Introduction
The ferret (Mustela putorius furo) has historically been used as a mammalian model of development with a gestation period of 42 days.
Category:Ferret
Historic Embryology: 1904 Placenta | 1911 Ferret Embryology | 1917 Blood Vessel Development 1 | 1918 Blood Vessel Development 2 | 1932 zona granulosa, zona pellucida | 1936 Abnormal Pronuclei
Animal Development Time
|
Animal
|
Average Days
|
Bear (Black)
|
210
|
Bison
|
270
|
Budgerigar
|
18
|
Camel
|
410
|
cat
|
65
|
cow
|
281
|
chicken
|
21
|
Chimpanzee
|
236
|
Chinchilla
|
111
|
Coyote
|
63
|
deer (Mule)
|
200
|
dog
|
63
|
Donkey
|
365
|
Duck
|
28
|
Duck (Muscovy)
|
35
|
elephant
|
660
|
Elk, Wapiti
|
255
|
Ferret
|
42
|
Finch
|
14
|
Fox
|
52
|
Giraffe
|
425
|
goat
|
150
|
Goose
|
28
|
Gorilla
|
270
|
Guinea fowl
|
28
|
guinea pig
|
68
|
Hare
|
36
|
Hippopotamus
|
240
|
horse
|
338
|
Human
|
274
|
Leopard
|
95
|
Lion
|
108
|
Llama
|
350
|
Marmoset
|
150
|
Mink (European)
|
41
|
monkey (Macaque)
|
180
|
Moose
|
240
|
mouse
|
20
|
Muskox
|
255
|
Muskrat
|
29
|
Nutria, Coypu
|
130
|
opossum
|
12
|
Otter
|
285
|
Panther
|
90
|
Parrot
|
26
|
Pheasant
|
24
|
Pig
|
114
|
Pigeon
|
18
|
Porcupine
|
210
|
Pronghorn
|
230
|
Quail
|
16
|
rabbit
|
31
|
Raccoon
|
63
|
rat
|
21
|
Reindeer
|
225
|
Rhinoceros (African)
|
480
|
Seal
|
330
|
sheep
|
150
|
Shrew
|
20
|
Skunk
|
63
|
Squirrel (Gray)
|
40
|
Swan
|
35
|
Tapir
|
390
|
Tarsier
|
182
|
Tiger
|
103
|
Turkey
|
28
|
Walrus
|
450
|
whale (Sperm)
|
450
|
Wolf
|
63
|
Woodchuck
|
31
|
|
Animal Notes and Table Data Sources
- Each animal species has different variations +/- the average values shown in the table.
- Gestation is the carrying of an animal embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. Except in the case of human gestational age GA.
- Incubation is the laying of an egg (birds, reptiles, monotremes) with development occurring outside the female animal.
See also - Timeline Comparisons
Additional Data Sources
- Theiler K. The House Mouse: Atlas of Mouse Development (1972, 1989) Springer-Verlag, NY. Online
- Witschi E. Rat Development. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. (1962) Altman PL. and Dittmer DS. ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314.
- The Genetics of the Dog. E Ostrander, E. and Ruvinsky, A. ISBN: 9781845939403 (2012)
- Merck Veterinary Manual. Aiello, S.E. and Moses, M.A. (ed) ISBN: 0911910506 (2013) Online
- Witschi, E. (1962) Development: Rat. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. Altman, P. L. , and D. S. Dittmer, ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314.
|
Some Recent Findings
- Gyrification of the cerebral cortex requires FGF signaling in the mammalian brain[1] "Although it has been believed that the evolution of cortical folds was a milestone, allowing for an increase in the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the mechanisms underlying the formation of cortical folds are largely unknown. Here we show regional differences in the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) in the developing cerebral cortex of ferrets even before cortical folds are formed. By taking the advantage of our in utero electroporation technique for ferrets, we found that cortical folding was impaired in the ferret cerebral cortex when FGF signaling was inhibited. We also found that FGF signaling was crucial for producing Pax6-positive neural progenitors in the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ) of the developing cerebral cortex. Furthermore, we found that upper layers of the cerebral cortex were preferentially reduced by inhibiting FGF signaling. Our results shed light on the mechanisms of cortical folding in gyrencephalic mammalian brains."
- Congenital abnormalities of the vertebral column in ferrets[2] "Vertebral column pathologies requiring surgical intervention have been described in pet ferrets, however little information is available on the normal vertebral formula and congenital variants in this species. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe vertebral formulas and prevalence of congenital vertebral anomalies in a sample of pet ferrets. Radiographs of 172 pet ferrets (96 males and 76 females) were included in this retrospective study. In 143 ferrets (83.14%), five different formulas of the vertebral column were recorded with normal morphology of vertebrae (rib attachment included) but with a variable number of thoracic (Th), lumbar (L), and sacral (S) vertebrae. The number of cervical (C) vertebrae was constant in all examined animals. Observed vertebral formulas were C7/Th14/L6/S3 (51.74%), C7/Th14/L6/S4 (22.10%), C7/Th14/L7/S3 (6.98%), C7/Th15/L6/S3 (1.74%), and C7/Th15/L6/S4 (0.58%). Formula C7/Th14/L6/S4 was significantly more common in males than in females (P < 0.05). Congenital spinal abnormalities were found in 29 ferrets (16.86%), mostly localized in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral regions. The cervical region was affected in only one case. Transitional vertebrae represented the most common congenital abnormalities (26 ferrets) in the thoracolumbar (13 ferrets) and lumbosacral regions (10 ferrets) or simultaneously in both regions (three ferrets). Other vertebral anomalies included block (two ferrets) and wedge vertebra (one ferret). Spina bifida was not detected. Findings from the current study indicated that vertebral formulas may vary in ferrets and congenital abnormalities are common." axial skeleton
|
More recent papers
|
This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
- This search now requires a manual link as the original PubMed extension has been disabled.
- The displayed list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance.
- References also appear on this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing.
References listed on the rest of the content page and the associated discussion page (listed under the publication year sub-headings) do include some editorial selection based upon both relevance and availability.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References
Search term: Ferret Development | Ferret Embryology | Mustela putorius furo Development
|
Older papers
|
These papers originally appeared in the Some Recent Findings table, but as that list grew in length have now been shuffled down to this collapsible table.
See also the Discussion Page for other references listed by year and References on this current page.
- Viral particles of endogenous betaretroviruses are released in the sheep uterus and infect the conceptus trophectoderm in a transspecies embryo transfer model[3]
|
References
- ↑ Matsumoto N, Shinmyo Y, Ichikawa Y & Kawasaki H. (2017). Gyrification of the cerebral cortex requires FGF signaling in the mammalian brain. Elife , 6, . PMID: 29132503 DOI.
- ↑ Proks P, Stehlik L, Paninarova M, Irova K, Hauptman K & Jekl V. (2015). Congenital abnormalities of the vertebral column in ferrets. Vet Radiol Ultrasound , 56, 117-23. PMID: 25124147 DOI.
- ↑ Black SG, Arnaud F, Burghardt RC, Satterfield MC, Fleming JA, Long CR, Hanna C, Murphy L, Biek R, Palmarini M & Spencer TE. (2010). Viral particles of endogenous betaretroviruses are released in the sheep uterus and infect the conceptus trophectoderm in a transspecies embryo transfer model. J. Virol. , 84, 9078-85. PMID: 20610723 DOI.
Reviews
Kawasaki H. (2018). Molecular Investigations of the Development and Diseases of Cerebral Cortex Folding using Gyrencephalic Mammal Ferrets. Biol. Pharm. Bull. , 41, 1324-1329. PMID: 30175769 DOI.
Kawasaki H. (2017). Molecular investigations of development and diseases of the brain of higher mammals using the ferret. Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Phys. Biol. Sci. , 93, 259-269. PMID: 28496051 DOI.
Brunso-Bechtold JK & Henkel CK. (1996). Axon decussation and midline glia in the developing ferret auditory hindbrain. Prog. Brain Res. , 108, 165-81. PMID: 8979801 DOI.
Rabe A, Haddad R & Dumas R. (1985). Behavior and neurobehavioral teratology using the ferret. Lab. Anim. Sci. , 35, 256-67. PMID: 3894789
Articles
Kou Z, Wu Q, Kou X, Yin C, Wang H, Zuo Z, Zhuo Y, Chen A, Gao S & Wang X. (2015). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering of the ferret. Cell Res. , 25, 1372-5. PMID: 26565559 DOI.
Proks P, Stehlik L, Paninarova M, Irova K, Hauptman K & Jekl V. (2015). Congenital abnormalities of the vertebral column in ferrets. Vet Radiol Ultrasound , 56, 117-23. PMID: 25124147 DOI.
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Search Pubmed: Ferret development
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Ferret Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Ferret_Development
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