Neural - Pons Development: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
[[File:Fetal head section 01.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=Fetal brain showing developing pons|Fetal Head showing developing Pons.]] | |||
[[File:Gray0677.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=Right lateral view of adult brain showing Pons|Adult brain showing Pons.]] | |||
(Latin, ''pons'' = "bridge") A brain stem region within the central nervous system, anatomically lying above the medulla before the nervous system becomes the spinal cord. | (Latin, ''pons'' = "bridge") A brain stem region within the central nervous system, anatomically lying above the medulla before the nervous system becomes the spinal cord. | ||
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==Some Recent Findings== | ==Some Recent Findings== | ||
[[File:Stage10_sem6.jpg|right|150px]] | |||
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{{ | {{Neural Table}} | ||
==Early Brain Vesicles== | ==Early Brain Vesicles== | ||
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===Secondary Vesicles=== | ===Secondary Vesicles=== | ||
[[Image:CNS secondary vesicles.jpg|600px]] | [[Image:CNS secondary vesicles.jpg|600px]] | ||
==Adult Pons MRI== | |||
[[File:Human-_adult_brain_MRI.jpg|600px]] | |||
==Images== | |||
===Historic Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Gray0677.jpg|Fig. 677. Brain (lateral view) | |||
File:Gray0678.jpg|Fig. 678. Brain - Schematic representation of the chief ganglionic categories (I to V). | |||
File:Gray0704.jpg|Cerebellum | |||
File:Gray0708.jpg|Cerebellum, Pons and Fourth Ventricle | |||
File:Foster120.jpg| | |||
File:Foster122.jpg| | |||
File:Foster126.jpg| | |||
File:Bailey378.jpg| | |||
</gallery> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
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==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
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Revision as of 12:21, 16 August 2014
Embryology - 20 May 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
(Latin, pons = "bridge") A brain stem region within the central nervous system, anatomically lying above the medulla before the nervous system becomes the spinal cord.
Neural development is one of the earliest systems to begin and the last to be completed after birth. This development generates the most complex structure within the embryo and the long time period of development means in utero insult during pregnancy may have consequences to development of the nervous system.
The early central nervous system begins as a simple neural plate that folds to form a groove then tube, open initially at each end. Failure of these opening to close contributes a major class of neural abnormalities (neural tube defects).
Within the neural tube stem cells generate the 2 major classes of cells that make the majority of the nervous system : neurons and glia. Both these classes of cells differentiate into many different types generated with highly specialized functions and shapes. This section covers the establishment of neural populations, the inductive influences of surrounding tissues and the sequential generation of neurons establishing the layered structure seen in the brain and spinal cord.
- Neural development beginnings quite early, therefore also look at notes covering Week 3 neural tube and Week 4 early nervous system.
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Pons Embryology <pubmed limit=5>Pons Embryology</pubmed> |
Development Overview
Neuralation begins at the trilaminar embryo with formation of the notochord and somites, both of which underly the ectoderm and do not contribute to the nervous system, but are involved with patterning its initial formation. The central portion of the ectoderm then forms the neural plate that folds to form the neural tube, that will eventually form the entire central nervous system.
- Early developmental sequence: Epiblast - Ectoderm - Neural Plate - Neural groove and Neural Crest - Neural Tube and Neural Crest
Neural Tube | Primary Vesicles | Secondary Vesicles | Adult Structures |
---|---|---|---|
week 3 | week 4 | week 5 | adult |
prosencephalon (forebrain) | telencephalon | Rhinencephalon, Amygdala, hippocampus, cerebrum (cortex), hypothalamus, pituitary | Basal Ganglia, lateral ventricles | |
diencephalon | epithalamus, thalamus, Subthalamus, pineal, posterior commissure, pretectum, third ventricle | ||
mesencephalon (midbrain) | mesencephalon | tectum, Cerebral peduncle, cerebral aqueduct, pons | |
rhombencephalon (hindbrain) | metencephalon | cerebellum | |
myelencephalon | medulla oblongata, isthmus | ||
spinal cord, pyramidal decussation, central canal |
Early Brain Vesicles
Primary Vesicles
Secondary Vesicles
Adult Pons MRI
Images
Historic Images
References
Reviews
<pubmed>20483389</pubmed>
Articles
<pubmed>11461149</pubmed> <pubmed>9512304</pubmed>
Search PubMed
Search Pubmed: Pons Embryology | Pons Development
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 20) Embryology Neural - Pons Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Neural_-_Pons_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G