Developmental Signals - Fibroblast Growth Factor: Difference between revisions
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==Limb== | |||
FGF soaked beads (FGF-1, FGF-2 and FGF-4) are capable of inducing additional limbs in chicken embryos.<ref name=PMID7889567><pubmed>7889567</pubmed></ref> A later study<ref name=PMID8674413><pubmed>8674413</pubmed></ref> identified the endogenous signal as Fgf-8 from initially the intermediate mesoderm and then the prelimb field ectoderm for limb initiation and outgrowth, respectively. | |||
:'''Links:''' [[Musculoskeletal System - Limb Development|Limb Development]] | [[Chicken Development]] | |||
==Hearing== | ==Hearing== | ||
Revision as of 10:20, 16 November 2016
Embryology - 8 Jun 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGF) were originally identified by their ability to stimulate fibroblast cell proliferation but have a role in a growing number of different tissues development and differentiation and continue to have a role in the adult.
The first two identified factors were originally given the nomenclature of acidic or basic. We now know there to be at least 22 different human FGFs (Fgf1–Fgf23). These protein growth factors are bound by 4 different cell membrane receptors (FGFR1-4). FGFRs belong to the tyrosine kinase receptor family.
The mammalian Fgf family can be divided into the intracellular Fgf11/12/13/14 subfamily (iFGFs), the endocrine hormone-like Fgf15/21/23 subfamily (hFGFs), and the paracrine canonical Fgf subfamilies, including Fgf1/2/5, Fgf3/4/6, Fgf7/10/22, Fgf8/17/18, and Fgf9/16/20.
Factor Links: AMH | hCG | BMP | sonic hedgehog | bHLH | HOX | FGF | FOX | Hippo | LIM | Nanog | NGF | Nodal | Notch | PAX | retinoic acid | SIX | Slit2/Robo1 | SOX | TBX | TGF-beta | VEGF | WNT | Category:Molecular |
Protein Properties
Human FGF
- ~150–300 amino acids
- have a conserved ~120-residue core with ~30–60% identity
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Fibroblast Growth Factor <pubmed limit=5>Fibroblast Growth Factor</pubmed> |
Older papers |
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These papers originally appeared in the Some Recent Findings table, but as that list grew in length have now been shuffled down to this collapsible table.
See also the Discussion Page for other references listed by year and References on this current page.
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Endoderm
Chicken antero-posterior endoderm patterning[8]
- Links: Endoderm | Chicken Development
Mesoderm
A Putative Model for the role of Sprouty4 as a mediator that links the mouse segmentation clock to the gradient of FGF signaling. [9]
The FGF signaling may be periodically inhibited by Sprouty4, by which temporal periodicity of Notch segmentation clock may be translated to spatial periodicity of the array of somites.
- In the PSM - FGF signaling establishes a posterior-to-anterior gradient, which is involved in the positioning of presumptive somite boundaries.
- Cyclic Sprouty4
- which is controlled by the Notch segmentation clock, the mechanism of which includes negative feedback loop of Hes7,
- may inhibit the FGF signaling possibly around the anterior border of the FGF signaling positive area
- where the FGF signaling is close to its threshold.
- S - somite
- PS - presumptive somite.
- Links: Somitogenesis | Axial Skeleton Development | Notch | FGF
Respiration
Lung Buds
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) expression in mesoderm required for initial lung buds, through FGFR2IIIb transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor protein.
Branching
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) form a feedback loop for branching
- mesenchyme produced FGF10 signals to the distal epithelium to upregulate SHH expression.
- SHH then feeds back to inhibit Fgf10 expression in the adjacent mesenchyme, dividing in two the Fgf10 expression domain.
- new FGF10 signaling domains serve as two chemoattractant sources, leading to bifurcation of the epithelial tip.
Loop process mediated through FGF-activated transcription factor genes Etv4 and Etv5.[11]
Limb
FGF soaked beads (FGF-1, FGF-2 and FGF-4) are capable of inducing additional limbs in chicken embryos.[12] A later study[13] identified the endogenous signal as Fgf-8 from initially the intermediate mesoderm and then the prelimb field ectoderm for limb initiation and outgrowth, respectively.
- Links: Limb Development | Chicken Development
Hearing
- fibroblast growth factor 1 - (Fgf-1) a growth factor released from cochlea sensory epithelium which stimulates spiral ganglion neurite branching.
- fibroblast growth factor 8 - (Fgf-8) a growth factor released by inner hair cells which regulates pillar cell number, position and rate of development.
- fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 - (Fgfr-3) a tyrosine kinase receptor with a role in the commitment, differentiation and position of pillar cells in the organ of corti
- Links: Hearing
Abnormalities
- FGFR1 mutation has been associated with the relatively milder form of Pfeiffer syndrome type 1.
- FGFR2 and FGFR3 have been associated with the Apert, Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndromes.
References
- ↑ Itoh N. Hormone-like (endocrine) Fgfs: their evolutionary history and roles in development, metabolism, and disease. Cell Tissue Res. 2010 Oct;342(1):1-11. PMID20730630
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 <pubmed>24304493</pubmed>| BMC Dev Biol.
- ↑ <pubmed>26130757</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>26081573</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>22988910</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>21074523</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>19741606</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>19516907</pubmed>| PLoS One.
- ↑ <pubmed>19440349</pubmed>| PMC2680047 | PLoS One
- ↑ [StemBook Cambridge (MA): Harvard Stem Cell Institute; 2008-. Specification and patterning of the respiratory system
- ↑ <pubmed>26555052</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>7889567</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>8674413</pubmed>
Reviews
Articles
<pubmed>20582225</pubmed>
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 8) Embryology Developmental Signals - Fibroblast Growth Factor. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Developmental_Signals_-_Fibroblast_Growth_Factor
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G