Mouse Development: Difference between revisions
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Introduction
The mouse (taxon-mus) has always been a good embryological model, easy to generate (litters 8-20) and quick (21d). Mouse embryology really expanded when molecular biologists used mice for gene knockouts, suddenly you had to understand about development in order to understand the effect of knocking out the gene. There are over 450 different strains of inbred research mice, and this has recently been organized into a chart. While being an ideal model organism, only a relatively small amount (1.5%) of the total mouse genome sequenced. Those interested in the mouse reproductive cycle, should also look at the mouse estrous cycle.
Early Mouse Development
Carnegie Stages Comparison
Data For Carnegie Stages Comparison Graph (Species/Days) | (All Species Data) | |||||||||||||||
Species | Stage | |||||||||||||||
Human | Days | 20 | 22 | 24 | 28 | 30 | 33 | 36 | 40 | 42 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 55 | 58 |
Mouse | Days | 9 | 9.5 | 10 | 10.5 | 11 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16 |
Rat | Days | 10.5 | 11 | 11.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 13 | 13.5 | 14 | 14.5 | 15 | 15.5 | 16 | 16.5 | 17 | 17.5 |
References
Human - O'Rahilly, Early human development and the chief source of information on staged human embryos. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynec. Reprod. Biol. 9 p273 (1979)
Mouse - Theiler, The house mouse. Springer-Verlag, NY (1972)
Rat - Witschi, Growth. Altman and Dittmer (ed), Fed. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington (1962)
Reference for Staging the Mouse Embryo
Staging of gastrulating mouse embryos by morphological landmarks in the dissecting microscope. Downs KM, Davies T Development 1993 Aug;118(4):1255-66 PubMed Entry | Development Article
"We describe and illustrate a set of morphological landmarks for classifying mouse embryos by gross morphology from before gastrulation to the beginning of organogenesis. These landmarks are visible at the resolution of the dissecting microscope in embryos that are intact except for reflexion of Reichert's membrane. Adoption of these criteria should facilitate interpretation of both the expression patterns of genes and the consequences of experimental manipulation of embryos during early postimplantation development."
The Mouse its Reproduction and Development Rugh, R. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1990)
Demonstration of the E12.5 mouse embryo cardiovascular system. (lateral and dorsal views) placental vessels in the first image (on right of embryo).
Mouse Knockouts
Knowledge about mouse development has rapidly expanded as it has become the model animal system for genetic "knock out " studies. This technology actually requires development of defined breeding programs, pseudo-pregnancy, in vitro fertilization, molecular biology, and good old fashioned histology. Without understanding normal development the molecular biologists don't stand a hope of understanding what their gene knock out has done. There is a database of all existing mouse knockouts and their consequences.
Murine Development Control Genes
Kessel, M. and Gruss, P. Science 249 374-379 (1990)
An early review of the genes, and method of identifying them, involved in early mouse development. In particular discusses Homeobox genes. (homeobox is 183bp encoding a 61 amino acid DNA-binding domain)
- Gene families
- Hox
- Pax
- POU
The Genealogy Chart of Inbred Strains
This chart shows the origins and relationships of inbred mouse strains. The chart is available as a PDF document [../pdf/mouse_genealogy.pdf Locally] or from JAX Labs and was originally published by Beck etal., 2000.
- Beck JA, Lloyd S, Hafezparast M, Lennon-Pierce M, Eppig JT, Festing MF, Fisher EM. Genealogies of mouse inbred strains. Nat Genet. 2000 Jan;24(1):23-5.
Mouse Genome Sequencing
Mouse Genome (17 August 2001)
- Finished Sequence- 47.6 Mb,1.5 % of genome
- Draft Sequence- 375 Mb, 11.7 % of genome
- See also Breakdown by chromosome
C57BL/6J strain of Mus musculus
More? see external Link- Mouse Genome Sequencing: Mus musculus | Mouse Genome Informatics | Mouse Genome Project | Nature - Mouse Genome
Mouse Internet Links
- NCBI- Mouse Genome Sequencing
- Mouse Genome Informatics
- EBI- Mouse Genome Sequencing
- ANEX Rat and Mouse Database - (University of Tokushima)
- Archives of Transgenic-List
- B Universal Ltd.
- BIG BLUE (Big Blue Transgenic Mouse Mailing List Archives)
- Big Blue lacI Transgenic Mouse Page
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc.
- Chrysalis DNX Transgenic Services
- Covance Research Products
- Digital Atlas of Mouse Embryology
- Edison Biotechnology Institute (Ohio University)
- Encyclopedia of the Mouse Genome (Jackson Laboratory)
- EUCIB Mouse Backcross Database (MBx)
- Genetic and Physical Maps of the Mouse Genome (Whitehead Institute/MIT)
- Genetic Location Database (University of Southampton)
- Genome Systems, Inc.
- Harlan Sprague Dawley, Inc.
- Helicobacter hepaticus, a Recently Recognized Bacterial Pathogen, Associated with Chronic Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Neoplasia in Laboratory Mice (CDC)
- Helicobacter Infection in Laboratory Mice: History, Significance, Detection and Management (Charles River)
- Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats (NAS-ILAR)
- Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats Companion Guide (NAS-ILAR)
- Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats (AFIP-POLA)
- It's a Knockout
- Jackson Laboratory
- Jackson Laboratory BioInformatics Electronic Bulletin Board System
- Jackson Laboratory Gopher Server
- Jackson Laboratory Induced Mutant Resouce
- Koop Human and Mouse Genome Project Research (University of Victoria)
- Lane List of Named Mutations and Polymorphic Loci
- Lexicon Genetics, Inc.
- Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus: An Unrecognized Teratogenic Pathogen (CDC)
- M & B Breeding and Research Centre Ltd.
- Mammary Transgene Database (Baylor College of Medicine)
- Manipulating the Mouse Embryo (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
- Map Manager Software
- Mice and Men: Making the Most of Our Similarities (ORNL)
- Microinjection Workshop
- Mouse Atlas and Gene Expression Database Project
- Mouse Cytogenetic Map Image
- Mouse Genome Informatics (Jackson Laboratory)
- Mouse Idiograms
- Mouse Inbred Strains (Jackson Labs)
- Mouse Linkage Map
- Mouse Nomenclature Rules and Guidelines (Jackson Labs)
- Mouse and Rat Research Home Page
- MouseUp HyperCard Transgenic Mouse Database (Macintosh)
- MRC Mouse Genome Centre
- Murine Helicobacters (NCI)
- National Institute of Genetics Mouse Genetic Resources (Japan)
- NIH Animal Genetic Resource
- NIH Directory of Transgenic Mice
- NIH Mouse Club
- Of Mice and Men (HHMI's Blazing a Genetic Trail)
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)
- Pathology of Genetically-altered Mice
- Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome
- Review of Pasteurella pneumotropica (Charles River)
- Taconic
- Targeted Mutagenesis in Mice: A Video Guide
- TBASE - Transgenic/Targeted Mutation Database
- The Mouse in Science: Cancer Research
- The Mouse in Science: Monoclonal Antibodies
- The Mouse in Science: Vaccines
- The Mouse in Science: Why Mice?
- Transgenic Animal Facility (University of Connecticut Biotechnology Center)
- Transgenic Animal Facility (University of Illinois Biotechnology Center)
- Transgenic Animal Facility (University of Iowa)
- Transgenic Animal Facility (Karolinska Institute)
- Transgenic Animal Facility (University of Western Australia)
- Transgenic Animal Facility (University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center)
- Transgenic Animal Model Core (University of Michigan)
- Transgenic Core (Baylor College of Medicine SPORE)
- Transgenic Facility (University of Colorado Health Science Center)
- Transgenic Facility (University of Kentucky)
- Transgenic & Knockout Mouse Facility (University of Maryland at Baltimore)
- Transgenic-List Archives
- Transgenic Models of Skin Disease Core (Harvard Skin Disease Research Center)
- Transgenic Mouse Core Facilities (Mount Sinai School of Medicine)
- Transgenic Mouse Core Facility (University of Virginia)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (Columbia-Presbyterian Cancer Center)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (SUNY-Stony Brook)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (University of California-Irvine)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (University of South Carolina)
- Transgenic Mouse Facility (Yale University Cancer Center)
- Transgenic Mouse Program (University of California-Davis)
- Transgenic Mouse Research Facility (New York University Kaplan Comprehensive Cancer Center)
- Transgenic Techniques in Mice: A Video Guide (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
- Transgenics (Berlin-Buch GmbH)
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 18) Embryology Mouse Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Mouse_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G