Carnegie stage 2: Difference between revisions
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==Some Recent Findings== | |||
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* '''{{Mouse}} - Asymmetric expression of maternal mRNA governs first cell-fate decision'''{{#pmid:34694646|PMID34694646}} "The goal of preimplantation development is to establish the fates of the embryonic and extra-embryonic cells. However, when and how cell fates are determined during early mammalian embryonic development remains unclear. We report that the high mobility group (HMG) protein family member HMGA1 was distributed differentially in mouse two-cell {{blastomere}}s. Knockdown of Hmga1 expression in one of the two cells reduced the number of cells contributing to the inner cell mass (ICM), suggesting that differential distribution of HMGA1 in the blastomeres in two-cell {{mouse}} embryos affected the selection of embryonic cell lineages. Mechanistically, HMGA1 promotes the expression of the ICM-specific gene {{Sox2}}. The results of this study show that mouse embryos demonstrate heterogeneity as early as the two-cell stage, and that these differences are related to cell-fate differentiation in early mouse embryos." | |||
Revision as of 14:11, 1 December 2021
Embryology - 30 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
First cell mitotic divisions of the zygote forming initially 2 blastomeres that continue to divide to form the morula, a "berry", a solid mass of cells.
This early mitosis is a unique embryonic cell cycle (M, S, M phases) compared to adult (M, G1, S, G2, M phase). With virtually no G1 or G2 phases this results in a reduction in cytoplasmic volume of each daughter cell with each cell division. Summary
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Week: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Carnegie stage: | 1 2 3 4 | 5 6 | 7 8 9 | 10 11 12 13 | 14 15 | 16 17 | 18 19 | 20 21 22 23 |
- Carnegie Stages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | About Stages | Timeline
Two-cell segmenting egg | Mid-serial section two-cell |
Human Embryo (day 2) | Human Embryo (day 3) |
See also Human oocyte to blastocyst
Carnegie Collection
Two cell blastomere (1-2 days)
Carnegie Collection - Stage 2 | ||||||||||
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Serial No. | Normality | No. of Blastomeres | Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes | |
8190 | abnormal | 9 | 160x104 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | Iron h., or G | 1943 | Hertig et al. (1954) | |
8260 | in vitro | 2 | 50x75 | Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1944 | Menkin and Rock (1948) | |
8450 | abnormal | 8 | 100x96 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1947 | Hertig et al. (1954) | |
8452 | abnormal | 12 | 110x93 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | Hertig et al. (1954) | |
8500.1 | in vitro | 3 | 50x86 | Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1947 | Menkin and Rock (1948) | |
8630 | abnormal | 5 | 104x94 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1948 | Hertig et al. (1954) | |
8698 | normal | 2 | 122x88 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1949 | Hertig et al. (1954) | |
8904 | normal | 12 | 115 | Specimen lost | 1951 | Hertig et al. (1954) | ||||
Abbreviations
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Events
Some Recent Findings
ReferencesHertig AT. Rock J. and Adams EC. A description of 34 human ova within the first 17 days of development. (1956) Amer. J Anat., 98:435-493. Additional Images
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 30) Embryology Carnegie stage 2. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Carnegie_stage_2
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