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==Molecular Factors in Cardiac Development== | |||
Identification of the predominant molecular and genetic factors involved in cardiac development. | Identification of the predominant molecular and genetic factors involved in cardiac development. | ||
===Transcription Factors=== | |||
* '''Nk''' family transcription factors are expressed in all animals with contractile vascular cells and hence are crucial for myocardial development; Nkx2.5 is specifically required for left ventricular chamber development. | |||
* '''Gata''' family transcription factors interact with Nk factors to promote differentiation of cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endoderm; Gata4 regulates myocardial expression and is required for fusion of the heart tubes in the ventral midline; Gata5 is required for endocardial differentiation. | |||
* [[Developmental_Signals_-_Tbx|T-box]] - (Tbx) genes play an important role in cardiac morphogenesis; Tbx1 may play a role in neural crest proliferation/function; Tbx2 plays a significant role in chamber specification; Tbx5 is required for atrial septation. | |||
* '''Pitx2''' is a left-sided transcription factor that controls normal cardiac morphogenesis by regulating cell proliferation. | |||
===Signalling Molecules=== | |||
* [[Developmental_Signals_-_Bone_Morphogenetic_Protein|Bone morphogenetic protein]] - (BMP) (particularly Bmp2) is expressed in cardiogenic mesoderm and is important for specification and myocardial differentiation. | |||
* [[Developmental_Signals_-_Wnt|Wnt]] - signalling inhibition promotes cardiogenesis in the cardiogenic mesoderm. | |||
* [[Developmental_Signals_-_Fibroblast_Growth_Factor|Fibroblast growth factor]] - (Fgf) acts alongside Bmp to allow for myocardial differentiation. Fgf8 is expressed in cardiogenic mesoderm and hence allows for cardiac specification. | |||
* [[Developmental_Signals_-_Notch|Notch]] - signalling establishes sub-populations within the cardiogenic mesoderm by regulating asymmetric cell division. Notch also has an inhibitory effect on myocardial differentiation. | |||
*'''Cripto''' mediates Nodal signalling to allow for myocardial differentiation. | |||
{{Factor Links}} | |||
{{Footer}} | |||
[[Category:Heart ILP]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Heart]] [[Category:Molecular]] |
Latest revision as of 12:35, 8 October 2014
Molecular Factors in Cardiac Development
Identification of the predominant molecular and genetic factors involved in cardiac development.
Transcription Factors
- Nk family transcription factors are expressed in all animals with contractile vascular cells and hence are crucial for myocardial development; Nkx2.5 is specifically required for left ventricular chamber development.
- Gata family transcription factors interact with Nk factors to promote differentiation of cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endoderm; Gata4 regulates myocardial expression and is required for fusion of the heart tubes in the ventral midline; Gata5 is required for endocardial differentiation.
- T-box - (Tbx) genes play an important role in cardiac morphogenesis; Tbx1 may play a role in neural crest proliferation/function; Tbx2 plays a significant role in chamber specification; Tbx5 is required for atrial septation.
- Pitx2 is a left-sided transcription factor that controls normal cardiac morphogenesis by regulating cell proliferation.
Signalling Molecules
- Bone morphogenetic protein - (BMP) (particularly Bmp2) is expressed in cardiogenic mesoderm and is important for specification and myocardial differentiation.
- Wnt - signalling inhibition promotes cardiogenesis in the cardiogenic mesoderm.
- Fibroblast growth factor - (Fgf) acts alongside Bmp to allow for myocardial differentiation. Fgf8 is expressed in cardiogenic mesoderm and hence allows for cardiac specification.
- Notch - signalling establishes sub-populations within the cardiogenic mesoderm by regulating asymmetric cell division. Notch also has an inhibitory effect on myocardial differentiation.
- Cripto mediates Nodal signalling to allow for myocardial differentiation.
Factor Links: AMH | hCG | BMP | sonic hedgehog | bHLH | HOX | FGF | FOX | Hippo | LIM | Nanog | NGF | Nodal | Notch | PAX | retinoic acid | SIX | Slit2/Robo1 | SOX | TBX | TGF-beta | VEGF | WNT | Category:Molecular |
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Molecular & Genetic Cardiac Development Factors.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Molecular_%26_Genetic_Cardiac_Development_Factors.jpg
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
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