Pig Development: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 09:41, 22 April 2010
Introduction
Pig (Sus scrofa) developmental model is studied extensively due to the commercial applications of pigs for meat production and for health issues such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and organ transplantation (xenotransplantation).
Taxon
Taxonomy ID: 9823
Genbank common name: pig
Inherited blast name: even-toed ungulates
Rank: species
Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard)
Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 2 (Vertebrate Mitochondrial)
Other names: wild boar, swine, pigs
Lineage (full): cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Fungi/Metazoa group; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Coelomata; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Tetrapoda; Amniota; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Cetartiodactyla; Suina; Suidae; Sus
Pig Development
- The gestation period of a pig is 112 to 114 days.
- Female pigs can become pregnant at around 8 to 18 months of age.
- The pig has an estrus cycle occurring every 21 days if not bred.
- Male pigs become sexually active at 8 to 10 months of age.
- A litter of piglets is between 6 and 12 piglets.
Neural Development
The data below is summarised from an excellent study of early neural development in the pig.[1]
- 7 somite embryo - first apposition of the neural folds occurs at somite levels 5-7. (corresponds to closure site I in mouse).
- next stage - rostral and caudal parts of the rhombencephalic folds appose, leaving an opening in between.
- at this stage four neuropores can be distinguished, of which the anterior and posterior ones will remain open longest. (two rhombencephalic closure sites have no counterpart in the mouse, but do have some resemblance to those of the rabbit)
anterior neuropore
- closes in three phases
- dorsal folds slowly align and then close instantaneously, the slow progression being likely due to a counteracting effect of the mesencephalic flexure
- dorso-lateral folds close in a zipper-like fashion in caudo-rostral direction
- final round aperture is likely to close by circumferential growth.
22 somite embryo - anterior neuropore is completely closed. (closure sites for the anterior neuropore in mouse embryo, none of these were detected in the pig embryo)
posterior neuropore
- closes initially very fast in the somitic region, but this process almost stops thereafter.
- stage 20-22 somites the posterior neuropore suddenly reduces in size but thereafter a small neuropore remains for 5 somite stages.
- closure of the posterior neuropore is completed at the stage of 28 somites.
8-20 somite embryos - the width of the posterior neuropore does not change, while the rate of closure gradually increases.
References
- ↑ Neurulation in the pig embryo. van Straaten HW, Peeters MC, Hekking JW, van der Lende T. Anat Embryol (Berl). 2000 Aug;202(2):75-84. PMID: 10985427
Reviews
Articles
Search PubMed
- pig development - All (22158) Review (1443) Free Full Text (6175)
- pig embryo - All (7265) Review (518) Free Full Text (1792)
Search Pubmed: pig development | pig embryo | Sus scrofa development
External Links
- NCBI - Pig Genome
- USA - PigBase a computer database that includes information on papers published about gene mapping in the pig.
- NSW Agriculture - Pig breeds and breeding
- AGBU - Pig Genetics
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 28) Embryology Pig Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Pig_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G