Category:Carnegie Embryo 43

From Embryology

This Embryology category shows pages and images that relate to the Carnegie Collection Embryo No. 43. This embryo was classified as Carnegie stage 19 occurring during Week 7.


Stage 19 Links: Week 7 | System Development | Lecture - Limb | Lecture - Head Development | Lecture - Sensory | Science Practical - Head | Science Practical - Sensory | Science Practical - Urogenital | Carnegie Embryos | Madrid Embryos | Category:Carnegie Stage 19 | Next Stage 20
  Historic Papers: 1911 larynx | 1914 | 1954 Stage 19-23


Carnegie Collection - Stage 19 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Score Sex Year Notes
43 E, 16 Good Alc. P 50 Al. coch. 10 M 1 1894
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

References

Bardeen CR. and Lewis WH. The development of the limbs, body-wall and back. (1901) Amer. J Anat. 1: 1-36.

Lewis WH. The development of the arm in man. (1902) Amer. J Anat. 1(2): 145-184.

Lisser H. Studies on the development of the human larynx. (1911) Amer. J Anat. 12: 27-66.

Kunitomo K. The development and reduction of the tail and of the caudal end of the spinal cord (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 163-198.


Carnegie Collection - Stage 19 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Score Sex Year Notes
17 E, 18 Ch, 40x30x20 Poor Alc. P 50, 100 Al. carm. 16.5 Male 1894
43 E, 16 Good Alc. P 50 Al. coch. 10 Male 1894
293 E, 19 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 16.5 S 1905
390 E, 19 Good Formol? P Sagittal 20, (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 11.5 Male 1906 Tubal Injected

50

409 E.18 Ch, 50x40x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Copper, iron H. & erythrosin 14.5 Male 1907
432 E..18.5 Ch , 45x35x20 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 13.5 Male 1910 Tubal
576 E. 17 Ch, 60x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 15, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 d 1912 Tubal
626 E., 21.5 Ch., 40x30x21 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 14_5 6 1913
6??8 E, 20 Ch, ca. 30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 12 9 1913 Head damaged
709 E, 19 Ch. 40x35x25 Poor Alc. P Coronal 40 Al. coch, Lyons blue 15 49 1913
837 E. 21 Ch. 65x45x Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 14.5 P 1914
1324 E., 18 50x30x18 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 125 79 1915
1332 E., 19 Ch., 40x43x22 Poor Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 15 Male 1915
1390 E., 18 Ch, 40x38x15 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 10_5 Male 1915 Tubal
1534 E., 13 Ch.,35x31x25 Poor Formalin P 53% 50 Al. coch. 13.5 F 1916 Protruding midbrain
2114 E., 19.3 Ch., 49x42x33 Good Formol P Transverse 40 A1. coch. 12 M 1918
4405 E., 15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Coch, Mallory 13.5 <3 1923 Midbrain injured
4501 E, 18 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 Coch, or. G. 14.6 1924 Cystic left kidney
5609 E., 18 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 25 A1. coch. 13.5 Male
6150 E., 17 Ch., 40x39x30 Good Bouin C-P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 16.5 Male 1930 Tubal
6824 E., 18.5 Ch., 45x40x25 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 Female 1933
7900 E., 16.5 Good Bouin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 11.5 . . 1941 Tubal
8092 E., 16.3 Ch., 52 x 47 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 13 Male 1942
8913 E.,? Ch, 34 Poor Formalin p Transverse 10 Alan . 7 1951 rubella. Medical abortion. Isolated head damaged
8965 E, 19.1 Ch, 42x32x19 Good Formol—Zenker C-P Transverse 10 Borax, carm, or. G. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 173
9097 E, 21 Exc. Formol—glucose C-P Coronal 10 Azan ? . ? 1930 Univ. Chicago No H 1380
9113 E, 185 Ch, 24 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Alan > 6 1953 Rubella. Medical abortion
9325 E, 17.0 Ch, 32x28x20 Good Formalin —acetic p Transverse 15& 8-10 Azan & Ag ? - 1955 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.

Limb

Lewis WH. The development of the arm in man. (1902) Amer. J Anat. 1(2): 145-184.

Embryo XLIII measures 16 mm. V. B. and 11 mm. jST. B. It is about six weeks old. Many changes have taken place during the sixth Aveck. The entire arm has migrated posteriorly, dragging muscles and nerves with it. The brachial plexus has a decided posterior inclination. The skeletal system is much farther advanced and consists for the most part of cartilage; its individual elements are assuming more the adult form. The clavicle now unites the arm and thoracic skeletons.


The muscular tissues have become more clearly differentiated and except in the hand are easily distinguished. Muscles, such as the trapezius, serratus, and pectoral, have spread out into sheets and acquired more their permanent attachments, in the case of the trapezius, latissimus and pectorals by migTation or extension of their fibers.


In the hand, however, we find the interossei still in an undifferentiated condition like that of the deep flexor layer in embryo CIX or the serratus and infrahyoids in embryo CLXIIL'

The Skeletal System

The vertebral column. The intervertebral discs are of still more compact tissue than in embryo CIX, but they occupy only about one-fourth height of the segment, while in CIX they occupied nearly one-half the anterior-posterior length of the segment. The body of each vertebra contains a large mass of cartilage, which is continuous with the cartilage in the transverse and neural processes. Indications of the hypochordal brace of Froriep are present in connection with the ventral side of the first three discs. The anterior one is the largest, the others decreasing rapidly in size.

The ribs are composed of long, slender cartilages, surrounded by a thick perichondrium. This is continuous with the condensed tissue of the tips of the ribs. The tips of the first seven ribs are connected by a narrow strip of condensed tissue which appears to be formed by the turning anteriorly of their tips until they touch the rib above and fuse with it. Thus is formed the' anlage of one-half the sternum on either side some little distance from the median line. There is at present no sign of union of the two halves of the sternal anlagen. The first rib is fused with the median end of the clavicle. The ribs show a marked increase in their lateral convexity, as in embryo CIX there was scarcely any. There are no joint cavities between the ribs and vertebrte.

The scapula is composed largely of cartilage. It has migrated posteriorly so that less than one-half of it lies above the level of the first rib. The whole scapula is larger than in embryo CIX. There is a thick layer of perichondriuui around the cartilage and a considerable mass of condensed tissue along the vertebral border, and at the posterior angle, the cartilage reaches to the level of the third rib and the condensed tissue nearly to the fifth. The anterior border is somewhat irregular and thickened and gives origin in part to the supraspinatus muscle. The lateral lip of this border probably represents the spine and the median lip the anterior border. Projecting from the lateral side of the head and continuous with the lateral lip of the anterior border is the acromion process. It is large, curved and mostly of condensed tissue and contains a slender core of cartilage continuous with the cartilage of the body. The coracoid process arises from the median side of the head, is larger than the acromion, and contains a much larger cartilao-inous core, which is continuous with the cartilage of the body. The acromio-clavicular ligament is strongly developed.


Fig. 12. Cartilaginous slceleton of tlie arm of embryo XLIII, lateral view. X 20 diameters.


The clavicle consists of a thick mass of condensed tissue, extending from the acromion to the tip of the first rib, where it continues with the half sternal anlage. There is no line of separation at either end. There is a small core of a peculiar precartilaginous tissue.


The humerus is larger, longer and more slender in proportion to its length than in the preceding stage. The two ends are enlarged. The main portion is of cartilage snrronnded by a thick perichondrihm which is continuous with that of the head of the scapnla, forming the Ijeginning of the capsular ligament. There is also a strip of perichondrium between scapula and humerus in which there are no signs of a joint cavity. At the proximal end the perichondrium shows thickenings for the tuberosities, while at the distal end the condyles are for the most part of cartilage continuous with that of the main portion. Considerable masses of condensed tissue, however, help to increase the size of the condyles. A portion of the head of the humerus rests against the base of the eoracoid process, indicating that a portion of this is to be incorporated with the head of the scapula.


The ulna and radius are of cartilage surrounded by a thick perichondrium. This is continuous with that of the distal end of the humerus, forming the beginning of the capsule. The perichondrium of the proximal end of the radius is continuous with that of tlie adjoining surface of the ulna. The cartilages of the humerus, radius and ulna are separated from each other by condensed tissue in which no signs of cavities are present. The olecranon is quite well developed and consists mostly of cartilage. The coronoid process is mostly of condensed tissue. The great sigmoid fossa is rather shallow. The bicipital tuberosity is of condensed tissue. The distal ends of these bones are enlarged and separated from each other by condensed tissue continuous with the perichondrium of each.


The carpus consists of a condensed tissue matrix in which lie imbedded the various cartilages. The distal row is complete, the trapezium, trapezoid, os magnum and unciform. The latter has spread in between the fifth metacarpal and the cuneiform (pyramidal). In the proximal row the cuneiform and scaphoid are of cartilage and the hmar and pisiform of condensed tissue.

The metacarpus shows five slender cartilages surrounded by very thick condensed tissue layer or perichondrium. The first metacarpal cartilage is only about one-half the length of the others.

The ulnar four plialanges of the first row are present as short slender cartilages deeply imbedded in condensed tissue. In the first digit condensed tissue takes the place of the cartilage. At the tip of each digit is a mass of condensed tissue.

There are no joint cavities between the cartilages of the hand, each one is separated from its neighbor by an area of condensed tissue.


Hagen has reconstnicted the cartilaginous skeletal system of a hnman embryo of abont this age. A comparison of the drawings from the reconstructions shows that there is considerable variation in the carpal region. In none of my stages does the metacarpal come irt contact with the radius, either before or after the cartilages of thecarpus and metacarpus appear, and there is a considerable area of dense mesenchyma between metacarpus and radius. I am inclined to believe what he calls metacarpal I, may be trapezium and his so-called firstphalanx the metacarpal.

The Muscular System

Plates I and II, Figs. A and B. The trapezius muscle has both clavicular and acromial attachments. The muscle has extended posteriorly so that the muscle fibers run from theocciput to the level of the fifth rib. They are connected by a considerable interval of fascia with the dorsal ends of the cervical and all the thoracic neural processes.

The levator scapulce and serratus anterior muscles are greatly altered iit shape. The latter forms a broad, thin sheet between the dorsal border of the scapula and the first nine ribs, being attached by a digitation tO' each rib. The scapular attachment is into the condensed tissue along its dorsal border.

The pectoral mass is now spread out into a large, thin sheet, which has split into the major and minor muscles. The clavicular and sternocostal portions of the pedoralis major are separated by a considerable interval. The clavicular fibers arise from the median one-third of the clavicle and pass to the humerus. They overlap the humeral ends of the sterno-costal fibers which arise from the first six ribs and the sternal anlage.

The pedoralis minor is a distinct muscle arising from the second, third and fourth ribs and passing to the coracoid process.

The subelavius muscle is quite Avell developed and runs from the first ril) to the clavicle, having a course nearly at right angles to the latter.

The latissimus dorsi has spread out into a broad, thin sheet of muscle fibers, which are connected by fascia with the lower thoracic and lumbar neirral processes. Its humeral end is closely miited with the teres major.

The teres major muscle has about the relations found in the adult. It and the latissimus dorsi are inserted together into the humerus.

Tlie deltoid muscle is very much like the adult in its attachments and shape.

Hagen, Die Bildung des Knorpelskeletes beim mensclalicben Embryo, Arch, fiir Anat. u. Pbys., 1900.

The infraspinatus nniscle arises from the anterior portion of the lateral sin-face of the scapula and can bo easily traced to its insertion into the great tuberosity of the humerus. The teres minor cannot be separated from it.

The supraspinal us muscle arises from the anterior thickened border of the scapula and passes to the great tuberosity of the humerus.

The suhscapularis muscle occupies the central portion of the median surface of the scapula. It is separated from the teres major. It passes beneath coracoid process to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus.

The triceps muscle is easily traced from its origin by the three heads to its insertion into the olecranon process. The three heads are quite easily distinguished. The long head is smaller in proportion than in the adult.

The biceps muscle is more elongated and shows more of a separation of its two heads than in embryo CIX. The long head still arises from the base of the coracoid process. The two heads join about the middle of the humerus and pass to a thickening of condensed tissue on the radius. The short head arises in common with the coracobrachialis muscle from the tip of the coracoid process. This latter muscle is inserted into the middle of the median surface of the humerus. It is closely connected with the biceps for most of its length.

The hracJiiaUs muscle is spread out more over the distal portion of the humerus and its muscle fibers extend farther toward the insertion into the coronoid process of the ulna than in the preceding stage.

The flexor mass of the forearm and hand show a most marked advance over the preceding stage. The various muscles of the superficial layer which arise from the internal condyle are easily recognized. They are more or less fused at their origin and for some little distance from it.

The pahnaris longus muscle, the most superficial one, is thin and wide, ends in the condensed tissue of the palmar fascia.

The pronator teres muscle passes to the middle of the shaft of the radius.

The flexor carpi radialis muscle lies mostly on the radial side of the forearm, towards the distal end of which it bends under the deep flexor and ends in a condensed tissue tendon which fuses with the condensed tissue near the proximal end of the second metacarpal. This portion of the muscle is not yet clearly differentiated from the condensed tissue on the palmar surface of the caqms.

The flexor digitonim suhlimis muscle arises beneath the palmaris longus in connection with it from the internal condyle, and also from the shaft of tlie ulna, for a little distance distal of the coronoid ]~)rocess.

It is very broad and spreads out over the middle of the forearm and carpus, where it divides into fonr broad, thin tendons which fnse with the condensed tissue surrounding the distal end of the four ulnar metacarpals and first row of phalanges. The muscle fibers continue distal as far as the middle of the carpus, where the muscle becomes wider and thicker. The tendons do not show the split which is later to appear and enclose the deep flexor tendon. The strongest part of the tendons lie on the ulnar side of digits.

The deep layer of the preceding stage has undergone marked changes.

The flexor carpi ulnaris muscle is quite distinct. It arises partly from the internal condyle superficial to the sublimis and closely connected with it and the palmaris longus and partly from the ulna. The muscle at its origin is broad and thin but narrows into a condensed tissue tendon which is inserted into the os pisiform.

The flexor digitorum profundus and the flexor polUcis longus muscles arise from the surfaces of the radius and ulna and the internal condyle. They are closely imited and pass to the carpal region where division takes place into five well-formed oval tendons, which pass beneath the tendons of the sublimis, and fuse with the condensed tissue about the ends of the digits.

The pronator quadraius muscle is a small, oval mass connecting the distal ends of the ulna and radius.

The lumhride muscles are fonned. They arise from the profundus near the angles formed by the iive tendons. They are short and contain distinct muscle fibers which end in tendons that fuse with the condensed tissue on the radial side of the ulnar four digits.

The intrinsic muscles of the hand, the interossei, and muscles of the thumb and little finger, are represented by a late premuscle tissue in which a few muscle fibers are beginning to appear. These masses are more or less continuous with each other and lie on the palmar surface of the carpus and metacarpus and partially in between the latter. The distal ends of these masses fuse with the less differentiated condensed tissue about the digits.

The extensor muscles of the forearm show considerable advance over the preceding stage, but the development does not seem to have been as rapid as in the case of the flexor muscles.

Of the first group, the extensor communis digitorum and the extensor minimi digiti are united into a broad, thin sheet which divides in the metacarpal region into four broad, thin tendons that end in the condensed tissue of the four ulnar digits. The extensor carpi ulnaris closely associated with this muscle at its origin from the external condyle arises also partly from the ulna and is inserted into the condensed tissue at the proximal end of the fifth metacarpal. It is quite separate from the common extensor for the greater part of its length.

Of the second group, the hracMoradinlis is quite distinct from the extensor- carpi radialis longior et hrevior for most of its length, but at their origin, however, the two are closely connected. Both muscles are broader and larger than in the preceding stage. The extensor passes beneath the third gTOup and ends in the condensed tissue near the proximal ends of the second and third metacarpals.

The third group, which arises beneath the first from both radius and ulna, has split more or less into four parts. The proximal one, which is the most completely separated, is the supinator and passes from the ulna and external condyle to the radius. It is united with rest of this group along their ulnar origins, forming thus a continuous sheet for a short distance. The next two pass over the extensor carpi radii tendon, and fuse with the condensed tissue of the first digit. They are the abductor pollicis longits, extensor poUicis brevis and the extensor poUicis longus muscles. The fourth division is broad and thin and soon joins the deep surface of the tendon of the extensor communis and goes with it to be inserted into the condensed tissue of the second digit.

The Nerves

By the migration of the arm posteriorly the brachial plexus has been pulled caudally and given a decided posterior inclination. It has also divided into the various cords more than in the preceding stage.

The distribution of the muscle and cutaneous nerves is much as in. the adult and as in the next stage.



Larynx

Lisser H. Studies on the development of the human larynx. (1911) Amer. J Anat. 12: 27-66.

Embryo no. 43- 16 mm Sagittal sections Embryo no. 43 measures 16 mm V.B. and 4 mm N.B. about six weeks old.

The Cartilages

The thyreoid cartilage is a peculiar structure at this stage, still consisting purely of condensed mesenchyma. The lateral alae are united ventrally, but it is to the odd shape of the lateral masses, that I would call attention. Fig. 13 shows a graphic reconstruction of this cartilage from the side view. The superior cornu, fig. 13, is in evidence, and is in correct relation to the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, between which develops the thyreohyoid ligament. Another point in favor of this being the superior cornu of the thyreoid, is the attachment to it of the inferior constrictor pharyngis, as seen in fig. 11. Posterior, and below them, protrudes a curious cylindrical mass of condensed mesenchyma, which undoubtedly forms the rudiment of the inferior cornu of the thyreoid. It overlaps the cricoid and is in close apposition to it as shown in fig. 14. Probably there is no actual articular facet at this stage. Anteriorly, there is a strange projection, without apparent attachment to anything ; it seems to be evidence of greater activity of growth in the ventral part of this lateral mass, just as the superior and inferior cornua are the results of active growth in the posterior portion of this lateral mass. Apparently then, the directly lateral part lags behind temporarily, and the peculiar gap between the anterior cornu (as I call this odd projection) and the superior cornu, is filled in during the next week or so.


In the 20 mm. stage, there appears to be a slight tendency to condensation in this area, not marked enough to be included in the reconstruction of this stage.


The cricoid cartilage (fig. 10) consists of pure condensed mesenchyma, with no evidence as yei of chondrification. Although rather crude in outline, yet it begins to suggest roughly the maturer form. Its relation to the thyreoid cartilage resembles the adult rather closely, and the continued ring, ventral and dorsal, is now complete. Also, the posterior portion is enlarging and begins to show advances over the relatively slower growth of the anterior arcus, conforming with the adult type. Certainly, it is further advanced than the thyreoid cartilage.


The aryiaenoids are still represented by a roughly oval mass of condensed mesenchyma, with no accuracy of form or outline.


The aryiaenoids are still represented by a roughly oval mass of condensed mesenchyma, with no accuracy of form or outline. Fig. 10 is a reconstruction of one of them from a lateral view. The mass is continuous with the cricoid mass, as indicated by the cross lined area, (fig. 14) but its main arytaenoid portion is stained deeply enough to differentiate it absolutely from being a part of the cricoid mass.


The epiglottis shows but little advance over its condition in the earlier embryos, except for some gain in length over breadth, but the mass out of which it assumes its adult shape, is easily recognized.


The hyoid hone and styloid process begin to show small areas of chondrification, and their appearance is seen in a reconstruction fig. 13 and 14. The attachment of the middle constrictor to the greater cornu is shown in fig. 11.

The Muscles

In a 14 mm. embryo Strazza says that a muscle mass, of spindle shaped formation can be made out laterally in cross sections, but that no distinct muscles can be isolated at this stage, and that the mass simply represents laryngeal musculature. And at 16 mm. he distinguishes a muscle band, bending around with the posterior convexity, which in its upper portions he calls the arytaenoideus transversus (interarytaenoideus), but considers this band a continuous muscle mass, only differentiated later by the development of the cartilages. Further down he thinks it to be the cricoary-taenoideus lateralis and thyreoarytaenoideus, but says it is con- tinuous with the above, only spread over a greater area. So he calls the larynx musculature an arch, which however, is not entirely horizontal, but goes from above and behind, to below and in front. Now it is true that considerable interlacing of fibres exists at this stage, but not much more than occurs in careful dissections of the adult larynx. It is also true that further separation and development of the cartilages will bring about clearer differentiation of the muscles. But that a continuous muscle band, which cannot be differentiated into individual muscles, exists at this stage is not in accord with the results shown, especially in fig. 12, a reconstruction of the 16 mm. stage, and in figs. 2, 8, 9, faithful drawings of the sections of the 14 mm. embryo, and fig. 15 of the 16 mm. embryo.


The cricothyreoideus, the cricoarytaenoideus posterior, and the interarytaenoideus are definitely isolated, while the cricoarytaenoideus lateralis and thyreoarytaenoideus are clearly separated from the others aiid are about as much separated from each other as they are in the adult. There is no need of describing them any further. The figures show them all in sufficient detail.


The constrictor muscles of the pharynx and oesophagus have been reconstructed and the middle and inferior constrictors stand out rather clearly. Nicolas states that the pharynx musculature only unites from two independent lateral halves at 3 cm. I have found perfect continuity at 10.5 mm. in the lower pharyngeal portion, more union at 12.5 mm. and complete union at 14 nun.


Several of the tongue and pharynx muscles have been included in the illustrations, and it will be seen that they are very clearly isolated and well developed even at the 14 mm. stage (figs. 7-9).


For the identity of these muscles, I am under obligations to Dr. Lewis, who very kindly gave me his own sketches, from which figs. 7, 8 and 9 were developed.


The Nerves

The nerves, are reconstructed in fig. 14 and in addition to showing the superior laryngeus and n. recurrens and n. laryngeus inferior, which can be followed to their respective innervations and to their anastomosis, there is included the relations of these, to the glossopharyngeal and to the hypoglossus (also figs. 15, 16, 19, 20).

Caudal end of the spinal cord

Kunitomo K. The development and reduction of the tail and of the caudal end of the spinal cord (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 163-198.

Embryo No. 43, 16 mm Crown-Rump Length. This specimen has 37 cartilaginous vertebrae, the last being divided into three parts. There are 32 spinal ganglia. A graphic reconstruction was made of this embryo, but it is not illustrated in the figures.



Carnegie Collection - Carnegie Embryos Sorted by Stage 
Carnegie Collection - Stage 3 
Serial No. Normality No. of Blastomeres Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8663 normal 107 103x80 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Hertig etal.(1954)[1]
8794 normal 58 108x86 Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Hertig etal.(1954)[1]
Abbreviations
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 5 
Serial No. Stage Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
8020 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[2]
8155 5a Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[3]
8225 5a Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945b)[4]
8004 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hertig and Rock (1945a)[2]
8171 5b Exc Alc. C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hertig and Rock (1949)[3]
8215 5b Exc Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1944 Hertig and Rock (1945c)[5]
9350 5b Exc Bouin ? ? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1955 Heuser (1956)[6]
4900 5c Poor p P 10 p 1925 Incomplete. Streeter (1926)[7]
7699 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hertig and Rock (1941)[8]
7700 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Hertig and Rock (1941)[8]
7771 5c Exc. Bouin C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7950 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hertig and Rock (1944)[9]
8000 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Abnormal
8139 5c Exc. ? C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Incomplete. Marchetti (1945)[10]
8299 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8329 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945 Abnormal
8330 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8370 5c Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946 Abnormal
8558 5c Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1947
Stage 5 was originally subdivided into 3 sequential parts a, b, c.

Abbreviations

  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. 1.0 1.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. Adams EC. and Mulligan W.J. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. (1954) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35: 199-220.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Hertig AT. and Rock J. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 65-84.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1949. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about eight and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. Embryol., 33, 169-186
  4. Hertig AT. and Rock J. On a normal human ovum not over 7.5 days of age. (1945) Anat. Rec. 91: 281.
  5. Hertig, A. T., and Rock J. 1945c. On a normal ovum of approximately 9 to 10 days of age. Anat. Rec, 91,281.
  6. Heuser, C. H. 1956. A human ovum with an estimated ovulation age of about nine days. Anat. Rec, 124, 459.
  7. Streeter, G. L. 1926. The "Miller" ovum—the youngest normal human embryo thus far known. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 363, Contrib. Embryol., 18, 31-48.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1941. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having an ovulation age of about eleven and twelve days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29, 127-156.
  9. Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1944. On the development of the early human ovum, with special reference to the trophoblast of the previllous stage: a description of a normal and 5 pathologic human ova. Amer. J. Obstet Gynecol, 47, 149-184.
  10. Marchetti AA. A pre-villous human ovum accidentally recovered from a curettage specimen. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 107-115.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 6 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
6026 Poor ? ? 6? (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Lockyer embryo. Abnormal. Ramsey (1937)
6734 Poor Zenker—acetic P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Yale embryo. Ramsey (1938)
6900 Poor Formol P 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Linzenmeier (1914)
7634 Poor Formol P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1940 Torpin embryo. Kraflca (1941)
7762 Good Zenker—formol P 8 ? 1940 Wilson (1945)
7800 Exc. ? C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
7801 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
7850 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Abnormal
8290 Exc. Bouin C—P 8 H. phlox. 1944
8360 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944
8362 Poor p C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox 1944
8672 Exc. Ale. & Bouin C—P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949
8819 Exc. Formol—chrom. subl. C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 Edwards-Jones-Brewer (H1496). Brewer (1937, 38)[1][2]
8905 Poor Ale. p 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951 Abnormal
8910 Good Formol C—P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1951
9222 Good Bouin C—P 6 & 10 Azan 1954 Abnormal. Possibly stage 7
9250 Exc. Bouin p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
9595 Poor p p 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1958
10003 Good Bouin p 5 Various 1963
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
Carnegie Collection - Stage 7 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
7802 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Heuser et al. (1945)
8206 Good p C-P 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943
8361 Good Bouin C-P 10 p 1946 Abnormal
8602 Exc. Alc. C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1948
8752 Exc. ? C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
8755 Exc. Formol C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950
9217 Exc. p P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 8 
Serial No. Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1399 Poor Formol P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1916 "Mateer embryo" described by Streeter (1920a)[1]
3412 Poor Formol P Transverse 5-15 Al. coch. E. au., or. 1921
5960 Good Kaiserling P Transverse 5 Al. coch. & eosin 1929 Heuser (1932b)[2]
6630 Poor Formol P Oblique 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932
6815 Poor Formol P Oblique 10 Al. coch., or. G 1933
7170a and b 7545 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1935 Twins
7568 Poor Formoi C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7640 Good Formol & Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 George (1942)[3]
7666 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 "H. 1515"
7701 Exc. ? C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939
7822 Good Formoi C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940
7949 Good Zenker p Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. 1941
7972 Good Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942
8255 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1944 Slides showing embryo returned to Dr. Patten in 1962
8320 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8352 Good Formol C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8371 Poor Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1946
8671 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949
8725 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Preparation method described by Heard (1957)[4]
8727 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1949 Germ disc folded, possibly double (Hertig, 1968, fig. 180)[5]
8820 Good Zenker-formol ? Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1951 "Jones-Brewer I" (H. 1459) described by Jones and Brewer (1941)[6]
9009a and b 9123 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1952 Twins described briefly by Heuser (1954)[7]
8371 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1953
9251 Good ? C-P Sagittal 10-12 Azan, H. & phlox. 1954
9286 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1955
10157 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse ? Cason 1967
10174 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 8 Cason 1967
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. Streeter GL. A human embryo (Mateer) of the pre-somite period. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 389-424.
  2. Heuser, C. H. 1932b. A presomite human embryo with a definite chorda canal. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 433, Contrib. Embryol., 23, 251-267.
  3. George, W. C. 1942. A presomite human embryo with chorda canal and prochordal plate. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 541, Contrib. Embryol., 30, 1-7.
  4. Heard OO. Methods used by C. H. Heuser in preparing and sectioning early embryos. (1957.) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36, 1-18.
  5. Hertig, A. T. 1968. Human Tropboblast. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.
  6. Jones HO. and Brewer JI. A human embryo in the primitive-streak stage (Jones-Brewer ovum I). (1941) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29: 157-165.
  7. Heuser, C. H. 1954. Monozygotic twin human embryos with an estimated ovulation age of 17 days. Anat. Rec, 118, 310.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 9 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1878 2-3 Embryo, 1.38
Ch., 12x10.5x7.5
Good Formalin P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Described by Ingalls (1920).[1]
5080 1 Embryo, 1.5
Ch., 14.5
Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1926 Studied by Davis (1927).[2]
7650 2-3 Embryo, 2-3 Good Alc & Bouin C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Said to be female[3]
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. Ingalls, N.W. 1920. A human embryo at the beginning of segmentation, with special reference to the vascular system. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 274, Contrib. Embryol., 11, 61-90.
  2. Davis, C. L. 1927. Development of the human heart from its first appearance to the stage found in embryos of twenty paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 380, Contrib. Embryol., 19, 245-284.
  3. PARK WW. (1957). The occurrence of sex chromatin in early human and macaque embryos. J. Anat. , 91, 369-73. PMID: 13448995
Carnegie Collection - Stage 10 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
391 8 E, 2 Ch., 14 Good Formalin P 10 Al. coch. 1907 Monograph by Dandy (1910)[1]
1201 7 E,2 Ch.. 144 Good Formalin P 8 H. & or. G. 1915 Univ. Chicago No. H 87
2795 4-5 E,2 Poor Alc. P 6 Al coch,or.G. 1919
3707 12 E, 1 5 Good Formalin P 12.5 I. H. 1921 Univ. Calif. No. H 197
3709 4 E. 1.4 Ch.. 14.8 Poor Formalin P 10 Erythrosin 1921 Univ. Chicago No H 279
3710 12 E., 3.6 Ch., 19.0 Good Formalin C-P 10 H. & or. G. 1921 Univ. Chicago No. H 392
4216 8 E, 2 Ch, 9.8 Good Formalin P 15 ? 1923 Monograph by Payne (1925)[2]
5074 10 E., 3.3 Ch., 10.8 Exc. Bouin P 10 Al. coch. 1925 Univ. Rochester No. H 10. Monograph by Corner (1929)[3]
6330 7 E, 2.83 Good P 5 Ehr. H. 1931 Univ. Chicago No. H 1404
6740 12 E., 2.2 Good p C-P 8 ? 1933 Litzenberg embryo. Studied by Boyden (1940)
7251 8 E., 1.27 Good Formalin C-P 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 "Singapore embryo." Univ. Cambridge No. H 98.
Studied by Wilson (1914)[4]
8244 6 E., 1.55 Ch, 8,5 Good Alc. C-P 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) phlox. 1944
9870 12 Ch, ca. 8 Good Zenker P 5 Various, chiefly carmine 1952 Univ. Chicago. No. H 637. Dicephaly
Abbreviations
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
  • All Carnegie stage 10 embryos are cut in Transverse plane.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 11 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
12 14 E, 2.1 Ch, 13 Poor P Transverse 10 Al. carm. 1893
164 18 E, 3.5 Ch, 14 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1913
318 13/14 E, 2.5 Ch, 16 Good P Transverse 25 Al. carm. 1905
470 17 E, 4.3 Ch, 16 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm. . 1910
779 14 E, 2.75 Good C Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1913 Dysraphism. Noted by Dekaban (1964)[5]
1182b E, 3 Ch, 15x12x5 Good Formalin ? Transverse 20 Al. carm. 1915
2053 20 E, 3.1 Ch, 12 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1918 Most advanced in group. Ag added to slide 2
Monographs by Davis (1923)[6] and Congdon (1922)[7]
4315 17 E, 4.7 Ch, 23x10.4X11 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 10 I.H. & E. 1923 Univ. Chicago No. 951. Wen (1928)[8]
4529 14 E, 2.4 Ch, 21 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1924 Heuser (1930)[9]
4783 13 E, 2.3 Fair ? ? Transverse 5 I.H. 1924 Wallin (1913)[10]
4877 13 E, 2 Ch, 15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1925
5072 17 E, 3 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1925 Tubal Type specimen. Atwell (1930)[11]
6050 19/21 E.,3 Ch, 10 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1930 Advanced
6344 13 E, 2.5 Ch, 17 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 Al. coch. 1931 Least advanced in group
6784 17 E, 5 Ch, 16 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 6 I.H, or. G. 1933
7358 16 E, ? Ch, 15 Poor Alc, formol p Oblique 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7611 16 E., 2.4 Ch., 12 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938
7665 19 E., 4.36 Excellent ? C-P Transverse 6 1939 Univ. Chicago No. H 1516
7702 17 E, 3.7 Ch., 14 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1940 Returned to B M Patten
7851 13 E., 4.3 Ch, 18 Excellent Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Slightly injured
8005 16/17 E, 3 Excellent Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal
8116 17 E, 14 Ch.. 17 Good Formalin p Sagittal 8 Azan 1953
8962 15 E, 1.55 Good ? * Sagittal ? ? 1952 Tubal Univ. Chicago No. H 810
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. Dandy WE. A human embryo with seven pairs of somites measuring about 2 mm in length. (1910) Amer. J Anat. 10: 85-109.
  2. Payne, F. 1925. General description of a 7-somite human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 361, Contrib. Embryol., 16,115-124.
  3. Corner GW. A well-preserved human embryo of 10 somites. (1929) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 394, 20:81-102.
  4. Wilson JT. Observations upon young human embryos. (1914) J Anat Physiol., 48(3): 315-51 PMID 17233002 PMC1288949
  5. Dekaban AS. and Bartelmez GW. Complete Dysraphism in 14 Somite Human Embryo. (1964) A Contribution To Normal And Abnormal Morphogenesis. Am. J. Anat. 115: 27-38. PMID 14199785
  6. Davis CL. Description of a human embryo having twenty paired somites. (1923) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 332, Contrib. Embryol., 15: 1-51.
  7. Congdon ED. Transformation of the aortic-arch system during the development of the human embryo. (1922) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ 277, 14:47-110.
  8. Wen IC. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites (1928) J. Comp. Neural., 45: 301-376.
  9. Heuser CH. A human embryo with 14 pairs of somites. (1930) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 22:135-153.
  10. Wallin IE. A human embryo of thirteen somites. (1913) Amer. J Anat. 15(3): 319-331.
  11. Atwell WJ. A human embryo with seventeen pairs of somites. (1930) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 407, 21: 1-24.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 12 
Serial No. Pairs of somites Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
209 ca_24 EH3 Ch.,15 Poor Alc P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1902
250 19? E , 2 (11, 10x9x9 Poor p ? Sagittal 20 Al. coch. p
384 P E 2_5 Ch.,13 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H.&E. 1907 Macerated. Narrow yolk stalk
486 21 E.,4 Ch., 22 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 Al. Coch. 1911
1062 29 E.,4.5 Ch., 20 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1915 Transitional to next stage
2197 ? E_,5_3 Ch., 19.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch, or. G. 1918
4245-7 ca.24 E.,3.5 Ch., 24 Good Alc, formol P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1923 Caudal neuropore widely open
4479 P E.,5 .8 Ch , 17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1923 Macerated. Upper lirnb buds not visible
4736 26 E.,3.0 Ch.,20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1924 No upper limb buds. Caudal neuropore closed
4759 ? E.,4.5 Ch.,15 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Neural tube folded
4784 23 E_,3 Good P P Transverse 10 p 1924
5035 25-28 E.,3.8 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5048 ca_25 E_,3_5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925 Tubal Injured
5056 25 E,,3 Ch.,12 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1925
5206 ? E.,4 Ch., 51x31x30 Poor ?? P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Tubal
5300 ? E., 4.5 Ch,16.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1926 Autopsy. Partly macerated
5923 28 E.,4 Ch.,15 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1929
6097 25 E,3.4 Ch., 12.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch, eosin 1930 Tubal Ag added to slides 1-3
6144 27 E. 3.3 Ch.,11 Good Lysol—Zenker C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1930
6488 28 E, 32 Ch,22 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1932
6937 26 E.,3 Ch , 12 Poor Formalin C—P Coronal 10 I.H.,or.G. 1934 Tubal Caudal neuropore closed
7724 ca.29 E,3.5 Ch.,18 Good Formalin C—P Sagittal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Caudal end broken
7852 25 E , 3.7 Ch,26 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Typical for stage 12
7999 ca.28 E,3.2 Ch , 15 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Caudal defect
8505a 24 Ch, 23.5 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse P H. Phlox. 1947
8505b 23 Ch,24 Exc. Formalin C-P Sagittal p Azan 1947 Twins
8941 28 E,4.9 Ch, 35 Exc. Zenker C-P Transverse 6 I.H. 1927 Univ. Chicago No. H 1261
8942 25 E, 38 Ch, 35 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Coronal 5 11-1. 1930 Univ. Chicago No. H 1382
8943 22 E. 3.9 Ch, 20.4 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Transverse 8 H.&E. 1934 Univ. Chicago No. H 1481
8944 25 E,4 Ch,,25 Exc. Formal-Zenker C-P Sagittal 8 I.H. 1936 Univ. Chicago No. H 1514
8963 22 E, 3.8 Ch , 14.5 Fair Formalin C-P Transverse 10 I.H. 1928 Univ. Chicago. No. H 1093 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
8964 23 E,2.8 Ch - 25 Poor Formalin p Transverse 8 I.H. 1928 Univ_ Chicago No. H984 Studied by Wen (1928)[1]
9154 24 E, 5 4 Exc Formalin C-P Transverse I.H. & phlox. 1953
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 13 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
1 E.,4.5 Ch., 30x30 Poor Salicylic acid P Transverse 10 Hemat. 1887 Obtained by Mall while student
19 E., 5.5 Ch., 18x14 Poor p ? Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
98 E., 4 Ch., 24x16x9 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1896
76 E., 4.5 Ch., 22x20 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
112 E., 4 Poor p P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p
116 E., 5 Poor p ? Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1898
148 E.,4.3 Ch., 17x14x10 Poor Alc. P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1899 Abnormal. Nasal discs fused
186 E.,3.5 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1901
239 E., 3.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1903
248 E., 4.5 Ch., 30x23x15 Poor p ? Coronal 50 Al. coch. 1904
407 E.,4 Ch., 14x13X7 Poor Formalin ? Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1907
463 E., 3.9 Ch., 17x12x7 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1910
523 E., 5 Ch., 25x25x15 Fair Formalin P Transverse p Al. coch. 1911
588 E., 4.0 Ch., 19x15x8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1912 Advanced
786 E., 4.5 Ch., 19x10x10 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 15 Al. coch. 1913
800 E., 6.0 Good Corros. acetic P Transverse 10 H 1913 Curettage. Anencephaly
808 E.,4.0 Poor Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Tubal Incomplete
826 E., 5.0 Ch., 13x13x9 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914 Shrunken
836 E.,4.0 Ch., 22x18x11 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1914 Less advanced
963 E.,4.0 Ch., 23x18x16 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1914
1075 E.,6.0 Ch., 46x32x20 Exc. Corros. acetic P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1915 Most advanced in group
3956 E., 4.0 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1922 Tubal Incomplete
4046 E.,5 Ch., 22x20x20 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1922
5541 E., 6.0 Ch., 35x30x20 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1927
5682 E., 5.3 Ch., 29x25x13 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1928
5874 E., 4.8 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1929 Hysterotomy. Bromides only
6032 E., 5.8 Ch., 30x24x13 Poor Formalin P P ? p 1929 Not good enough to cut
6469 E., 5.0 Ch., 25x18x18 Poor Formalin P P P P 1932 Fragmented on cutting. Not saved
6473 E., 5.0 Ch, 30x30x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 6 Al. coch. 1932 Less advanced. Ag added
7433 E., 5.2 Ch., 15x13x13 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937 Tubal
7618 E, 48 Ch, 18x15x15 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hystereaomy. Advanced. Ag added
7669 E, 5.0 Ch., 23x16x14 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1939 Hysterectomy. Least advanced in group, Ag added
7889 E, 4.2 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Hysterectomy
8066 E,53 Ch , 20x18xI8 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Hysterectomy. Ag added to slide 2
8119 E., 5.3 Ch., 32x28x6.5 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Hysterectomy
8147 E., 5.2 Ch., 27x21x19 Poor Formalin ? ? p p 1943 Tubal Not cut
8239 E., 4.3 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 H. phlox. 1944
8372 E., 5.6 Exc. Alc.& Bouin P Transverse 10 Azan 1946
8581 E., 4.8 Good Kaiserling C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1948 Most-advanced third
8967 E., 5.7 Exc. Acetic Zenker C-P Transverse 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 Head injured. Univ. Chicago No. H1426
9296 E,4.5 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 Azan 1955
9297 E., 4.5 Exc. C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1955
9697 E., 5.5 Bouin 1956 not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 14 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
4 E.,7 Poor p P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1892
18 E.,7 Ch., 18x18 Poor p P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1895
80 E., 5.0 Ch., 24x18x8 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1897
187 E.,7 Ch., 35x30x25 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
1208 E.,7 Ch., 22x11Xx1 Poor ? P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1902
245 E.,6 Ch., 13x12x10 Poor Formol, Zenker ? Transverse 5 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1904
372 E.,7 Fair p P Transverse 10 H.-Congo red 1902
380 E,6 Ch., 20x20x14 Poor p P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906
387 E.,7 Ch., 45x40x50 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
442 E.,6 Ch., 25x20 Poor Formalin P Coronal? 50 Al. coch. 1908
552 E.,6 Ch, 40x28Xx8 Poor p P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Possible anencephaly
560 E., 7.0 Ch, 24x24 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1912
676 E., 6.0 Ch, 35x20x17 Good Carnoy P Tr.-Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Possible spina bifida
873 E,6.0 Ch., 35x28x16 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1914
988 E,6.0 Ch., 38x30x23 Good Formol-corros. acetic P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1914
1380 E , 5.7 Ch, 36x24x24 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1916
1620 E, 6.6 Ch, 35x30x8 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916
?? E, 6.68 Fair ? ? Transverse 6 Al. coch., or. G 1919
2841 E , sy Ch. 35x21 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920
3360 E.6.0 Good Formalin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or.G 1920 In myomatous uterus. Advanced.
3805 E., 5.9 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1921 Evans embryo No. 168. Serial bromides only
3960 E., 5.5 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1922 Blood vessels naturally injected
4154 E, 6.8 Ch., 33x31x20 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1923
4245-6 E., 7.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1923 Univ. Pennsylvania No. 40. Ag added
4692 E., 6.5 Ch., 32x23 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924
4672 E,8.2 Ch., 40X34X25 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1924 Advanced
4805 E., 7.3 Ch., 15X8X9 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1924 Tubal
5437 E., 7.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Advanced
5654 E., 5.0 Ch., 30x23x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928 Less advanced
5787 E., 6.8 Ch., 32x30x23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., eosin 1928
6428 E., 7.0 Ch., 30X28X25 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6, 10 Al. coch. 1931 Advanced
6500 E, 4.9* Good Souza? C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6502 E., 6.7* Exc. Souza? C-P Transverse 5, 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin. Ag added to slides 1-25
6503 E., 6.3* Exc. Souza? C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
6739 E.,8 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6830 E,5.5 Ch., 47x23x15 Exc. Formalin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1933
6848 E., 7.8 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal
7324 E, 6.6 Ch., 17x13x10 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 Low implantation
7333 E, 6.3 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936
7394 E, 7.2 Ch., 45x20x20 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7400 E, 6.3 Ch., 35x25x20 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1937
7522 E., 7.7 Ch., 33x16x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Natural blood injection
7598 E., 7.0 Ch., 30x30x25 Poor Alc. C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1938 Macerated
7667 E., 5 Ch., 16x14x12 Fair Formalin P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1939
7829 E., 7.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Advanced
7870 E,7.2 Ch., 25x20x13 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 On borderline of next stage. Ag added
8141 E,7.3 Ch.,33x28 Exc. C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Shrinkage cracks in brain
8306 E.5.3 Ch., 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 1945
8308 E, 5.85 Ch., 27x18x18 Exc. Formol & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1945
8314 E,8 Ch.,23x22 Exc. Formol C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1945
8357 E., 6.5 Good Formol C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1946
8552 E,6.5 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Transverse 8 Azan 1947
8999 E,6 Ch.,16x15 Exc. Alc. & Bouin C-P Sagittal 8 Azan 1952
9695 E,8.5 ? 1955 Not cut
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 15 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
2 E., 7.0 Ch., 25x25x25 Good Alc. P Transverse 15 Al. carm. 1888 Least-advanced third
88 E.,8 Ch., 30x28x15 Poor Alc. P Coronal P Al. coch. 1897
113 E.,8 241 E,6.0 Poor P p Sagittal 10 Borax carmine ?
241 E,6.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1904
371 E,6.6 Good Formalin P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. 1913 Shrunken and cracked
389 E., 9 Poor p p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907 Tubal
721 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x20x10 Exc. Zenker formol P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1913 Median in group
810 E., 7.0 Ch, 30x25x15 Good Alc. P Sagittal 20 Al. coch 1913
855 E.,7.5 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 1914 Pathological between limbs
1006 E,9.0 Ch., 37x26x22 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1914 Operative. Most-advanced third
1091 E,7.2 Ch., 28x26x20 Poor P P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1915 Macerated
1354 E,7.8 Ch, 35x30x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Least-advanced third
1767 E , 11.0 Ch, 41x23x5 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1917 Most-advanced third
2743 E., 7.2 Ch., 19xl8x14 Poor Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1919 Macerated. Least-advanced third
3216 E, 6.5 Ch, 30x30x5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1920 Hysterectomy. Least-advanced third
3385 E,83 Ch., 25x20x16 Exc. Corros. acetic P Trans. 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 1921 Some sections lost. Most-advanced third. Ag added
3441 E,8.0 Ch., 25x24x20 Good Formalin P Sag. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3512 E,8,5 Ch., 33x28x25 Good Formalin P Trans. 10 Al. coch. 1921
3952 E,6,7 Ch., 30x25x15 Good Formalin P Cor. 15 Al. coch. 1922 Median in group
4602 E,9.3 Ch,, 33x30x26 Good Formalin P Sag. 15 Al. coch. 1924 Medical abortion
4782 E,9.0 Ch., I4xl3x11 Poor Formalin P Cor. 20 Al. coch. 1924
5772 E, 8 Poor ? P Cor. 15 Al. coch. eosin 1928
Template:CE5?92 E, 3 Good Corros. acetic C-P Cor. 10 Al. coch. phlox 1929 Transitional to next stage
6223 E ? Poor Alc. C-P Sag. 8 Or. G. 1930 Fragmented sections. Not saved
6504
6506
6508
6595
????
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 16 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
163 E., 9.0 Ch., 35x35x20 Good Formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1899 Used by Bardeen and Lewis
221 E., 7.5 Ch., 40x33x33 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1903 Macerated
383 E., 7.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. carm., H. & Congo red 1904
397 E., 8.0 Ch., 15x15x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1907
422 E., 9.0 Ch., 30x30x30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1910 Tubal. Partly macerated
559 E., 8.6 Ch., 20x15x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1911 Cyclopia. Formerly listed as stage 17
589 E., 11 Ch., 30x13x13 Poor p P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 1912
617 E., 7.0 Ch., 18x14x12 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1912 Median in group
636 E., 10 Ch.,28x28x22 Poor Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 1913 Macerated
651f E., 7 Ch., 25x20x15 Poor p p p p p 1913 Spina bifida
675 E., 10 Ch., 50x30x25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Carmine 1915 Abnormal head and limbs
792 E., 8.0 Ch., 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1913 Advanced
887 E, 9.0 Ch., 31x28x17 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 1914 Near next stage
1121 E., 11.8 Good Corros. acetic P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Operative. Median in group
1197 E., 10.0 Ch., 23x19x15 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), or. G. 1915 Advanced
1544 E., 7.2 Good Zenker P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 1916 Tubal. Mechanical injury
1836 E., 11.0 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Most-advanced third
4677 E., 9.5 Ch., 48x36x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1924 Median in group
5515 E., 12.0 Ch., 47x37x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1927 Near next stage
6054 E., 7,0 Ch., 21x17x12 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Least-advanced third
6507 E., 9.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 & 8 Al. coch. p Middle or most-advanced third
6509 E. 8.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Least-adianced or middle third
6510 E., 10.1* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Close to No. 6507. Ag added
6511 E, 8.1* Good Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch., iron H. p Surface injured by fixative. Most-advanced third
6512 E., 7.0* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. p Least-advanced third. Borderline
6513 E., 7.2* Good Corros. acetic C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch. p Surface injured by fixative. Least advanced in group
6514 E, 9 0* Poor Corros. acetic C-P Sagittal 10 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third
6516 E., 10 5* Good Corros acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. p Most-advanced third. Double left kidney and ureter
6517 E., 10.5* Excellent Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8 Al. coch. ? Close to No. 6516
6686 E., 11.0 Ch., l7x17xP Poor Formalin C-P Coronal 20 Al. coch. 1933 Tubal. Partly macerated
6750 E., 10.0 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Tubal. Advanced
6909 E., 11.0 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Advanced
6931 E., 8.8 Ch., 3""x 33x16 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al coch., phlox. 1934 Least-advanced third. Type specimen
6950 E.. 9 0 Ch., 3lx20x18 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1934 Tubal. Partly fragmented
7?15 E., 9.7 Exc Bouin C-P Coronal 10 H. & phlox 1935 Operative. Less advanced
7629 E., 11.5 Ch., 31x31 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox 1939 Hysterectomy. Most advanced in group
7804 E., 9.5 Ch., 26x21x16 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1940 Least-advanced third
7897 E., 12.2 Ch., 31x24x23 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1941 Tubal. Advanced
8098 E., 10.0 Ch., 30 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 6 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1942 Tubal. Median in group
8112 E., 10.9 Excellent Bouin C-P Coronal 8 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Most-advanced third
8179 E., 11.9 Ch., 23x18x17 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Tubal
8436 E., 10.9 Ch., 13x15x1? Good Formalin P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Advanced
8692 E., 10 Good Bouin P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Rubella. Medical abortion. Mechanically damaged
8697 E., 11.3 Poor Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1949 Perhaps stage 17
8773 E, 11 Excellent Bouin P Coronal 10 Azan 1950
8971 E., 10 Ch., 20.5x14.5x13.7 Poor Formalin Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Synophthalmia. Univ. Chicago No. H 1439
Template:CE9055 E., ca. 10 Excellent Bouin P Transverse 20 Azan & Ag 1953 Damaged
9229 E, 9.5 Excellent Formalin P Transverse 6 Ag & (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1954 Stage 15, 16, or 17? Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 17 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Year Notes
353 E, 11.0 Ch., 40x35x20 Good Formalin P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1906 Very advanced
485 E, 13.0 Ch., 33x25 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Injected (India ink)
544 E., 11.5 Ch., 30 Good Zenker-Formol P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 1911 Operative Injected (India ink)
562 E, 13.0 Ch., 28x17x17 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 100 Al. coch. 1912 Advanced
623 E 10.1 Good Alc. P Transverse 20 H. & Congo red 1912 Operative. Median in group
695 E, 13.5 Ch., 40x40x17 Poor Formalin P Transverse 10 H. & Congo red 1913 Macerated
916 E, 11.0 Ch, 30x30x16 Good Bouin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1915 Most-advanced third
940 E, 14.0 Ch, 28x23x21 Good Formalin C Transverse 40 H.&E, or. G. 1914 Advanced
1232 E, 14.5 Ch., 35x35x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1915 Close to No.1267A
1267A E-a 145 Ch., 35x30x26 40 Good Formalin C Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin). or. G 1915 Excellent CN.S.
1267B ?? E, 125 Good Formalin p Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1917 Tubal
5642 E, 11.5 Ch.. 33x30x17 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch. 1928 Right upper limb injured
5893 E.. 13.2 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1929 Most advanced in group
6258 E. 14.0 Ch 48x35x25 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1930 Median in group
6519 E.. 10.8* Exc Corrov acetic C-P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. ? Least-advanced or middle third
6520 E., 14.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 10 Al. coch. P Median in group. Ag added to slides 1-25
6521 E., 13.2* Exc. Corros. acetic C-P Transverse 8-18 Al. coch. ? Sections vary in thinness
6631 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1932 Tubal. Advanced
6742 E, 11.0 Ch.,50x40x15 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 12 H. & phlox. 1933 Good primary germ cells
6758 E., 12.8 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 10 H. & phlox. 1933 Least—advanced third
7317 E, 10.0* Good P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1936 His embryo “Ru." Every third section
7436 E., 13.0 Good Formalin C-P Coronal 30 Al. coch. 1937 Most-advanced third
8101 E., 13.0 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Operative
8118 E., 12.6 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1943 Middle third
8253 E., 11.2 Ch.,30x20x10 Good Bouin C-P Coronal 10 Al. coch., phlox. 1944 Operative. Least advanced in group
8789 E., 11.7 Exc. Bouin C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1950
8969 E., 11.2 Exc. ? p Transverse 15 Azan 1919 Univ. Chicago No. H566
8998 E., 11.0 Exc. ? C-P Coronal 10 Azan 1952
9100 E., 12.0 Ch., 12x13x10 Exc. Formol-chrom. subl. C-P Sagittal 10 Azan 1933 Univ. Chicago No. H1475
9282 E, 12.0 Ch., 16 Good Ale. p Transverse 15 Ag 1955 Mislaid
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection Embryos - Stage 18 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Semi. ducts P.-M. duct (mm) Year Notes
109 E., 12.0* Ch.,30 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 1 0.4 1897 Tubal Least—advanced third
144 E., 16.0* Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. eoch. 3 0.85 1899 Most—advanced third
175 E., 13.0 Ch, 30x25x25 Poor Alc. P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1900 Tubal Partly macerated
296 E., 17.0 Poor Ale. P Coronal 20 Various 3 0.85 1905 Most—advanced third
317 E., 16.0 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. 2 0.7 1905 Middle third
351 E.,14.0* Good Formalin P Coronal 250 Slightly carmine— 2 038 1904 Injected (Berlin blue)
406 E., 16.0 Ch., 40x40x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.7 1907 Operative. Most—advanced third
423 E., 15.2 Good Formol—Zenker P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 0.85 1904
424 E., 172 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Carmine 3 10 1904 Double infection. Advanced
492 E, 16.8 Ch, 40 x 40 Exc. Zenker P Coronal 40 Al. coch. v 3 0.7 1911 Injected (India ink)
511 E., 160* Ch., 3?* 32x32 Good Ale. P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 3 1.1 1911 Head injured. Most advanced in group
670 E, 12.5 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 10 1913 Tubal Advanced
719 E, 15.0 Ch, 50x50x50 Good Formalin P Trans 40 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
733 E., Ch., 4Sx40x2S ISO Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 2 0.6 1913 Median in group
841 E. 15.0 Ch., 18 x 16x9 Good Formalin P Coronal & Trans, 20 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), carmine 2 0.32 1914 Operative. Head cut separately
899 E, 160* Ch. 50 x 18 x IS Good Bouin P Sagittal S0 Al. coch. 3 0,65 1914 Tubal Head injured
991 E. l?.0 Good Formalin P Sag so R, V, Gieson 3 0.9 1914 Advanced
1909 E., 14.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 20 Al. coch,or. G. 1 0.3 1917 Less advanced
2673 E.,15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.52 1919 Median in group
4430 E., 14.0 Ch, 51 x40x21 Exc. Corros. acetic P Transverse 15 Al. coch,or. G. 3 0.9 1923 Most—advanced third
5542B E., 16.0 Ch, 37x32x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 2 0.7 1927 Other twin abnormal
5747 E, 15.2 Ch, 32x27x25 Poor Alc.—formol P Sagittal 25 Al. coch. 2 0.25 1928 Least—advanced or middle third
5935A E, 13.5 Ch, 40x30x30 Good Formalin P Coronal 40 Al. coch. 1 0.38 1929 Other twin stunted
6522 E, 13.2* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 3 0.8 7 Middle or most—advanced third
6524 E, 11.7* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 10 Al. coch. 1 0.4 ? Least—advanced third
6525 E, 13.8* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 8 Al. coch. 2 0.42 ? Weak staining
6527 E, 14.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Transverse 15 Al. coch. 2 0.67 ? Mechanical damage
6528 E, 13.4* Exc. Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 8 Al. coch. 1 0.33 ? Least—advanced third
6529 E, 15.6* Good Corros. acetic C—P Coronal 10 Al. coch. 2 0.4 .5 Middle third
6533 E, 12.5* Good Corros. acetic C—P Sagittal 6, 8, 10 Al. coch. 2 0.45 ? Middle third
6551 E, 18.0 Poor Formalin p Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.8 1932 Tubal
7707 E, 14.5 Ch ,37x32 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 2 0.54 1939 Operative. Middle third
8097 E, 15.5 Ch, 37x25x21 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1 0.19 1942 Least advanced in group
8172 E, 16.5 Exc. Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 3 0.58 1943 Operative. Very advanced
8235 E, 14.0* Good Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) Mallory 2 0.25 1944 Tubal
8355 E, 15.0 Ch, 23 Exc. Formalin C—P Coronal 10 Azan 1946 Tubal. Duplicated spinal cord caudally
8812 E, 12_9 Exc Formalin C—P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 1950 Rubella. Medical abortion. Midbrain punctured
8945 E, 13.9 Good Zenker p Transverse 8 Borax, carm. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 1254
9107 E, 17.0 Ch, 38x28x22 Good Bouin p Transverse 15 Borax, carm. 1918 Univ. Chicago No. H 516
9247 E, 15.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 8 Azan 1954 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 19 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Score Sex Year Notes
17 E, 18 Ch, 40x30x20 Poor Alc. P 50, 100 Al. carm. 16.5 Male 1894
43 E, 16 Good Alc. P 50 Al. coch. 10 Male 1894
293 E, 19 Poor Ale. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 16.5 S 1905
390 E, 19 Good Formol? P Sagittal 20, (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 11.5 Male 1906 Tubal Injected

50

409 E.18 Ch, 50x40x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 Copper, iron H. & erythrosin 14.5 Male 1907
432 E..18.5 Ch , 45x35x20 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 13.5 Male 1910 Tubal
576 E. 17 Ch, 60x40 Good Formalin P Sagittal 15, 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 d 1912 Tubal
626 E., 21.5 Ch., 40x30x21 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 14_5 6 1913
6??8 E, 20 Ch, ca. 30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 12 9 1913 Head damaged
709 E, 19 Ch. 40x35x25 Poor Alc. P Coronal 40 Al. coch, Lyons blue 15 49 1913
837 E. 21 Ch. 65x45x Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 14.5 P 1914
1324 E., 18 50x30x18 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 125 79 1915
1332 E., 19 Ch., 40x43x22 Poor Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 15 Male 1915
1390 E., 18 Ch, 40x38x15 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 Al. coch. 10_5 Male 1915 Tubal
1534 E., 13 Ch.,35x31x25 Poor Formalin P 53% 50 Al. coch. 13.5 F 1916 Protruding midbrain
2114 E., 19.3 Ch., 49x42x33 Good Formol P Transverse 40 A1. coch. 12 M 1918
4405 E., 15.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 10 Coch, Mallory 13.5 <3 1923 Midbrain injured
4501 E, 18 Exc. Bouin P Transverse 15 Coch, or. G. 14.6 1924 Cystic left kidney
5609 E., 18 Exc. Formalin P Coronal 25 A1. coch. 13.5 Male
6150 E., 17 Ch., 40x39x30 Good Bouin C-P Transverse 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 16.5 Male 1930 Tubal
6824 E., 18.5 Ch., 45x40x25 Good Formalin C-P Sagittal 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 14.5 Female 1933
7900 E., 16.5 Good Bouin C-P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 11.5 . . 1941 Tubal
8092 E., 16.3 Ch., 52 x 47 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 13 Male 1942
8913 E.,? Ch, 34 Poor Formalin p Transverse 10 Alan . 7 1951 rubella. Medical abortion. Isolated head damaged
8965 E, 19.1 Ch, 42x32x19 Good Formol—Zenker C-P Transverse 10 Borax, carm, or. G. 1952 Univ. Chicago No. H 173
9097 E, 21 Exc. Formol—glucose C-P Coronal 10 Azan ? . ? 1930 Univ. Chicago No H 1380
9113 E, 185 Ch, 24 Exc. Formalin C-P Transverse 10 Alan > 6 1953 Rubella. Medical abortion
9325 E, 17.0 Ch, 32x28x20 Good Formalin —acetic p Transverse 15& 8-10 Azan & Ag ? - 1955 Tubal
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 20 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
240 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Poor Formalin P Coronal 20 Iron H. 27 d 19??
256 E, 21 poor Alc p Sagittal 25 Coch. 23 M 1904 Tubal. Partial anencephaly
353 E, 20 Poor Alc P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 22,5 M 1906
431 E, 19 Ch, 30x25x25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 25,5 M 1908 Tubal
437 E, 23 Ch., 80x60x50 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Coch 24 M 193?
453 E, 23 Ch, 60x40x30 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 20 H. & Congo red 23-5 ? 1910 Injected
460 E, 21 Exc. Bichlor. acetic P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), coch, 24.5 M 1910 injected
462 E, 20 Ch, 50x40x30 Exc. Formalin P Transverse 40 Al, coch 23.5 F 1910
635B E, 22 Poor Alc P Transverse 50 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913
657 E, 25 Ch, 35x20x15 Poor Formalin C Sagittal 40 Al, coch 26.5 M 1913 Tubal
966 E, 23 Ch, 51x38x13 Exc Bichlor. acetic P Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), aur, or. G 25 M 1911 Tubal
1134B E, 23 Poor Formalin p Sagittal 100 Al. coch., 22 - 1915
1266 E, 23.1 Poor Formalin C-P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or G 20.5 F 191?
2393 Ch, 61.5x50x35 Poor
3527 E., 22 Ch. 32x30x10 Good Formalin P Sagittal 25 Al. coch., 28 ? 1921
4059 E, 21.6 Good Formalin P Coronal 15 Al. coch., Mallory 29.5 $ 1922
4148 E, 21 Ch. 45x34x30 Good Formalin p Coronal 15 A1. coch., Mallory 19 ? 1922
4361 E, 22 Ch., 52x42x23 poor Formalin 9 Transverse 20 Coch. 24 8 1923
6202 E, 21 Ch., 35x35x22 Exc Bouin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 20.5 8 1930 Tubal
6426 E 21.5 Good Formalin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 21 3 1931
7274 E, 18.5 Ch., 48x44x35 Exc Bouin C—P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. 20 M 1936
7906 E19.5 Exc Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 22 8 1941 Left renal agenesis
8517 E., 20.8 Exc. Bouin C—P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 24 8 1943
8226 E, 18.0 Exc. Bouin C—P Sagittal 10 Alan ? 3 1944
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 21 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
22 E, 20 Ch, 35x30x30 Good Alc. P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 34.5 Female 1895
57 E, 23 Ch., ca. 30 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 36 Male 1896
128 E, 20 Ch., 50x43 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1898
229 E, 19 Poor Alc. P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 33 Female 1903
349 E, 24 Good Zenker C Coronal 250 Unstained 36 ? 1905 Double vascular injection
455 E, 24 Ch., 42x34x20 Good Alc. P Transverse 30 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36.5 Male 1910
632 E, 24 Ch., 60x50x30 Good Bichlor. acetic P Sagittal 40, 100, 250 Al. coch. 33 Female 1913 Injected
903C E, 23.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 38.5 Female 1914
1008 E, 26,4 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 39 ?? 1914
1358F E, 23 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 37.5 Female 1916
2937 E,, 24.2 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 39 Female 1920
3167 E., 24.5 Ch., 60x50x40 Poor Bichlor, acetic, formol P Transverse 20 Al. coch. 32 Male 1920
4090 E, 22.2 Ch.. 66x46x30 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Al. coch. 30 Female 1922
4160 E,25 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 39 Male 1923 Tubal
4960 E.22 Ch,, 47x42x28 Good Formalin P Transverse 15 Al. coch., Mallory 31.5 Female 1925
5??6 E. 215 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 34 Female 1927
6531 E,22 Poor Glacial acetic, C-P Transverse 10 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 31.5 Female 1931 Leitz Collection
7254 E,225 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 33.5 Male 1936
7592 E,22-> Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 36 Female 1937
7864 E., 24 Exc, Formalin C-P Frontal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 32.5 Male 1941
8553 E., 22 Exc Bouin C-P Transverse 12 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 38 Female 1947
9614 E,,22 5 Exc Bouin P Coronal 10 &15 Azan ? ? 1958 Rubella. Hysterectomy
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 22 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
392 E., 23 Ch., 45x45x25 Poor ... P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 42 Female 1907 Brödel Collection. Injected
405 E., 26 Good Formalin C Sagittal 40 Carmine 42.5 Male 1907
464 E.,26 Ch., 45x40x30 Good Formol? alc? P Sag. 100 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1910
584A E.,25 Ch., 50x42x40 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 41 ? 1913
630 E., 25 Poor Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 46 Male 1913
840 E, 24.8 Good Formalin P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 44.5 Female 1914
875 E, 27 Ch., 40x28x22 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 Al. coch. 45 Male 1914
895 E., 26 Ch., 67x62x54 Good Formalin P Transverse 25 Al. coch. 46.5 Female 1914
1315 E.,25 Good Formalin P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 40.5 Female 1915 Spina bifida and anencephaly
1458 E., 27.5 Ch, 45x45x30 Exc. Formalin C Sagittal 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 45.5 Male 1916
1894 E, 24.6 Good Formalin c Sagittal 40,80 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur, or. G. 41 Female 1917
2206 E, 27 Ch, 50x30x18 Poor Formalin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Male 1918
3681 E, 26.3 Ch, 36x36x34 Good Formalin p Transverse 25 Al. coch. 44.5 Male 1921
4304 E,25 Ch, 66x45x45 Good Bouin p Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 44.5 Female 1923 Injected
4339 E, 24.5 Good Formalin p Transverse 15 Al. coch, Mallory 46,5 Female 1923
4476 E., 26.2 Good Bouin p Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 46 Female 1923 Tubal
4638 E, 23.4 Exc. Bouin p Transverse 15,20 Al. coch, or. G. 41.5 Male 1924
6701 E, 24 Poor Formalin p Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 41 Female 1933
6832 E, 25.8 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 42 Female 1934
8394 E, 25.3 Ch, 48x50x34 Exc. Bouin C-P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), Masson 44.5 Female 1946
8948 E, 26.7 Ch, 61x51x50 Poor Formol-Zenker p Transverse 15 Ag ? ? 1952
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Stage 23 
Serial No. Size (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
45 E,28 Ch, 40x35x20 Poor ? P Coronal/Transverse 50 Al. coch. 51.5 Female 1895
75 E,30 Good Alc. P Sagittal 50 Coch. 57 Male 1897
86 E,30 Good ? ? Coronal 50 Coch. Male 1897 May be an early fetus
100 E,27 Poor ? P Sagittal 50 Al. coch. 57.5 ? 1897
108 E, 28 (est.) Poor Piurosulph. acid P Sagittal 45 Borax carm. 52.5 Male 1897
227 E30 Ch, 60x40x20 Poor Formalin P Sagittal 50, 100 Al. coch. 54 Female 1903
417 E,32 Ch., 0x60x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 100 Al. coch. 58.5 Female 1907
756A E, 27 Ch. 60x45x35 Good Formalin P Coronal 50 Al. coch. 56 Male 1913
882 E , 28 Ch, 80x80x40 Good Formalin P Transverse 40 Multiple 53 8 1913
950 E, 29 Good Formol P Transverse 50 Al. coch. 54 Male 1914
1199 E.,26 Ch,, 60x40x30 Good Formalin C Coronal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur , or. G. 54.5 Male 1915
1535 E , 28 Ch. 50x45 x15 Poor Formalin P Transverse 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 495 Female 1916
1945 E., 27.3 Ch., 83x53x22.5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 50 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 Male 1917
2561 E., 27 .5 Good Formalin C-P Transverse 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 48 .5 Male 1919
4205 E., 29.5 Good Bouin P Transverse 50 A1. coch. 55.5 Female 1923
4289 E., 32.2 Ch., 52x35x25 Good Formalin P Transverse 15, 20 A1. coch., Mallory 59 Female 1923
4525 E., 30 Good Formalin P Sagittal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 57 Male 1924
4570 E, 30.7 Ch., 52X50X28 Exc. Bouin P Transverse. 15 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) , phlox. 55 Male 1924
5154 E.,32 Good Bouin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 59.5 Male 1926
5422 E., 27 Good Formalin P Sagittal 40 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Female 1927
5621A E., 27.5 Good Formalin P Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 52.5 Male 1927 Other twin has spina bifida and fused kidneys
5725 E, 23 Good Formalin P Coronal 25 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) aur., or. G. 50.5 Female 1928
6573 E,31.5 Good Bouin C Transverse 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 58.5 Female 1932
7425 E, 27 Exc. Bouin C-P Coronal 20 (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) 47 Female 1937 Ag added
9226 E, 31 Exc. Formalin C—P Transverse 12 Azan ? Female 1954
D.122 E, 27 Exc. ? ? Transverse 19 Ag ? ? 1976 Yntema and Truex
Abbreviations
  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
Carnegie Collection - Fetal  
Serial No. Size CRL (mm) Grade Fixative Embedding Medium Plane Thinness (µm) Stain Point Score Sex Year Notes
95 40 catalogued as CRL 40 but development suggests 50 stage. Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1] Colon - Lineback (1920)[2]
96 50 Brain venous sinuses - Streeter (1915)[3] Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1] Brain vascular - Streeter (1921)[4] Brain weight - Jenkins (1921)[5]
142 125 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
145 33 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
184 50 34 vertebrae, 31 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
211 33 34 vertebra, 31 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
217 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
300 73 85 days, Bone ossification - Mall (1906)[7]
362 30 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
448 52 Colon - Lineback (1920)[2]
449 36 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
538
590 21 to 23 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
607 37 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
625 220 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
662 80 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
693 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
847 58.8 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
858 57.25 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
922 37
928 120 Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
948 45 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
972 37 34 vertebrae, 30 spinal ganglia, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
1318 37 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
1388 51 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
1455 78.5 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
1591 36 subcutaneous vascular plexus - Finley (1923)[9]
1656 67 34 vertebrae, Spinal cord - Kunitomo (1920)[1]
1686 40 Male Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
3990 49 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
4473 43 20 Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
4475 48 20 Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
5652 49 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
6581 75 Temporomandibular joint - Moffatt (1957)[8]
7218 80 20 um Spinal cord meninges - Sensenig (1951)[10]
1597b 47 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
2250a 40 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
2250b 36 Female Genital - Spaulding (1921)[6]
This table currently contains only has embryo number information.

Abbreviations

  • Size - E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion.
  • Grade - total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections.
  • Embedding medium - paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
  • Fixative - formalin (Formol), alcohol and formalin (Alc, formol), Bouin (Bouin solution)
  • Stain -
  • ? - unknown or not determined.
References
  1. 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Kunitomo K. The development and reduction of the tail and of the caudal end of the spinal cord (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 272, 9: 163-198.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Lineback PE. Studies on the longitudinal muscle of the human colon, with special reference to the development of the taeniae. (1920) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 50
  3. Streeter GL. The development of the venous sinuses of the dura mater in the human embryo. (1915) Amer. J Anat.18: 145-178.
  4. Streeter GL. The developmental alterations in the vascular system of the brain of the human embryo. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 8:7-38.
  5. Jenkins GB. Relative weight and volume of the component parts of the brain of the human embryo at different stages of development. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash., 59: 5-54.
  6. 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 Spaulding MH. The development of the external genitalia in the human embryo. (1921) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 81, 13: 69 – 88.
  7. Mall FP. On ossification centers in human embryos less than one hundred days old. (1906) Amer. J Anat. 5:433-458.
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Moffatt BC. The prenatal development of the human temporomandibular joint. (1957) Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36: .
  9. Finley EB. The development of the subcutaneous vascular plexus in the head of the human embryo. (1923) Contributions to Embryology Carnegie Institution No. 71: 155-161.
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Sensenig EC. The early development of the meninges of the spinal cord in human embryos. (1951) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 611.
Fertilization and Gestational Age - Crown-Rump Length (ultrasound
Fertilization Age
(days)
Gestational Age
GA (week.day)
Crown-Rump
Length (mm)
37 5.2 1
38 5.3 2
39 5.4 3
40 55 3
41 5.6 4
42    Week 4 6 4
43 6.1 5
44 6.2 6
45 6.3 7
46 6.4 8
47 6.5 9
48 6.6 10
49    Week 5 7 11
50 7.1 11
51 7.2 12
52 7.3 12
53 7.4 13
54 7.5 14
55 7.6 15
56    Week 6 8 17
57 8.1 18
58 8.2 19
59 8.3 20
60 8.4 21
61 8.5 22
62 8.6 22
63    Week 7 9 23
64 9.1 24
65 9.2 26
66 9.3 27
67 9.4 28
68 9.5 29
69 9.6 31
70    Week 8 10 34
71 10.1 36
72 10.2 37
73 10.3 38
74 10.4 39
75 10.5 39
76 10.6 40
77    Week 9 11 44
78 11.1 45
79 11.2 47
80 11.3 48
81 11.4 52
82 11.5 55
83 11.6 56
84    Week 10 12 57
85 12.1 58
86 12.2 60
87 12.3 61
88 12.4 63
89 12.5 64
90 12.6 65
91    Week 11 13 68
92 13.1 70
93 13.2 72
94 13.3 74
95 113.4 76
96 135 77
97 13.6 80
98    Week 12 14 81
99 14.1 84
100 14.2 85
101 14.3 86
102 14.4 87
Reference: Table data measured by ultrasound, adapted from Westerway (2015) PDF and[1]
Links: ultrasound | Fetal Development
Week: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Carnegie stage: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology Carnegie Embryo 43. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Category:Carnegie_Embryo_43

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
  1. Westerway SC, Davison A & Cowell S. (2000). Ultrasonic fetal measurements: new Australian standards for the new millennium. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol , 40, 297-302. PMID: 11065037

Media in category 'Carnegie Embryo 43'

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