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Stomach_Development| Stomach]] Week 10 - Glucagon containing cells in stomach fundus.
| |
| | |
| [[Integumentary_System_-_Nail_Development|Nail Development]] fingernails appear
| |
| | |
| [[Hearing_-_Outer_Ear_Development|Hearing - Outer Ear Development]] Week 10 - Meatal plug extends in a disc-like fashion, the meatus is boot-shaped with a narrow neck and the sole of the meatal plug spreading widely to form the future tympanic membrane medially. Proximal portion of the neck starts to be resorbed.
| |
| | |
| [[Hearing - Inner Ear Development|Hearing - Inner Ear Development]] Week 10 - neural-crest-derived melanocytes migrate into the cochlea. They penetrate the basement membrane of the lateral wall epithelium and develop into the intermediate cells of the stria vascularis.<ref name="PMID25663387"><pubmed>25663387</pubmed></ref>
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>65</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>66</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>67</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>68</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>69</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>70</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | Week 10 - CRL 55 mm, femur length 9 mm, biparietal diameter 17 mm
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | Week 11 ({{GA}} Clinical Week 13)
| |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>'''Day'''</center>
| |
| | <center>'''Stage'''</center>
| |
| | '''Event'''
| |
| | |
| [[Neural_System_Development|Neural]] - [[Neural - Cerebrum Development|Cerebrum]] appearance of the first sulcus (week 11-15, {{GA}} 13-17 weeks)<ref name="PMID17962979"><pubmed>17962979</pubmed></ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| | <center>71</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | [[File:Size comparison embryo-fetus actual.jpg|90px|link=Fetal Development]]
| |
| | |
| [[Endocrine_-_Thyroid_Development|Thyroid]] colloid appearance in thyroid follicles, iodine and thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis
| |
| | |
| [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Stomach_Development| Stomach]] Week 11 - Serotonin containing cells in both the antrum and the fundus.
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>72</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>73</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>74</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>75</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-bgcolor="#AFEEEE"
| |
| | <center>76</center>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |-
| |
| | <center>77</center>
| |
| |
| |
| | Week 11 - CRL 68 mm, femur length 12 mm, biparietal diameter 20 mm
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan=3|'''References'''
| |
| <references/>
| |
| |}<noinclude>[[Category:Template]][[Category:Table]][[Category:Timeline]][[Category:Human Embryo]]</noinclude> | | |}<noinclude>[[Category:Template]][[Category:Table]][[Category:Timeline]][[Category:Human Embryo]]</noinclude> |