Abnormal Development - Air Pollution: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
[[File:Particulate matter.jpg|thumb|300px|Particulate matter comparative size]] | |||
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Air pollution has recently been identified through statistical studies to be involved with abnormal development (See also {{smoking}}). With industrialisation and vehicle produced air pollution, it can consist of particulate matter, {{heavy metals}} and a range of {{Chemicals}}. | Air pollution has recently been identified through statistical studies to be involved with abnormal development (See also {{smoking}}). With industrialisation and vehicle produced air pollution, it can consist of particulate matter, {{heavy metals}} and a range of {{Chemicals}}. |
Revision as of 11:07, 5 March 2019
Embryology - 26 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
Air pollution has recently been identified through statistical studies to be involved with abnormal development (See also smoking). With industrialisation and vehicle produced air pollution, it can consist of particulate matter, heavy metals and a range of chemicals.
Vehicle traffic air pollution can consist of several different components including: (elemental carbon, nitrogen dioxide, and ultrafine particle matter (10-700 nm).
In addition to their direct toxic effects, the potential reduction in fetal growth and long-term effects should also be considered. Much of the basic research relies on studies in various animal models of development and we should also consider the ongoing development of new industrial products in the environment with unknown or untested effects upon development.
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Air Pollution Teratology |
Older Papers |
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These papers originally appeared in the Some Recent Findings table, but as that list grew in length have now been shuffled down to this collapsible table.
See also the Discussion Page for other references listed by year and References on this current page.
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Particulate Matter
Fine ambient particulate matter consists of small particles of 2.5 μm or less in size. While ultrafine particle matter occurs in the range of 10-700 nm.
Asthma
Flow limitation during tidal expiration in early life significantly associated with the development of physician-diagnosed asthma by the age of 2 years. Infants with abnormal lung function soon after birth may have a genetic predisposition to asthma or other airway abnormalities that predict the risk of subsequent lower respiratory tract illness. Asthma phenotypes have a number of different classifications; allergic asthma, intrinsic or nonallergic asthma, infectious asthma, and aspirin-exacerbated asthma, and environmental exposures (occupational agents, smoking, air pollution, cold dry air).[5]
A recent Dutch PIAMA birth cohort study has shown that air pollution exposure is associated with a lower lung function in schoolchildren.[6]
References
- ↑ Ladd-Acosta C, Feinberg JI, Brown SC, Lurmann FW, Croen LA, Hertz-Picciotto I, Newschaffer CJ, Feinberg AP, Fallin MD & Volk HE. (2019). Epigenetic marks of prenatal air pollution exposure found in multiple tissues relevant for child health. Environ Int , 126, 363-376. PMID: 30826615 DOI.
- ↑ Liu C, Li Q, Yan L, Wang H, Yu J, Tang J, Yao H, Li S, Zhang Y & Guo Y. (2019). The association between maternal exposure to ambient particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less during pregnancy and fetal congenital anomalies in Yinchuan, China: A population-based cohort study. Environ Int , 122, 316-321. PMID: 30455103 DOI.
- ↑ Guxens M, Lubczyńska MJ, Muetzel RL, Dalmau-Bueno A, Jaddoe VWV, Hoek G, van der Lugt A, Verhulst FC, White T, Brunekreef B, Tiemeier H & El Marroun H. (2018). Air Pollution Exposure During Fetal Life, Brain Morphology, and Cognitive Function in School-Age Children. Biol. Psychiatry , 84, 295-303. PMID: 29530279 DOI.
- ↑ Sunyer J, Esnaola M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Forns J, Rivas I, López-Vicente M, Suades-González E, Foraster M, Garcia-Esteban R, Basagaña X, Viana M, Cirach M, Moreno T, Alastuey A, Sebastian-Galles N, Nieuwenhuijsen M & Querol X. (2015). Association between traffic-related air pollution in schools and cognitive development in primary school children: a prospective cohort study. PLoS Med. , 12, e1001792. PMID: 25734425 DOI.
- ↑ Hekking PP & Bel EH. (2014). Developing and emerging clinical asthma phenotypes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract , 2, 671-80; quiz 681. PMID: 25439356 DOI.
- ↑ Finke I, de Jongste JC, Smit HA, Wijga AH, Koppelman GH, Vonk J, Brunekreef B & Gehring U. (2018). Air pollution and airway resistance at age 8 years - the PIAMA birth cohort study. Environ Health , 17, 61. PMID: 30016982 DOI.
Reviews
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External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) | Implementation | U.S. Department of Labor
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention Screening Young Children for Lead Poisoning: Guidance for State and Local Public Health Officials | CDC - Blood Lead Levels United States, 1999-2002 | CDC - Childhood Lead Poisoning Publications
- Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint
- UK Information Sheet - Cadmium and you Working with cadmium - Are you at risk?
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Abnormal Development - Air Pollution. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Abnormal_Development_-_Air_Pollution
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G