Carnegie stage 5: Difference between revisions
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===Summary=== | ===Summary=== | ||
Implantation completed, inner cell mass, bilaminar embryo, trophoblast development. [[ | Implantation completed, inner cell mass, bilaminar embryo, trophoblast development, no villous development. See also [[#Events|Events]] | ||
* The '''conceptus''' completes implantation during this stage. | * The '''conceptus''' completes implantation during this stage. | ||
* The '''trophoblast cells''' (syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast) proliferate. Syncytiotrophoblast cells continue to invade the maternal endometrium and cytotrophoblast cells form clumps that will later form sites of chorionic villi formation. | * The '''trophoblast cells''' ({{syncytiotrophoblast}} and {{cytotrophoblast}}) proliferate. Syncytiotrophoblast cells continue to invade the maternal endometrium and cytotrophoblast cells form clumps that will later form sites of chorionic villi formation. | ||
* The '''maternal endometrium''' locally begins the decidual process and the endometrial stroma accumulates fluid (edematous). | * The '''maternal endometrium''' locally begins the decidual process and the endometrial stroma accumulates fluid (edematous). | ||
* The '''extraembryonic cavities''' begin to form. | * The '''extraembryonic cavities''' begin to form. | ||
* The''' bilaminar | * The''' bilaminar embryonic disc''' {{epiblast}} and {{hypoblast}} forms from the {{inner cell mass}}. | ||
<br> | |||
[[Carnegie stage 5#Historic Stage 5 Embryos|Historical]] | |||
* This stage was described as "Streeter Horizon V" and later sub-divided again into three separate sub-stages ('''a''', solid trophoblast; '''b''', trophoblastic lacunae; and '''c''', beginning merolacunar circulation). Currently these are discussed as a single stage 5. | |||
* The "embryonic disc" was called the "germ disc". | |||
|} | |||
<br> | |||
{{Carnegie stage 5 links}} | |||
{{Carnegie_stage_table_1}} | |||
{{Carnegie stages}} | |||
==Embryonic Disc== | |||
{| | |||
| [[File:Stage5_bf22L.jpg|300px]] | |||
| The "embryonic disc" was historically called the "germ disc", on the basis that it was the earliest stage (germinal) if the entire embryo. | |||
: | |||
The lefthand image (day 12 [[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 7700|Carnegie 7700]]) shows a cross-section detailed view of the bilaminar embryonic disc. | |||
The gallery below shows a number of different embryonic discs between 11 to 12 days. | |||
|} | |} | ||
<gallery caption="Embryonic Disc"> | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig34.jpg|[[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 7699|Carnegie 7699]] 11 day | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig35.jpg|[[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 7950|Carnegie 7950]] 12 day | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig36.jpg|[[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 7700|Carnegie 7700]] 12 day | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig37.jpg|[[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 8558|Carnegie 8558]] 12 day | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig38.jpg|[[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 8330|Carnegie 8330]] 12 day | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Animation== | |||
{| | {| | ||
|- | |- | ||
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==Carnegie Collection== | ==Carnegie Collection== | ||
===Stage 5a=== | ===Stage 5a=== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery caption="Streeter Horizon Va"> | ||
File:Stage5_bf07.jpg|Embryo No. | File:Hertig1956 fig09-10.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8225}} 7.5 day | ||
File:Stage5_bf08.jpg|Embryo No. | File:Hertig1956 fig11-12.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8020}} 7.5 day | ||
File:Stage5 bf06.jpg|Embryo No. | File:Hertig1956 fig13-14.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8155}} 8 day | ||
</gallery> | |||
<gallery caption="Carnegie 8155"> | |||
File:Stage5_bf07.jpg|Embryo No. {{CE8155}} | |||
File:Stage5_bf08.jpg|Embryo No. {{CE8155}} | |||
File:Stage5 bf06.jpg|Embryo No. {{CE8155}} | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
===Stage 5b=== | ===Stage 5b=== | ||
<gallery> | |||
File: | <gallery caption="Streeter Horizon Vb - 9 day"> | ||
File:Stage5_bf05.jpg| | File:Hertig1956 fig15-16.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8215}} | ||
File:Stage5_bf03.jpg| | File:Hertig1956 fig17.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8215}} embryo, chorionic cavity and trophoblast | ||
File:Hertig1956 fig18-19.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8171}} predecidual reaction | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig20.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8171}} embryo and trophoblast | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig21-22.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8004}} endometrium and intact specimen | |||
File:Hertig1956 fig23.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8004}} embryo, chorionic cavity and trophoblast | |||
</gallery> | |||
<gallery caption="Embryo No. 8004"> | |||
File:Stage5_bf04.jpg| | |||
File:Stage5 bf8004.jpg | |||
File:Stage5_bf05.jpg| | |||
File:Stage5_bf03.jpg| | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
===Stage 5c=== | ===Stage 5c=== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery caption="Streeter Horizon Vc - Surface and Cross-section view"> | ||
File: | File:Hertig1956 fig24-25.jpg|Carnegie {{CE7699}} 11 day | ||
File: | File:Hertig1956 fig26-27.jpg|Carnegie {{CE7950}} 12 day | ||
File: | File:Hertig1956 fig28-29.jpg|Carnegie {{CE7700}} 12 day | ||
File: | File:Hertig1956 fig31-32.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8558}}12-day | ||
File: | File:Hertig1956 fig32-33.jpg|Carnegie {{CE8330}} 12-day | ||
</gallery> | |||
<gallery caption="Carnegie Embryo 7699 (11 days)"> | |||
Hertig1956 fig24-25.jpg|Surface and implantation section | |||
Hertig1946b fig02.jpg | |||
Hertig1945d fig10.jpg | |||
Hertig1945d fig11.jpg | |||
Hertig1945d fig13.jpg | |||
Hertig1945d plate03.jpg | |||
Hertig1956 fig57.jpg | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
{{Carnegie Collection stage 5 table}} | {{Carnegie Collection stage 5 table}} | ||
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==Historic Stage 5 Embryos== | ==Historic Stage 5 Embryos== | ||
Historic stage 5 embryo data modified from O'Rahilly and Müller (1987).<ref name=O'RahillyMüller1987>{{Ref-O'RahillyMüller1987}}</ref> | |||
===Stage 5a=== | ===Stage 5a=== | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8225}} - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1945b). Hysterectomy (bicornuate uterus). Anterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.33 x 0.306 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.228 x 0.2 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.09 x 0.078 mm. Perhaps more advanced than [[:Category:Carnegie Embryo 8020|Carnegie No. 8020]] (Mazanec, 1959; Harris and Ramsey, 1966)<ref name=HarrisRamsey1966>{{Ref-HarrisRamsey1966}}</ref>, but has also been interpreted as less advanced.<ref name=Hertig1956>{{Ref-Hertig1956}}</ref> Photomicrograph in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956, [[:File:Hertig1956 fig09-10.jpg|fig. 9 and 10]]). Presumed age, 7 days. | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8020}} - (figs. 5-3 to 5-5). Described by Hertig and Rock (1945a).<ref name=Hertig1945a>{{Ref-Hertig1945a}}</ref> Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.45 x 0.3 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.288 x 0.186 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.126 x 0.092 mm. New model of blood vessels at implantation site has been prepared (Harris and Ramsey, 1966)<ref name=HarrisRamsey1966>{{Ref-HarrisRamsey1966}}</ref>. Presumed age, 7 days. | ||
* Fruhling, Ginglinger, and Gandar (1954) described briefly a specimen of about 8 days. Curettage. Early implantation. Few trophoblastic digitations. Beginning amniotic cavity. Most sections through embryonic disc lost. | * Fruhling, Ginglinger, and Gandar (1954) described briefly a specimen of about 8 days. Curettage. Early implantation. Few trophoblastic digitations. Beginning amniotic cavity. Most sections through embryonic disc lost. | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8155}} - (fig. 14). Described by Hertig and Rock (1949).<ref name=Hertig1949>{{Ref-Hertig1949}}</ref> Hysterectomy. Anterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.306 x 0.210 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.168 x 0.082 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.09 x 0.05 mm. “Tropho-epiblastic cavity” (Luckett, 1975). | ||
===Stage 5b=== | ===Stage 5b=== | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8171}} - Described by Hertig and Rock (1949). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Abnormal leucocytic infiltration of endometrium. Chorion, 0.422 x 0.404 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.164 X 0.138 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.114 x 0.088 mm. A cellular remnant within the umbilical vesicle, because it is probably derived from the endoderm, “may, in a sense, be regarded as an abnormal form of twin embryo” (ibid.). Presumed age, 9 days. | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8215}} - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1945c). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.525 X 0.498 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.228 X 0.21 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.084 x 0.052 mm. Lacunae perhaps further developed than in No. 8171 (Mazanec, 1959), but specimen has been “considered to be slightly younger because the decidual reaction is not yet apparent” (Hertig, Rock, and Adams, 1956). Photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956, figs. 15 and 17). Presumed age, 9 days. | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE8004}} - (figs. 5-7 to 5-9). Described by Hertig and Rock (1945a). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.582 x 0.45 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.312 X 0.185 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.132 x 0.1 mm. | ||
* | * Carnegie No. {{CE9350}} - Described briefly by Heuser (1956). Hysterectomy. At junction of posterior and anterior walls. Chorion, 0.59 x 0.58 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.3 X 0.1 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.132 x 0.09 mm. Presumed age, 9 days. | ||
===Stage 5c=== | ===Stage 5c=== | ||
* Davies-Harding | [[File:Morton1949 fig06.jpg|thumb|"Macafee" embryo<ref name=Morton1949>{{Ref-Morton1949}}</ref>]] | ||
* Carnegie No. | * '''Macafee''' - Described by Morton (1949)<ref name=Morton1949>{{Ref-Morton1949}}</ref>. Curettage. Probably belongs to stage 5. Embryonic disc not found. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * '''Davies-Harding''' - Described by Davies (1944). Hysterectomy. Anterior wall of uterus. Incomplete (almost one-half of embryonic disc missing). “No true villi.” Primary umbilical vesicle present. Extensive extra-embryonic meshwork. Slightly later stage of development than No. 8004 (Davies, 1944, Addendum), which belongs to 5b. “Possibly pathological” (Boyd and Hamilton, 1970). Chorion, 1.18 x 0.55 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.409 x 0.238 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.117 mm. May be regarded as transitional between 5b and 5c. Presumed age, 9-10 days. | ||
* Dible-West. Described by Dible and West (1941). Autopsy. Posterior wall of uterus. Incomplete. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.28 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.1 x 0.02 mm. Presumed age, 11-13 days. | * Carnegie No. {{CE7699}} - Described by Hertig and Rock (1941). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 1.026 x 0.713 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.48 x 0.336 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.138 x 0.138 mm. New model of blood vessels at implantation site has been prepared (Harris and Ramsey, 1966). Presumed age, 11 days. | ||
* Carnegie No. {{CE4900}} - Miller. Described by Streeter (1926). Curettage. Angiogenesis described by Hertig (1935). Incomplete (some sections missing). Primary umbilical vesicle present. New graphic reconstruction made by Streeter (1939a,b). Chorion, 0.9 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.4 mm. Presumed age, 10-11 days or perhaps even 12 days (Krafka,1941). | |||
* Dible-West. Described by Dible and West (1941)<ref name=Ref-Dible1941>{{Ref-Dible1941}}</ref>. Autopsy. Posterior wall of uterus. Incomplete. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.28 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.1 x 0.02 mm. Presumed age, 11-13 days. | |||
* Müller (1930) described an autopsy specimen. Only one section was near the embryonic disc. | * Müller (1930) described an autopsy specimen. Only one section was near the embryonic disc. | ||
* Wilson (1954) found a specimen by endometrial biopsy. Chorion, 0.5 x 0.6 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.24 mm. Between the amnion and the cytotrophoblast, “a small accumulation of fibroblastic cells probably represents the earliest stage of the Bauchstiel.” The endoderm is described as being “delaminated from the embryonic disc.” Presumed age, 11 days. | * Wilson (1954) found a specimen by endometrial biopsy. Chorion, 0.5 x 0.6 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.24 mm. Between the amnion and the cytotrophoblast, “a small accumulation of fibroblastic cells probably represents the earliest stage of the Bauchstiel.” The endoderm is described as being “delaminated from the embryonic disc.” Presumed age, 11 days. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * Carnegie No. {{CE7950}} - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1944). Chorion, 0.75 x 0.45 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.4 x 0.26 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.16 x 0.07 mm. Slightly more developed than No. 7699, although embryo is a little less differentiated. Photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 27 and 35). Presumed age, 12 days. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * Carnegie No. {{CE7700}} (figs. 18-22). Described by Hertig and Rock (1941). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.948 x 0.835 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.55 x 0.498 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.204 x 0.165 mm. Presumed age, 12 days. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * Carnegie No. {{CE8558}} - Measurements and photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 30 and 37). Chorion, 0.96 x 0.52 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.58 x 0.36 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.22 x 0.08 mm. Presumed age, 12 days. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * Carnegie No. {{CE8330}} - Measurements and photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 30 and 37). Chorion, 0.85 x 0.65 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.46 x 0.4 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.216 x 0.063 mm. Condensation of extra-embryonic mesoblast perhaps indicates “the beginning of axis formation” (ibid.). Presumed age, 12 days. | ||
* Kleinhans | * '''Kleinhans''' - Described by Grosser (1922). Autopsy. Only one section. Embryonic disc not seen. Chorion, 0.8 x 0.65 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.35 x 0.15 mm. | ||
* Barnes | * '''Barnes''' - Described by Hamilton, Barnes, and Dodds (1943), and further by Hamilton and Boyd (1960). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Pathological edema in endometrium (Davies, 1944). Chorion, 0.931 x 0.77 x 0.737 mm. Primary umbilical vesicle and perhaps early differentiation of secondary vesicle (Luckett, 1978). Presumed age, 10-11 days or perhaps 12 days (Davies, 1944). | ||
* '''Werner''' - (Prof. Werner Gerlach). Described by Stieve (1936), with graphic reconstruction by Florian. Autopsy. Chorion, 0.78 x 1.36 x 0.72 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.18 x 0.12 mm. Some large, round cells in the epiblast are mentioned as possible primordial germ cells. Primary umbilical vesicle and perhaps early differentiation of secondary vesicle (Luckett, 1978). Primordia (mesoblastic crests) of chorionic villi (Hertig and Rock, 1941). ‘Connecting stalk’ very indistinct. Rostrocaudal axis but no primitive streak; epiblast fused with extra-embryonic mesoblast caudally and perhaps is origin of latter (Florian, 1933 and 1945). Perhaps 12 days. | |||
* Knoth and Larsen (1972) studied an implantation site by electron microscopy. No villi, but “beginning” to form. Primary umbilical vesicle “not so easily seen.” Probably 11 days. | * Knoth and Larsen (1972) studied an implantation site by electron microscopy. No villi, but “beginning” to form. Primary umbilical vesicle “not so easily seen.” Probably 11 days. | ||
* Dankmeijer and Wielenga (1968) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete. | * Dankmeijer and Wielenga (1968) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete. | ||
* Carnegie No. | * Carnegie No. {{CE8139}}. Described by Marchetti (1945), who admitted that it is “not entirely normal.” Curettage. Chorion, 0.706 x 1.2 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.635 x 0.582 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.126 x 0.048 x 0.116 mm. Embryo located centrally in chorionic cavity, which contains a meshwork. Embryonic disc, slightly ovoid (i.e., presents a longitudinal axis). Described originally as previllous, although “primitive villi” (stage 6) are mentioned by Boyd and Hamilton (1970): folds of undulating contour of cytotrophoblast are not yet “primitive unbranching villi, although they may be the primordial of them” (Marchetti, 1945; fig. 5). Primary umbilical vesicle present. May be regarded as transitional between stages 5 and 6. Presumed age, 13 days. | ||
* Bandler (1912) found a specimen embedded in tubal mucosa and which showed “as yet absolutely no suggestion of chorionic villi.” No details available. | * Bandler (1912) found a specimen embedded in tubal mucosa and which showed “as yet absolutely no suggestion of chorionic villi.” No details available. | ||
* Pommerenke (1958) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete. Embryo not included. | * Pommerenke (1958) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete. Embryo not included. | ||
* Scipiades (1938) described a specimen that belongs either to stage 5 or to stage 6, probably the former, “but its preservation is so poor that accurate conclusions are impossible” (Hertig and Rock, 1941). Curettage. Chorion, 1.498 x 0.49 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.99 mm. Embryonic disc (only two sections available), 0.18 x 0.048 mm. Presumed age, 11-12 days. | * Scipiades (1938) described a specimen that belongs either to stage 5 or to stage 6, probably the former, “but its preservation is so poor that accurate conclusions are impossible” (Hertig and Rock, 1941). Curettage. Chorion, 1.498 x 0.49 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.99 mm. Embryonic disc (only two sections available), 0.18 x 0.048 mm. Presumed age, 11-12 days. | ||
* Thomas and van Campenhout (1963) found a specimen that probably belongs to stage 5, although some trophoblastic thickenings of a villous character were said to be present. | * Thomas and van Campenhout (1963) found a specimen that probably belongs to stage 5, although some trophoblastic thickenings of a villous character were said to be present. | ||
* [[:Category:Teacher-Bryce Embryo 1|'''Teacher-Bryce I''']]. A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by Bryce (1924). | * [[:Category:Teacher-Bryce Embryo 1|'''Teacher-Bryce I''']]. A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by Bryce (1924).<ref>{{Ref-Bryce1924}}</ref> | ||
* Sch. (Schönig). A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by von Möllendorff (1921a). | * Sch. (Schönig). A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by von Möllendorff (1921a). | ||
* Keller and Keller (1954) found a pathological specimen embedded in the stroma of the ostium uteri. | * Keller and Keller (1954) found a pathological specimen embedded in the stroma of the ostium uteri. | ||
Several pathological specimens of stage 5c are in the Carnegie Collection. Nos. | |||
Several pathological specimens of stage 5c are in the Carnegie Collection. Nos. {{CE8370}}, {{CE7770}}, {{CE8299}} (malpositioned embryonic disc, Hertig, 1968, fig. 132), {{CE8329}}, {{CE8000}} (superficial implantation), and {{CE7771}} (no embryo) were measured and illustrated by Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956).<ref name=Hertig1956>{{Ref-Hertig1956}}</ref> | |||
==Events== | ==Events== | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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[[Category:Human Embryo]] [[Category:Carnegie Stage]] [[Category:Carnegie Stage 5]] [[Category:Week 2]] | [[Category:Human Embryo]] [[Category:Carnegie Stage]] [[Category:Carnegie Stage 5]] [[Category:Week 2]] | ||
[[Category:Carnegie Embryo 8155]][[Category:Carnegie Embryo 7700]][[Category:Carnegie Embryo 8004]] | [[Category:Carnegie Embryo 8155]][[Category:Carnegie Embryo 7700]][[Category:Carnegie Embryo 8004]] | ||
[[Category:Teacher-Bryce Embryo 1]] | [[Category:Teacher-Bryce Embryo 1]][[Category:Carnegie Embryo 8171]] |
Latest revision as of 17:49, 1 October 2018
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Introduction
Facts: Week 1 - 2, size 0.1 - 0.2 mm
SummaryImplantation completed, inner cell mass, bilaminar embryo, trophoblast development, no villous development. See also Events
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Stage 5 Links: Week 2 | Implantation | Lecture | Practical | Carnegie Embryos | Category:Carnegie Stage 5 | Next Stage 6 | ||
Historic Papers: 1941 | 1944 day 9-10 | 1945 day 7.5 | 1945 day 9-10 | ||
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Week: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Carnegie stage: | 1 2 3 4 | 5 6 | 7 8 9 | 10 11 12 13 | 14 15 | 16 17 | 18 19 | 20 21 22 23 |
- Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline
Embryonic Disc
The "embryonic disc" was historically called the "germ disc", on the basis that it was the earliest stage (germinal) if the entire embryo.
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Carnegie 7699 11 day
Carnegie 7950 12 day
Carnegie 7700 12 day
Carnegie 8558 12 day
Carnegie 8330 12 day
Animation
<html5media height="300" width="250">File:Chorion 001.mp4</html5media> |
Animation (left) shows the events following implantation and focuses on changes in the the spaces surrounding the embryonic disc, the extraembryonic coelom. The blastoceol cavity is converted into two separate spaces: the yolk sac and the chorionic cavity. The third space lies above the epiblast, the amniotic cavity.
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Chorionic Cavity Movie | MP4 movie |
Surface View
This is a uterine surface view showing the site of implantation (pale region in centre of image). The conceptus can be identified located at the dark central region within the pale region.
Carnegie Collection
Stage 5a
Stage 5b
Carnegie 8215
Carnegie 8215 embryo, chorionic cavity and trophoblast
Carnegie 8171 predecidual reaction
Carnegie 8171 embryo and trophoblast
Carnegie 8004 endometrium and intact specimen
Carnegie 8004 embryo, chorionic cavity and trophoblast
Stage 5c
Carnegie 7699 11 day
Carnegie 7950 12 day
Carnegie 7700 12 day
- Hertig1956 fig31-32.jpg
Carnegie 855812-day
Carnegie 8330 12-day
Carnegie Collection - Stage 5 | ||||||||||
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Serial No. | Stage | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes | ||
8020 | 5a | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | Hertig and Rock (1945a)[1] | ||
8155 | 5a | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1943 | Hertig and Rock (1949)[2] | ||
8225 | 5a | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1944 | Hertig and Rock (1945b)[3] | ||
8004 | 5b | Exc | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | Hertig and Rock (1945a)[1] | ||
8171 | 5b | Exc | Alc. | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1943 | Hertig and Rock (1949)[2] | ||
8215 | 5b | Exc | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1944 | Hertig and Rock (1945c)[4] | ||
9350 | 5b | Exc | Bouin | ? | ? | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1955 | Heuser (1956)[5] | ||
4900 | 5c | Poor | p | P | 10 | p | 1925 | Incomplete. Streeter (1926)[6] | ||
7699 | 5c | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | Hertig and Rock (1941)[7] | ||
7700 | 5c | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1938 | Hertig and Rock (1941)[7] | ||
7771 | 5c | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | Abnormal | ||
7950 | 5c | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1941 | Hertig and Rock (1944)[8] | ||
8000 | 5c | Poor | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | Abnormal | ||
8139 | 5c | Exc. | ? | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1943 | Incomplete. Marchetti (1945)[9] | ||
8299 | 5c | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | Abnormal | ||
8329 | 5c | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | Abnormal | ||
8330 | 5c | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | |||
8370 | 5c | Poor | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | Abnormal | ||
8558 | 5c | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1947 | |||
Stage 5 was originally subdivided into 3 sequential parts a, b, c.
Abbreviations
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References
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iBook - Carnegie Embryos | |
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Historic Stage 5 Embryos
Historic stage 5 embryo data modified from O'Rahilly and Müller (1987).[1]
Stage 5a
- Carnegie No. 8225 - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1945b). Hysterectomy (bicornuate uterus). Anterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.33 x 0.306 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.228 x 0.2 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.09 x 0.078 mm. Perhaps more advanced than Carnegie No. 8020 (Mazanec, 1959; Harris and Ramsey, 1966)[2], but has also been interpreted as less advanced.[3] Photomicrograph in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956, fig. 9 and 10). Presumed age, 7 days.
- Carnegie No. 8020 - (figs. 5-3 to 5-5). Described by Hertig and Rock (1945a).[4] Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.45 x 0.3 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.288 x 0.186 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.126 x 0.092 mm. New model of blood vessels at implantation site has been prepared (Harris and Ramsey, 1966)[2]. Presumed age, 7 days.
- Fruhling, Ginglinger, and Gandar (1954) described briefly a specimen of about 8 days. Curettage. Early implantation. Few trophoblastic digitations. Beginning amniotic cavity. Most sections through embryonic disc lost.
- Carnegie No. 8155 - (fig. 14). Described by Hertig and Rock (1949).[5] Hysterectomy. Anterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.306 x 0.210 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.168 x 0.082 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.09 x 0.05 mm. “Tropho-epiblastic cavity” (Luckett, 1975).
Stage 5b
- Carnegie No. 8171 - Described by Hertig and Rock (1949). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Abnormal leucocytic infiltration of endometrium. Chorion, 0.422 x 0.404 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.164 X 0.138 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.114 x 0.088 mm. A cellular remnant within the umbilical vesicle, because it is probably derived from the endoderm, “may, in a sense, be regarded as an abnormal form of twin embryo” (ibid.). Presumed age, 9 days.
- Carnegie No. 8215 - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1945c). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.525 X 0.498 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.228 X 0.21 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.084 x 0.052 mm. Lacunae perhaps further developed than in No. 8171 (Mazanec, 1959), but specimen has been “considered to be slightly younger because the decidual reaction is not yet apparent” (Hertig, Rock, and Adams, 1956). Photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956, figs. 15 and 17). Presumed age, 9 days.
- Carnegie No. 8004 - (figs. 5-7 to 5-9). Described by Hertig and Rock (1945a). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.582 x 0.45 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.312 X 0.185 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.132 x 0.1 mm.
- Carnegie No. 9350 - Described briefly by Heuser (1956). Hysterectomy. At junction of posterior and anterior walls. Chorion, 0.59 x 0.58 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.3 X 0.1 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.132 x 0.09 mm. Presumed age, 9 days.
Stage 5c
- Macafee - Described by Morton (1949)[6]. Curettage. Probably belongs to stage 5. Embryonic disc not found.
- Davies-Harding - Described by Davies (1944). Hysterectomy. Anterior wall of uterus. Incomplete (almost one-half of embryonic disc missing). “No true villi.” Primary umbilical vesicle present. Extensive extra-embryonic meshwork. Slightly later stage of development than No. 8004 (Davies, 1944, Addendum), which belongs to 5b. “Possibly pathological” (Boyd and Hamilton, 1970). Chorion, 1.18 x 0.55 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.409 x 0.238 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.117 mm. May be regarded as transitional between 5b and 5c. Presumed age, 9-10 days.
- Carnegie No. 7699 - Described by Hertig and Rock (1941). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 1.026 x 0.713 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.48 x 0.336 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.138 x 0.138 mm. New model of blood vessels at implantation site has been prepared (Harris and Ramsey, 1966). Presumed age, 11 days.
- Carnegie No. 4900 - Miller. Described by Streeter (1926). Curettage. Angiogenesis described by Hertig (1935). Incomplete (some sections missing). Primary umbilical vesicle present. New graphic reconstruction made by Streeter (1939a,b). Chorion, 0.9 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.4 mm. Presumed age, 10-11 days or perhaps even 12 days (Krafka,1941).
- Dible-West. Described by Dible and West (1941)[7]. Autopsy. Posterior wall of uterus. Incomplete. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.28 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.1 x 0.02 mm. Presumed age, 11-13 days.
- Müller (1930) described an autopsy specimen. Only one section was near the embryonic disc.
- Wilson (1954) found a specimen by endometrial biopsy. Chorion, 0.5 x 0.6 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.47 x 0.24 mm. Between the amnion and the cytotrophoblast, “a small accumulation of fibroblastic cells probably represents the earliest stage of the Bauchstiel.” The endoderm is described as being “delaminated from the embryonic disc.” Presumed age, 11 days.
- Carnegie No. 7950 - Described briefly by Hertig and Rock (1944). Chorion, 0.75 x 0.45 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.4 x 0.26 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.16 x 0.07 mm. Slightly more developed than No. 7699, although embryo is a little less differentiated. Photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 27 and 35). Presumed age, 12 days.
- Carnegie No. 7700 (figs. 18-22). Described by Hertig and Rock (1941). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Chorion, 0.948 x 0.835 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.55 x 0.498 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.204 x 0.165 mm. Presumed age, 12 days.
- Carnegie No. 8558 - Measurements and photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 30 and 37). Chorion, 0.96 x 0.52 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.58 x 0.36 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.22 x 0.08 mm. Presumed age, 12 days.
- Carnegie No. 8330 - Measurements and photomicrographs in Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956; figs. 30 and 37). Chorion, 0.85 x 0.65 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.46 x 0.4 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.216 x 0.063 mm. Condensation of extra-embryonic mesoblast perhaps indicates “the beginning of axis formation” (ibid.). Presumed age, 12 days.
- Kleinhans - Described by Grosser (1922). Autopsy. Only one section. Embryonic disc not seen. Chorion, 0.8 x 0.65 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.35 x 0.15 mm.
- Barnes - Described by Hamilton, Barnes, and Dodds (1943), and further by Hamilton and Boyd (1960). Hysterectomy. Posterior wall of uterus. Pathological edema in endometrium (Davies, 1944). Chorion, 0.931 x 0.77 x 0.737 mm. Primary umbilical vesicle and perhaps early differentiation of secondary vesicle (Luckett, 1978). Presumed age, 10-11 days or perhaps 12 days (Davies, 1944).
- Werner - (Prof. Werner Gerlach). Described by Stieve (1936), with graphic reconstruction by Florian. Autopsy. Chorion, 0.78 x 1.36 x 0.72 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.18 x 0.12 mm. Some large, round cells in the epiblast are mentioned as possible primordial germ cells. Primary umbilical vesicle and perhaps early differentiation of secondary vesicle (Luckett, 1978). Primordia (mesoblastic crests) of chorionic villi (Hertig and Rock, 1941). ‘Connecting stalk’ very indistinct. Rostrocaudal axis but no primitive streak; epiblast fused with extra-embryonic mesoblast caudally and perhaps is origin of latter (Florian, 1933 and 1945). Perhaps 12 days.
- Knoth and Larsen (1972) studied an implantation site by electron microscopy. No villi, but “beginning” to form. Primary umbilical vesicle “not so easily seen.” Probably 11 days.
- Dankmeijer and Wielenga (1968) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete.
- Carnegie No. 8139. Described by Marchetti (1945), who admitted that it is “not entirely normal.” Curettage. Chorion, 0.706 x 1.2 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.635 x 0.582 mm. Embryonic disc, 0.126 x 0.048 x 0.116 mm. Embryo located centrally in chorionic cavity, which contains a meshwork. Embryonic disc, slightly ovoid (i.e., presents a longitudinal axis). Described originally as previllous, although “primitive villi” (stage 6) are mentioned by Boyd and Hamilton (1970): folds of undulating contour of cytotrophoblast are not yet “primitive unbranching villi, although they may be the primordial of them” (Marchetti, 1945; fig. 5). Primary umbilical vesicle present. May be regarded as transitional between stages 5 and 6. Presumed age, 13 days.
- Bandler (1912) found a specimen embedded in tubal mucosa and which showed “as yet absolutely no suggestion of chorionic villi.” No details available.
- Pommerenke (1958) described a specimen of stage 5. Curettage. Incomplete. Embryo not included.
- Scipiades (1938) described a specimen that belongs either to stage 5 or to stage 6, probably the former, “but its preservation is so poor that accurate conclusions are impossible” (Hertig and Rock, 1941). Curettage. Chorion, 1.498 x 0.49 mm. Chorionic cavity, 0.99 mm. Embryonic disc (only two sections available), 0.18 x 0.048 mm. Presumed age, 11-12 days.
- Thomas and van Campenhout (1963) found a specimen that probably belongs to stage 5, although some trophoblastic thickenings of a villous character were said to be present.
- Teacher-Bryce I. A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by Bryce (1924).[8]
- Sch. (Schönig). A pathological specimen of stage 5 described by von Möllendorff (1921a).
- Keller and Keller (1954) found a pathological specimen embedded in the stroma of the ostium uteri.
Several pathological specimens of stage 5c are in the Carnegie Collection. Nos. 8370, 7770, 8299 (malpositioned embryonic disc, Hertig, 1968, fig. 132), 8329, 8000 (superficial implantation), and 7771 (no embryo) were measured and illustrated by Hertig, Rock, and Adams (1956).[3]
Events
- Mitosis - cells on surface of blastocyst (trophoblast cells) divide more rapidly than the inner cells (inner cell mass, embryoblast)
- Implantation - adhesion to endometrium epithelium and implantation through this layer into the underlying uterine storm.
- Endocrine signalling - trophoblast cells secrete hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin/Gonadotrophin) the signal of pregnancy.
- Cell invasion and fusion - trophoblast cells spread through the maternal uterine wall and also fuse together to form specialised multi-nucleated cells.
- Corpus luteum - signal from trophoblasts maintain this endocrine tissue in the maternal ovary that secretes progesterone.
References
- ↑ O'Rahilly R. and Müller F. Developmental Stages in Human Embryos. Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 637 (1987).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Harris JWS. and Ramsey EM. The morphology of human uteroplacental vasculature. (1966) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 625, 38: 43-58.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hertig AT. Rock J. and Adams EC. A description of 34 human ova within the first 17 days of development. (1956) Amer. J Anat., 98:435-493.
- ↑ Hertig AT. and Rock J. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. (1945) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 557, 31: 65-84.
- ↑ Hertig AT. and Rock J. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about eight and nine days respectively. (1949) Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 583, 33: 169-186.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Morton WRM. Two early human embryos. (1949) J. Anat., 83: 308-314.
- ↑ Dible JH. and West CM. A human ovum at the previllous stage. (1941) J Anat. 75(3): 269–281. PMID 17104860
- ↑ Bryce TH. Observations on the early development of the human embryo. (1924) Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 53: 533-567.
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 16) Embryology Carnegie stage 5. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_stage_5
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