History - Embryologists
Embryology - 17 Jun 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
This page is a brief introduction to just some of the historic embryologists who have contributed to our understanding of development today. The embryologists have been listed in a rough timeline and their names can often be found associated with embryological structures. There are of course too many to list all here, and those appearing elsewhere on this current site are included below (Please contact me if you would like your favourite historic embryologist added to the list on this page).
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Embryologists: William Hunter | Wilhelm Roux | Caspar Wolff | Wilhelm His | Oscar Hertwig | Julius Kollmann | Hans Spemann | Francis Balfour | Charles Minot | Ambrosius Hubrecht | Charles Bardeen | Franz Keibel | Franklin Mall | Florence Sabin | George Streeter | George Corner | James Hill | Jan Florian | Thomas Bryce | Thomas Morgan | Ernest Frazer | Francisco Orts-Llorca | José Doménech Mateu | Frederic Lewis | Arthur Meyer | Robert Meyer | Erich Blechschmidt | Klaus Hinrichsen | Hideo Nishimura | Arthur Hertig | John Rock | Viktor Hamburger | Mary Lyon | Nicole Le Douarin | Robert Winston | Fabiola Müller | Ronan O'Rahilly | Robert Edwards | John Gurdon | Shinya Yamanaka | Embryology History | Category:People | ||
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Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733 - 1794)
Martin Heinrich Rathke (1793 – 1860)
Rathke was a German embryologist and anatomist best known today for "Rathke's pouch", a transient folding surface ectoderm from roof of the oral cavity that will form the anterior pituitary (hypophysis). in later development the connection with the oral cavity is lost.
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Martin Rathke |
John Quain (1796 - 1865)
Johannes Peter Müller (1801 - 1858)
The German medical scientist Johannes Peter Müller (1801-1858) made important contributions to several branches of medicine, including anatomy, physiology, embryology, and pathology. He was the first to describe the duct that contributes the female internal genital tract and named after him, the "Müllerian duct". The historic terminology is still used, though the current descriptive terminology is the "paramesonephric duct".
Note the other paired male genital ducts historically called Wolffian ducts named after Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1735 – 1794) a German embryologist, the current descriptive terminology is the "mesonephric duct".
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Johannes Peter Müller |
Julius Kollmann (1834 - 1918)
Kollmann was a German embryologist and Professor extraordinarius, Munich University, 1870–8; professor of anatomy, Basel University, 1878 – 1913. Images from Kollmann's 2 volume Atlas of the Development of Man (Handatlas der entwicklungsgeschichte des menschen) were extensively reused in other embryology textbooks and are also the basis of many modern drawings.
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Julius Kollmann |
Robert Remak (1815 - 1865)
Wilhelm Roux (1850 – 1924)
Roux was a German zoologist and pioneer of experimental embryology. Described "Entwicklungsmechanik" (mechanisms) a physiological approach to embryology. One experiment used a heated needle to kill at the frog 2 cell stage one of the blastomeres. Doctoral thesis - On the bifurcation of blood vessels. A morphological study.
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Wilhelm Roux |
Wilhelm His (1831 - 1904)
His was a noted Swiss anatomist and embryologist educated in Basel and Bern, in Berlin. His teachers in Würzburg were Johannes Peter Müller (1801-1858) and Robert Remak (1815-1865) and in Prague and Vienna with Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902). All three of these researchers were major 19th century embryologists.
Wilhelm His was a Swiss anatomist and embryologist.
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Wilhelm His |
Ambrosius Hubrecht (1853 – 1915)
A Dutch zoölogist who received his Ph.D. under Halting on a study of the anatomy, histology and development of the worm group Nemerteans. He created the Institut International d'Embryologie (International Institute of Embryology) in Utrecht, The Netherlands, in 1911. He supported Charles Darwin's work, and collected specimens of embryos from around the world to demonstrate evolutionary connections between animals.
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Ambrosius Arnold Willem Hubrecht |
Charles Sedgwick Minot (1852–1914)]
Charles Sedgwick Minot (1852–1914) was an American anatomist and embryologist. In 1883 he was appointed instructor in histology and embryology in the Harvard Medical School. His embryological collection, The Harvard Embryological Collection (the Minot Collection) now forms part of the Carnegie collection.
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Charles Sedgwick Minot (1852–1914) |
Oskar Hertwig (1849 – 1922)
Hertwig was a German embryologist, Professor extraordinarius of Anatomy and Comparative Anatomy, Director of the II. Anatomical Institute of the University of Berlin.
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Oskar Hertwig |
Franz Keibel (1861 - 1929)
Franz Keibel (1861 - 1929) was a German anatomist and embryologist. Beginning in 1897 he was the editor of the series "vertebrate embryological standard panels" (Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere), published in German, each volume covered a specific vertebrate species. This included human embryos (Homo sapiens). These standard tables form the basis of the modern embryological staging systems.
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Franz Keibel |
Franklin P. Mall (1862 - 1917)
Mall is most remembered for his work done at the Department of Embryology at the Carnegie Institute of Washington. He began collecting human embryos while a postgraduate student in Lepzig with Wilhelm His, but didn't receive the first Carnegie specimen until his position at Johns Hopkins University.
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Franklin Mall |
Florence Sabin (1871 - 1953)
Sabin generated a three-dimensional model of a newborn human brainstem, An Atlas of the Medulla and Midbrain (1901) and published on the embryological development of the lymphatic system while at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine under Franklin Mall.
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Florence Rena Sabin |
George L. Streeter (1873 – 1948)
Streeter was an American embryologist, holding many key positions during embryology discoveries in the early period of last century, and also associated with the establishment of the Carnegie Institution.
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George Streeter |
Santiago Ramón y Cahal (1852 - 1934)
Cahal was a Spanish pathologist and histologist and one of the early neuroscientists. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
From the 1990 Science book review.[1]
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Ramon y Cahal |
Hans Spemann (1869 - 1941)
Viktor Hamburger (1900 - 2001)
Founding researcher in the field of developmental neuroscience, establishing the role of neurotrophic factors for neuronal survival during development.
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Viktor Hamburger |
Mary Lyon (1925 - 2014)
Mary Lyon was a UK geneticist who proposed in 1961 the theory of X chromosome inactivation, where one of the two X chromosomes in the cells of female mammals is randomly inactivated during early development. In deference to her, this process is also referred to as "Lyonisation". She also worked on other X-linkedgenetic diseases, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and haemophilia.
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Shinya Yamanaka (1962 - )
References
- ↑ <pubmed>17735292</pubmed>| Book Review
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 17) Embryology History - Embryologists. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/History_-_Embryologists
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G