BGDA Practical - Placenta and Fetal Membranes Interactive

From Embryology
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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities


Introduction

These are the interactive quizzes added to pages within the 2019 practical class. Please note only one quiz can be active on this current page at any time.

Implantation and Early Placentation Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Implantation and Early Placentation  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Implantation and Early Placentation from the practical.

1 During implantation the blastocyst:

  usually implants in the posterior wall of the body of the uterus
  releases substances that cause local changes in the endometrial tissue
  attaches itself to endometrium at its embryonic pole
  all of the above are correct

2 During week 2 (GA week 4) the blastocyst trophectoderm (trophoblast) layer initially differentiates into two layers the:

  hypoblast and trophoblast
  epiblast and primitive yolk sac
  syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
  hypoblast and epiblast

3 The intra-embryonic coelom transiently connects to the extra-embryonic coelom.

  false
  true

4 In humans the most common site of implantation is:

  uterine tube
  cervix
  lateral wall of uterus
  posterior wall of uterus
  anterior wall of uterus

5 Which of the following structures are considered extra-embryonic coeloms?

  peritoneal sac
  yolk sac
  allantois
  chorionic sac
  amniotic sac
  pericardial sac


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Placental Villi Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Placental Villi  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Placental Villi from the practical.

1 The stage of placental villi development where the core is initially solid mesoderm is:

  primary villi
  secondary villi
  tertiary villi
  quaternary villi

2 The developing placenta arises from the:

  decidua frondosum
  decidua capsularis

3 The developing amniotic membrane later fuses with the:

  chorionic membrane
  yolk sac
  maternal blood vessels
  maternal uterine glands
  none of the above


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Additional Information: placental villi

Maternal Decidua Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Maternal Decidua  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Maternal Decidua from the practical.


1 During late pregnancy, which of the following layers of placental membrane is in direct contact with maternal blood?

  the cytotrophoblastic shell
  the syncytiotrophoblast
  the extraembryonic mesoderm
  the intraembryonic mesoderm
  the endothelium of placental blood vessels

2 Which one of the following statements about the maternal decidual reaction is most correct.

  the maternal decidual reaction commences at the site of implantation
  the maternal decidual reaction protects the uterine wall from over implantation
  the maternal decidual reaction spreads through the entire uterus
  the maternal decidual reaction involves the uterine stromal cells
  all of the above refer to the maternal decidual reaction

3 How is the uterine cavity lost?

  decidua basalis and decidua capsularis fuse
  decidua basalis and decidua parietalis fuse
  decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis fuse
  all decidual layers fuse
  none of the above

4 Which maternal arteries are remodelled by trophoblast cells?

 internal iliac artery
  uterine artery
  arcuate arteries
  helicine arterioles
  radial arteries
  spiral arteries

5 Which of the following terms best describes the form of human placental organisation/classification?

  Haemochorial
  Endotheliochorial
  Epitheliochorial


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Additional Information: maternal decidua

Placental Cord Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Placental Cord  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Placental Cord from the practical.

1 The placental cord developmentally originates from the:

  yolk sac
  yolk stalk
  connecting stalk
  chorionic plate
  all of the above are correct

2 At birth, the placental cord blood vessel circulation is decreased by:

  Wharton jelly expansion
  vessel smooth muscle contraction
  placental artery spiral contraction
  all of the above

3 In the human placental cord development which blood vessel is typically lost?

  right umbilical artery
  left umbilical artery
  right umbilical vein
  left umbilical vein
  none of the vessels are lost

4 The human placental artery carries oxygenated blood to the fetus.

  true
  false


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Additional Information: placental cord

Placental Functions Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Placental Functions  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Placental Functions from the practical.

1 The difference in oxygen tension between the umbilical artery and umbilical vein is about:

  100 pO2 (torr)
  55 pO2 (torr)
  45 pO2 (torr)
  10 pO2 (torr)
  none of the above are correct

2 Which of the following hormones produced by the placenta is important for initially preserving the pregnancy?

  Human chorionic gonadotrophin
  Human chorionic somatommotropin
  Human chorionic thyrotropin
  Human chorionic corticotropin

3 Which of the following hormones produced by the placenta is important for later preserving the pregnancy?

  progesterone
  Human chorionic somatommotropin
  Human chorionic gonadotrophin
  Human chorionic thyrotropin
  Follicle Stimulating Hormone
  Relaxin

4 Which of the following options are the roles of placental estrogens.

  stimulates growth of the maternal uterus myometrium
  antagonizes the maternal uterus myometrial-suppressing activity of other hormones
  stimulates maternal mammary gland ductal growth
  stimulates maternal mammary gland alveolar growth
  stimulates development of female fetal ovary

5 The placenta is said to have a "metabolic" role in the synthesis compounds except for:

  glycogen
  dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate
  cholesterol
  fatty acids


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Additional Information: endocrine placenta

Diagnostic Techniques Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Diagnostic Techniques  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Diagnostic Techniques from the practical.

1 Which of the following options would be the earliest invasive diagnostic technique carried out clinically:

  ultrasound
  amniocentesis
  chorionic villus sampling
  none of the above

2 Which placental parameter is measured by ultrasound at the mid-portion from the chorionic plate to the basilar plate.

  placental diameter
  placental thickness
  placental volume
  placenta position

3 Doppler ultrasound of the placental cord can be used to mainly measure:

  placental cord diameter
  placental artery diameter
  placental vein diameter
  placenta position
  placental blood flow

4 The amniotic fluid volume increases as the embryo and fetus grows, with the rate of change varying during the pregnancy. When typically is the period of maximum weekly volume increase?

  up to 8 weeks
  8 to 13 weeks
  13 to 21 weeks
  21 to 33 weeks
  34 weeks
  40 weeks

5 Cord stem cells can be derived from which of the following tissues:

  placental cord blood
  placental cord connective tissue
  maternal placental tissue
  all of the above
  none of the above

6 Which of the following diagnostic techniques has in the past identified as having the higher risk for miscarriage?

  ultrasound
  amniocentesis
  chorionic villus sampling
  fetal cells from maternal blood


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities


Additional Information: pregnancy test | amniocentesis | chorionic villus sampling | ultrasound | hCG

Placentation Abnormalities Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Placentation Abnormalities  
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Placentation Abnormalities from the practical.

1 Which of the following is the most common form of placental abnormality:

  placenta accreta
  placenta increta
  placenta percreta
  vasa previa

2 Which of the following is the best description of a complete mole:

  three sets of chromosomes instead of the usual two
  chromosomal genetic material from the oocyte is lost, by an unknown process
  triploidy of the genetic material
  excess proliferation of the maternal decidua

3 The condition "twin–twin transfusion syndrome" results from:

  an unbalanced blood flow from one twin to the other in utero
  a balanced blood flow from one twin to the other in utero
  direct connection of placental vein with placental artery
  direct connection of placental arteries with placental vein
  none of the above

4 Which of the following organisms can cross the "placental barrier"?

  cytomegalovirus
  rubella
  measles
  malaria
  listeria


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Practical 14: Implantation and Early Placentation | Villi Development | Maternal Decidua | Cord Development | Placental Functions | Diagnostic Techniques | Abnormalities

Additional Information: placenta abnormalities | ectopic pregnancy | hydatidiform mole
Medicine Practicals 2019 Interactive: BGDA Fertilization to Implantation | BGDA Implantation to 8 Weeks | BGDA Neural | BGDA Fetal | BGDA Placenta | BGDB Gastrointestinal | BGDB Face Ear | BGDB Endocrine | BGDB Sexual Differentiation


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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology BGDA Practical - Placenta and Fetal Membranes Interactive. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/BGDA_Practical_-_Placenta_and_Fetal_Membranes_Interactive

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G