Grasshopper Development

Embryology - 1 Dec 2023        Expand to Translate
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Introduction

Grasshopper

There is available a USDA and the Agricultural Research Service field guide that describes development in the western grasshopper.

Some Recent Findings

Embryonic development of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus "The existing cricket embryonic staging system is fragmentary, and it is based on morphological landmarks that are not easily visible on a live, undissected egg. To address this problem, here we present a complementary set of "egg stages" that serve as a guide for identifying the developmental progress of a cricket embryo from fertilization to hatching, based solely on the external appearance of the egg. These stages were characterized using a combination of brightfield timelapse microscopy, timed brightfield micrographs, confocal microscopy, and measurements of egg dimensions. These egg stages are particularly useful in experiments that involve egg injection (including RNA interference, targeted genome modification, and transgenesis), as injection can alter the speed of development, even in control treatments. We also use 3D reconstructions of fixed embryo preparations to provide a comprehensive description of the morphogenesis and anatomy of the cricket embryo during embryonic rudiment assembly, germ band formation, elongation, segmentation, and appendage formation. Finally, we aggregate and schematize a variety of published developmental gene expression patterns." Embryonic development of the insect central complex: insights from lineages in the grasshopper and Drosophila "The neurons of the insect brain derive from neuroblasts which delaminate from the neuroectoderm at stereotypic locations during early embryogenesis. In both grasshopper and Drosophila, each developing neuroblast acquires an intrinsic capacity for neuronal proliferation in a cell autonomous manner and generates a specific lineage of neural progeny which is nearly invariant and unique. Maps revealing numbers and distributions of brain neuroblasts now exist for various species, and in both grasshopper and Drosophila four putatively homologous neuroblasts have been identified whose progeny direct axons to the protocerebral bridge and then to the central body via an equivalent set of tracts. Lineage analysis in the grasshopper nervous system reveals that the progeny of a neuroblast maintain their topological position within the lineage throughout embryogenesis. We have taken advantage of this to study the pioneering of the so-called w, x, y, z tracts, to show how fascicle switching generates central body neuroarchitecture, and to evaluate the roles of so-called intermediate progenitors as well as programmed cell death in shaping lineage structure."

More recent papers

This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link. This search now requires a manual link as the original PubMed extension has been disabled. The displayed list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. References also appear on this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. References listed on the rest of the content page and the associated discussion page (listed under the publication year sub-headings) do include some editorial selection based upon both relevance and availability. More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Grasshopper Development <pubmed limit=5>Grasshopper Development</pubmed>

Spermatogenesis

Historic drawing of stages in the spermatogenesis of a grasshopper (Stenobothrus viridulus)

Grasshopper Lifecycle

Grasshopper Development

Grasshopper Heart

Flow visualization in the heart of a grasshopper (Schistocerca americana) using synchrotron x-ray phase-contrast imaging.

References

Reviews

<pubmed>12642623</pubmed> <pubmed>11112183</pubmed>

Articles

<pubmed>18590599</pubmed> <pubmed>18089112</pubmed> <pubmed>17311046</pubmed>

Search Pubmed

Search Pubmed: Grasshopper Development

Terms

• acrididae - a family of insects that comprise the grasshoppers with short antennae, short ovipositor, and tarsi of legs three-segmented.
• blastokinesis - active movement of the grasshopper embryo by which it passes from the ventral to the dorsal side of the egg and at the same time revolves 180 degrees on its long axis.
• brood - all the individuals that hatch at about one time from eggs laid by one series of parents and that normally mature at about the same time; a group of individuals of a species that have hatched into young or have become adult at approximately the same time, and live together in a defined and limited area, and they may be of different generations.
• chorionic sculpturing - a network pattern on the chorion (shell) of the insect egg.
• complete metamorphosis - metamorphosis through which the insect develops by four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult.
• diapause - a state of low metabolic activity mediated hormonally and associated with ceased growth, reduced activity, and increased resistance to environmental extremes.
• eclosion - the hatching of the larva or nymph from its egg.
• egg pod - a case made of grasshopper gluelike secretions and soil particles enclosing a clutch of grasshopper eggs.
• fledge - acquisition of the adult wings.
• gradual metamorphosis - metamorphosis through which the insect develops by three distinct stages, namely egg, nymph, adult.
• instar - the immature insect between two successive molts.
• larva - (pl., larvae) the immature insect hatched from the egg and up to the pupal stage in orders with complete metamorphosis, e.g., a caterpillar.
• metamorphosis - the change of body form through which insects pass in developing to the adult.
• nymph - an immature insect of species with gradual metamorphosis.
• ovipositor - in grasshoppers the paired digging and egg laying structures at the end of the female abdomen
• ovipositor valves - three pair of digging and egg laying structures at the end of the abdomen in female grasshoppers.
• preoviposition period - the period between molting to the adult and the laying of the first group of eggs; in grasshoppers the period normally lasts one to two weeks.
• pupa - (pl., pupae) the stage between the larva and the adult in insects with complete metamorphosis; a nonfeeding stage in which adult structures develop and grow.
• seasonal cycle - the timing of the periods of egg hatch, nymphal development, adulthood, and reproduction.
• stadium (pl., stadia) - the time period between two successive molts of larvae or nymphs.
• subgenital plate - in the male grasshopper the terminal ventral plate underlying the genitalia.
• threshold - the temperature or level of hormone concentration that must be reached before development or growth can begin.

Based on: RE. Pfadt, Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers 3rd edn Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 912 February 2002 University of Wyoming USDA and the Agricultural Research Service - PDF

External Links

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• Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Lifecycle of a Locust

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2023, December 1) Embryology Grasshopper Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Grasshopper_Development

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© Dr Mark Hill 2023, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G