Musculoskeletal System - Muscle Development Timeline: Difference between revisions
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These notes summarise the timecourse of development of skeletal muscle in humans. | These notes summarise the timecourse of development of skeletal muscle in humans. | ||
{{Musculoskeletal Links}} | {{Musculoskeletal Links}} | ||
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* '''Muscle patterning in mouse and human abdominal wall development and omphalocele specimens of humans.''' | * '''Muscle patterning in mouse and human abdominal wall development and omphalocele specimens of humans.'''{{#pmid:22976993|PMID22976993}} "We hypothesized that omphalocele is the result of an arrest in the secondary abdominal wall development and predicted that we would observe delays in myoblast maturation and an arrest in secondary abdominal wall development. To look for evidence in support of our hypothesis, we performed a histological analysis of normal human abdominal wall development and compared this to mouse. We also conducted the first histological analysis of two human specimens with omphalocele. In these two omphalocele specimens, secondary abdominal wall development appears to have undergone an arrest around Carnegie Stage 19. " | ||
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! More recent papers | ! More recent papers | ||
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| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg|90px|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}} | | [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg|90px|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}} | ||
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Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Muscle+Development+Timeline ''Muscle Development Timeline''] | Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Muscle+Development+Timeline ''Muscle Development Timeline''] | ||
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==Muscle Types== | |||
{{Muscle fibre type table}} | |||
{{Muscle fibre type collapsible table}} | |||
==Abdominal Wall== | ==Abdominal Wall== | ||
The data below is from a recent analysis of human and mouse | The data below is from a recent analysis of human and mouse abdominal wall development.{{#pmid:22976993|PMID22976993}} Using the human [[Kyoto Collection]] embryos. | ||
{| | {| | ||
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|- | {| | ||
! colspan=3|Abdominal Wall Development | |||
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! colspan=2|Human | |||
! Mouse | |||
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| width = 100px|Carnegie stage | | bgcolor="CEDFF2" width = 100px|Carnegie stage | ||
| width = 100px|days | | bgcolor="CEDFF2" width = 100px|days | ||
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| E33 | | E33 | ||
| [[:Category:Mouse E10.5|E10.5]] | | [[:Category:Mouse E10.5|E10.5]] | ||
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| [[Carnegie stage 17|17]] | | [[Carnegie stage 17|17]] | ||
| E42 | | E42 | ||
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| E44 | | E44 | ||
| [[:Category:Mouse E12.5|E12.5]] | | [[:Category:Mouse E12.5|E12.5]] | ||
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| [[Carnegie stage 21|21]] | | [[Carnegie stage 21|21]] | ||
| E54 | | E54 | ||
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| [[:Category:Mouse E15.5|E15.5]] | | [[:Category:Mouse E15.5|E15.5]] | ||
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| {{Mouse E days}} | | {{Mouse E days}} | ||
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===Human Detailed=== | |||
{{Abdominal Wall Muscle Timeline table}} | |||
[[International_Classification_of_Diseases|International Classification of Diseases]] - [[International_Classification_of_Diseases_-_XVII_Congenital_Malformations|XVII Congenital Malformations]] - [[International_Classification_of_Diseases_-_XVII_Congenital_Malformations#Q79_Congenital_malformations_of_the_musculoskeletal_system.2C_not_elsewhere_classified|Q79 Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system - Q79.2 Exomphalos Omphalocele Excl.: umbilical hernia (K42.-)]] | |||
:'''Links:''' [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Abnormalities#Omphalocele| | :'''Links:''' [[Timeline human development]] | [[Gastrointestinal_Tract_-_Abnormalities#Omphalocele|Omphalocele]] | ||
==Historic Limb Data== | ==Historic Limb Data== | ||
[[Book_-_Manual_of_Human_Embryology |Manual of Human Embryology]] by Franz Keibel and Franklin P. Mall (1910) | [[Book_-_Manual_of_Human_Embryology |Manual of Human Embryology]] by Franz Keibel and Franklin P. Mall (1910) |
Latest revision as of 13:59, 7 January 2019
Embryology - 16 Jun 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
These notes summarise the timecourse of development of skeletal muscle in humans.
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Muscle Development Timeline |
Muscle Types
Fibre Type | Type I fibres | Type II a fibres | Type II x fibres | Type II b fibres |
---|---|---|---|---|
Contraction time | Slow | Moderately Fast | Fast | Very fast |
Size of motor neuron | Small | Medium | Large | Very large |
Resistance to fatigue | High | Fairly high | Intermediate | Low |
Activity Used for | Aerobic | Long-term anaerobic | Short-term anaerobic | Short-term anaerobic |
Maximum duration of use | Hours | <30 minutes | <5 minutes | <1 minute |
Power produced | Low | Medium | High | Very high |
Mitochondrial density | High | High | Medium | Low |
Capillary density | High | Intermediate | Low | Low |
Oxidative capacity | High | High | Intermediate | Low |
Glycolytic capacity | Low | High | High | High |
Major storage fuel | Triglycerides | Creatine phosphate, glycogen | Creatine phosphate, glycogen | Creatine phosphate, glycogen |
Myosin heavy chain, human genes |
MYH7 | MYH2 | MYH1 | MYH4 |
Muscle Fibre Type | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Fibre Type | Type I fibres | Type II a fibres | Type II x fibres | Type II b fibres |
Contraction time | Slow | Moderately Fast | Fast | Very fast |
Size of motor neuron | Small | Medium | Large | Very large |
Resistance to fatigue | High | Fairly high | Intermediate | Low |
Activity Used for | Aerobic | Long-term anaerobic | Short-term anaerobic | Short-term anaerobic |
Maximum duration of use | Hours | <30 minutes | <5 minutes | <1 minute |
Power produced | Low | Medium | High | Very high |
Mitochondrial density | High | High | Medium | Low |
Capillary density | High | Intermediate | Low | Low |
Oxidative capacity | High | High | Intermediate | Low |
Glycolytic capacity | Low | High | High | High |
Major storage fuel | Triglycerides | Creatine phosphate, glycogen | Creatine phosphate, glycogen | Creatine phosphate, glycogen |
Myosin heavy chain, human genes |
MYH7 | MYH2 | MYH1 | MYH4 |
Links: Muscle Development | Muscle Development Timeline |
Abdominal Wall
The data below is from a recent analysis of human and mouse abdominal wall development.[1] Using the human Kyoto Collection embryos.
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Human Detailed
Carnegie Stage | Day | Mouse | Event |
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14 | 33 | E10.5 | mesoderm of primary body wall non-compact, coalesced in the ventral midline to create the abdominal cavity. Liver and stomach present. Dermomyotomes that are derived from somites have been formed. |
16 | 40 | Migration distance about 25% of the hemicircumference of the abdominal cavity. Lateral plate mesoderm has become more condensed and thicker in the area around the myoblasts. Primary abdominal wall ventral to this region was thinner and less dense. Suggests both myoblasts and connective tissue may migrate into the primary body wall or active cell proliferation. | |
17 | 42 | E11.5 | cells now migrated about 50% of the distance to the ventral midline. Inner and outer layers not yet not discernible. |
18 | 44 | E12.5 | Separation of myoblasts into distinct inner and outer layers. Myoblasts in both inner and outer layers began to exhibit unidirectional orientation. Abdominal wall thicker (500 μm) in region where secondary structures forming compared with primary body wall region (260 μm). More dorsally positioned regions, outermost layer of connective tissue comprised approximately half of this thickness. |
19 | 48 | Segregation of the myoblasts into four distinct muscle groups with unidirectional orientation of myoblasts. Myoblasts migrated over half of the distance to the ventral midline. Abdominal wall remains thickest in the area where the muscles migrated and again the outermost layer of connective tissue comprises approximately half of the total thickness of the abdominal wall in this region. Primary abdominal wall that is ventral to the migrating myoblasts noticeably thinner. Human rectus completely separated after migrating over half the distance to the midline. In mouse, the rectus is not segregated from the other muscles until reaching the midline. | |
21 | 54 | E14.5 | Myoblasts have reached the ventral midline and myotubes were present and oriented uniformly within all muscle groups. Rectus abdominis formed distinct bundles of muscle indicating that development and differentiation of this muscle were more prominent in humans than in mice. Connective tissue layers form majority of the thickness of the abdominal wall, outermost layer of connective tissue majority of thickness. |
23 | 58 | E15.5 | Rectus muscle forms 2 or 3 distinct layers and myotube orientation remained uniform in all muscles. External oblique and internal oblique expand in terms of thickness. Transversus remained a thin layer of muscle. Thickness of the connective tissue was reduced. The orientation of connective tissue layers in the obliques and transversus abdominis was dorsal to ventral. |
Table Data[1] |
International Classification of Diseases - XVII Congenital Malformations - Q79 Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system - Q79.2 Exomphalos Omphalocele Excl.: umbilical hernia (K42.-)
- Links: Timeline human development | Omphalocele
Historic Limb Data
Manual of Human Embryology by Franz Keibel and Franklin P. Mall (1910)
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Hip
Prenatal
Birth
Postnatal
Mouse Limb Muscle
Change in cell types and tissue formation as a function of mouse developmental stage.[2]
- Links: Mouse Development
References
Reviews
<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed>
Articles
<pubmed></pubmed>
Search PubMed
Search Pubmed: Abdominal Wall Development
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
Terms
Glossary Links
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 16) Embryology Musculoskeletal System - Muscle Development Timeline. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Musculoskeletal_System_-_Muscle_Development_Timeline
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G