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| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg|90px|left]] This historic 1941 textbook by Nonidez describes both embryology and histology.
| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg|90px|left]] This historic 1941 textbook by Nonidez describes both embryology and histology.
See also [[File:Histology and Embryology 1941.pdf]]
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{{History Links}}
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{{Nonidez1941 TOC}}
=Histology and Embryology=
=Histology and Embryology=


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==Preface==
==Preface==


 
This outline presents in condensed form the most important facts concerning the structure and development of the organs of the human body. Following the trend in American textbooks of Histology, the microscopic anatomy of the central nervous system is not included; it will be found in the outline of Neuro-Anatomy of this series. At the risk of putting undue emphasis on structure it was deemed advisable to omit those functional interpretations which are still the subject of controversy; in some instances, however, the different points of view are briefly mentioned.
This outline presents in condensed form the most important facts concerning the structure and development of  
the organs of the human body. Following the trend in  
American textbooks of Histology, the microscopic anatomy  
of the central nervous system is not included; it will be  
found in the outline of Neuro-Anatomy of this series. At  
the risk of putting undue emphasis on structure it was  
deemed advisable to omit those functional interpretations  
which are still the subject of controversy; in some instances,  
however, the different points of view are briefly mentioned.
 
Several textbooks have been consulted during the preparation of this outline, and the subject matter so arranged
as to conform broadly with those in common use. Its value
will be increased if the student furnishes his own illustrations copied from actual preparations, for which adequate space has been provided. It must be remembered,
nevertheless, that the outline is not intended as a laboratory guide but merely as a supplement to a textbook.  




Several textbooks have been consulted during the preparation of this outline, and the subject matter so arranged as to conform broadly with those in common use. Its value will be increased if the student furnishes his own illustrations copied from actual preparations, for which adequate space has been provided. It must be remembered, nevertheless, that the outline is not intended as a laboratory guide but merely as a supplement to a textbook.


==Contents==
==Contents==
Line 60: Line 50:
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Histology|'''Histology''']]
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Histology|'''Histology''']]


 
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Histology 1|'''The Cell''']]
PART ONE: THE CELL


I. Structure, i  
I. Structure, i  
Line 69: Line 58:
III. Degeneration and death, 4  
III. Degeneration and death, 4  


PART TWO: THE TISSUES
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Histology 2|'''The Tissues''']]


Epithelium


Epithelium, 6
I. Covering epithelium


I. Covering epithelium, 6
II. Glandular epithelium


II. Glandular epithelium, 7
III. Neuroepithelium


III. Neuroepithelium, 9
Blood and Lymph


Blood and Lymph, 9
I. Blood


I. Blood, 9
II. Lymph


II. Lymph, n
The Supporting Tissues, ii


The Supporting Tissues, ii
I. Connective tissue


I. Connective tissue, 11
II. Reticulo-endothelium


II. Reticulo-endothelium, 13
III. Cartilage


III. Cartilage, 14
IV. Bone


IV. Bone, 15
Muscular Tissue


Muscular Tissue, 20
I. Smooth muscle


I. Smooth muscle, 20
II. Striated (skeletal) muscle


II. Striated (skeletal) muscle, 21
III. Cardiac muscle


III. Cardiac muscle, 23
Nervous Tissue


Nervous Tissue, 24
I. Nerve cells (neurones)


I. Nerve cells (neurones), 24
II. Neuroglia


II. Neuroglia, 33
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Histology 3|'''The Organs''']]


PART THREE: THE ORGANS
The Blood Vascular System


The Blood Vascular System, 34
I. The blood vessels


I. The blood vessels, 34
II. The heart


II. The heart, 37


The Lymphatic System


The Lymphatic System, 39
I. Lymphatic vessels


I. Lymphatic vessels, 40
II. Lymph nodes


II. Lymph nodes, 40
III. The tonsils


III. The tonsils, 41
IV. The thymus


IV. The thymus, 42
V. The spleen


V. The spleen, 43
The Integument


The Integument, 45
I. The skin


I. The skin, 45
II. The cutaneous glands


II. The cutaneous glands, 47
III. The hair


III. The hair, 48
IV. The nails


IV. The nails, 49
V. Nerves


V. Nerves, 50
The Digestive System


The Digestive System, 50
I. General structural plan


I. General structural plan, 50
II. The mouth


II. The mouth, 51
III. The salivary glands


III. The salivary glands, 52
IV. The tongue


IV. The tongue, 53
V. The teeth


V. The teeth, 55
VI. The pharynx


VI. The pharynx, 56
VII. The oesophagus


VII. The oesophagus, 56
VIII. The stomach


VIII. The stomach, 57
IX. The small intestine


IX. The small intestine, 59
X. The large intestine and vermiform appendix


X. The large intestine and vermiform appendix, 61
XI. The pancreas


XI. The pancreas, 62
XII. The liver


XII. The liver, 63
The Respiratory System


The Respiratory System, 66
I. Nasal cavity and nasopharynx


I. Nasal cavity and nasopharynx, 66
II. The larynx


II. The larynx, 66
III. The trachea and main bronchi


III. The trachea and main bronchi, 67
IV. The lungs


IV. The lungs, 68
The Urinary System


The Urinary System, 70
I. The kidney


I. The kidney, 70
II. The renal pelvis and ureter


II. The renal pelvis and ureter, 74
III. The urinary bladder


III. The urinary bladder, 74
IV. The urethra


IV. The urethra, 75
The Male Genital System


The Male Genital System, 76
I. The testis


I. The testis, 76
II. The excretory ducts


II. The excretory ducts, 78
III. Accessory genital glands


III. Accessory genital glands, 79
IV. The penis


IV. The penis, 80
The Female Genital System


The Female Genital System, 8i
I. The ovary


I. The ovary, 81
II. The oviduct (Fallopian tube)


II. The oviduct (Fallopian tube), 85
III. The uterus


III. The uterus, 85
IV. The vagina


IV. The vagina, 88
V. The external genitalia


V. The external genitalia, 88
VI. The mammary gland


VI. The mammary gland, 89
The Endocrine Glands


The Endocrine Glands, 90
I. The hypophysis cerebri (pituitary gland)


I. The hypophysis cerebri (pituitary gland), 90
II. The thyroid


II. The thyroid, 92
III. The parathyroids


III. The parathyroids, 93
IV. The suprarenal glands


IV. The suprarenal glands, 93
V. The pineal (epiphysis cerebri)


V. The pineal (epiphysis cerebri), 94
The Sense Organs


The Sense Organs, 95
I. The organ of taste


I. The organ of taste, 95
II. The organ of smell


II. The organ of smell, 95
III. The eye


III. The eye, 96
IV. The ear
 
IV. The ear, 10 1


[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Embryology|'''Embryology''']]
[[Histology_and_Embryology_1941_-_Embryology|'''Embryology''']]
Line 239: Line 227:
PART ONE: GENERAL DEVELOPMENT  
PART ONE: GENERAL DEVELOPMENT  


Fertilization, Cleavage and the Origin of the Germ  
Fertilization, Cleavage and the Origin of the Germ Layers
Layers, 105


I. Fertilization, 105
I. Fertilization


II. Cleavage (segmentation) of the mammalian ovum, 106
II. Cleavage (segmentation) of the mammalian ovum


III. Gastrulation, 107
III. Gastrulation


IV. Formation of the mesoderm, 107
IV. Formation of the mesoderm


Early Differentiations of the Germ Layers; Development of the External Form, 108
Early Differentiations of the Germ Layers; Development of the External Form


I. Early differentiations of the germ layers, 108
I. Early differentiations of the germ layers


II. Development of the external form, no
II. Development of the external form


Human Fetal Membranes, Placentation and Deciduae, 114
Human Fetal Membranes, Placentation and Deciduae


I. Fetal appendages and membranes, 114
I. Fetal appendages and membranes


II. Placentation, 116
II. Placentation


III. The deciduae, 118
III. The deciduae


IV. The placenta, 119
IV. The placenta


PART TWO: ORGANOGENESIS


PART TWO: ORGANOGENESIS
Endodermic Derivatives  
Endodermic Derivatives  


The Digestive System, 120
The Digestive System


I. Introductory remarks, 120
I. Introductory remarks


II. The organs of the mouth cavity, 121
II. The organs of the mouth cavity


III. The pharynx, 123
III. The pharynx


IV. The digestive tube, 125
IV. The digestive tube


V. The liver, 126
V. The liver


VI. The pancreas, 127
VI. The pancreas


The Respiratory System, 127
The Respiratory System


I. Early development, 127
I. Early development


II. The larynx, 127
II. The larynx


III. The trachea, 128
III. The trachea


IV. The lungs, 128
IV. The lungs


Mesodermic Derivatives  
Mesodermic Derivatives  


The Mesenteries and Coelom, 129
The Mesenteries and Coelom


I. The mesenteries, 129
I. The mesenteries


II. The coelom (body cavity), 130
II. The coelom (body cavity)


The Vascular System, 13 i
The Vascular System


I. Origin of the blood and hemopoiesis in the embryo, 13 1
I. Origin of the blood and hemopoiesis in the embryo


II. The early vascular system, 132
II. The early vascular system


III. Development of the heart, 133
III. Development of the heart


IV. Development of the arteries, 136
IV. Development of the arteries


V. Development of the veins, 138
V. Development of the veins


VI. Fetal circulation and changes at birth, 139
VI. Fetal circulation and changes at birth


The Urogenital System, 140
The Urogenital System


I. The urinary organs, 140
I. The urinary organs


II. The genital organs, 143
II. The genital organs


The Skeletal System, 148
The Skeletal System


I. Connective tissue, 148
I. Connective tissue


II. Cartilage, 148
II. Cartilage


III. Bone. Development of the skeleton, 148
III. Bone. Development of the skeleton


The Muscular System, 15 i
The Muscular System


I. The visceral musculature, 15 1
I. The visceral musculature


II. The skeletal musculature, 15 1
II. The skeletal musculature


Ectodermic Derivatives  
Ectodermic Derivatives  


The Integument and Its Derivatives, 153
The Integument and Its Derivatives


I. The skin, 153
I. The skin


II. The hair, 154
II. The hair


III. The sebaceous glands, 154
III. The sebaceous glands


IV. The sweat glands, 154
IV. The sweat glands


V. The mammary glands, 155
V. The mammary glands


The Nervous System, 155
The Nervous System


I. The central nervous system, 155
I. The central nervous system


II. The peripheral nervous system, 162
II. The peripheral nervous system


The Sense Organs, 165
The Sense Organs


I. The organ of taste, 165
I. The organ of taste


II. The nose, 165
II. The nose


III. The eye, 166
III. The eye


IV. The ear, 168
IV. The ear


BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Nonidez JF. Histology and Embryology. (1941) Oxford University Press, London.

   Histology and Embryology 1941: Histology - 1 The Cell | 2 The Tissues | 3 The Organs     Embryology - 1 General Development | 2 Organogenesis | Bibliography
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This historic 1941 textbook by Nonidez describes both embryology and histology.

See also File:Histology and Embryology 1941.pdf

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Histology and Embryology

By

José Fernandez Nonidez Sc.D. (1892-1947)

Professor Of Anatomy, Cornell University Medical College, N. Y.


Oxford Medical Outline Series

University College London


Oxford University Press

London New York Toronto

Copyright, 1941, by Oxford University Press, New York, Inc.


Preface

This outline presents in condensed form the most important facts concerning the structure and development of the organs of the human body. Following the trend in American textbooks of Histology, the microscopic anatomy of the central nervous system is not included; it will be found in the outline of Neuro-Anatomy of this series. At the risk of putting undue emphasis on structure it was deemed advisable to omit those functional interpretations which are still the subject of controversy; in some instances, however, the different points of view are briefly mentioned.


Several textbooks have been consulted during the preparation of this outline, and the subject matter so arranged as to conform broadly with those in common use. Its value will be increased if the student furnishes his own illustrations copied from actual preparations, for which adequate space has been provided. It must be remembered, nevertheless, that the outline is not intended as a laboratory guide but merely as a supplement to a textbook.

Contents

Histology

The Cell

I. Structure, i

II. Reproduction, 3

III. Degeneration and death, 4

The Tissues

Epithelium

I. Covering epithelium

II. Glandular epithelium

III. Neuroepithelium

Blood and Lymph

I. Blood

II. Lymph

The Supporting Tissues, ii

I. Connective tissue

II. Reticulo-endothelium

III. Cartilage

IV. Bone

Muscular Tissue

I. Smooth muscle

II. Striated (skeletal) muscle

III. Cardiac muscle

Nervous Tissue

I. Nerve cells (neurones)

II. Neuroglia

The Organs

The Blood Vascular System

I. The blood vessels

II. The heart


The Lymphatic System

I. Lymphatic vessels

II. Lymph nodes

III. The tonsils

IV. The thymus

V. The spleen

The Integument

I. The skin

II. The cutaneous glands

III. The hair

IV. The nails

V. Nerves

The Digestive System

I. General structural plan

II. The mouth

III. The salivary glands

IV. The tongue

V. The teeth

VI. The pharynx

VII. The oesophagus

VIII. The stomach

IX. The small intestine

X. The large intestine and vermiform appendix

XI. The pancreas

XII. The liver

The Respiratory System

I. Nasal cavity and nasopharynx

II. The larynx

III. The trachea and main bronchi

IV. The lungs

The Urinary System

I. The kidney

II. The renal pelvis and ureter

III. The urinary bladder

IV. The urethra

The Male Genital System

I. The testis

II. The excretory ducts

III. Accessory genital glands

IV. The penis

The Female Genital System

I. The ovary

II. The oviduct (Fallopian tube)

III. The uterus

IV. The vagina

V. The external genitalia

VI. The mammary gland

The Endocrine Glands

I. The hypophysis cerebri (pituitary gland)

II. The thyroid

III. The parathyroids

IV. The suprarenal glands

V. The pineal (epiphysis cerebri)

The Sense Organs

I. The organ of taste

II. The organ of smell

III. The eye

IV. The ear

Embryology

PART ONE: GENERAL DEVELOPMENT

Fertilization, Cleavage and the Origin of the Germ Layers

I. Fertilization

II. Cleavage (segmentation) of the mammalian ovum

III. Gastrulation

IV. Formation of the mesoderm

Early Differentiations of the Germ Layers; Development of the External Form

I. Early differentiations of the germ layers

II. Development of the external form

Human Fetal Membranes, Placentation and Deciduae

I. Fetal appendages and membranes

II. Placentation

III. The deciduae

IV. The placenta

PART TWO: ORGANOGENESIS

Endodermic Derivatives

The Digestive System

I. Introductory remarks

II. The organs of the mouth cavity

III. The pharynx

IV. The digestive tube

V. The liver

VI. The pancreas

The Respiratory System

I. Early development

II. The larynx

III. The trachea

IV. The lungs

Mesodermic Derivatives

The Mesenteries and Coelom

I. The mesenteries

II. The coelom (body cavity)

The Vascular System

I. Origin of the blood and hemopoiesis in the embryo

II. The early vascular system

III. Development of the heart

IV. Development of the arteries

V. Development of the veins

VI. Fetal circulation and changes at birth

The Urogenital System

I. The urinary organs

II. The genital organs

The Skeletal System

I. Connective tissue

II. Cartilage

III. Bone. Development of the skeleton

The Muscular System

I. The visceral musculature

II. The skeletal musculature

Ectodermic Derivatives

The Integument and Its Derivatives

I. The skin

II. The hair

III. The sebaceous glands

IV. The sweat glands

V. The mammary glands

The Nervous System

I. The central nervous system

II. The peripheral nervous system

The Sense Organs

I. The organ of taste

II. The nose

III. The eye

IV. The ear

BIBLIOGRAPHY


   Histology and Embryology 1941: Histology - 1 The Cell | 2 The Tissues | 3 The Organs     Embryology - 1 General Development | 2 Organogenesis | Bibliography

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Book - Histology and Embryology 1941. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Book_-_Histology_and_Embryology_1941

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