Template:Neural terms: Difference between revisions
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* '''cloacal membrane''' - at caudal (anal) end of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) where surface ectoderm and GIT endoderm meet forms the openings for GIT, urinary, reproductive tracts. (see also buccopharyngeal membrane). | * '''cloacal membrane''' - at caudal (anal) end of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) where surface ectoderm and GIT endoderm meet forms the openings for GIT, urinary, reproductive tracts. (see also buccopharyngeal membrane). | ||
* '''connectome''' - term describing the detailed map of neural connections in the central nervous system. | |||
* '''cortex''' - - CNS structure derived from the secondary vesicle telencephalon (endbrain) from the earlier primary vesicle prosencephalon (forebrain). | * '''cortex''' - - CNS structure derived from the secondary vesicle telencephalon (endbrain) from the earlier primary vesicle prosencephalon (forebrain). | ||
* '''cortical plate''' - outer neural tube region which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate too along radial glia to form adult cortical layers. | * '''cortical plate''' - outer neural tube region which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate too along radial {{glia}} to form adult cortical layers. | ||
* '''cranial flexure''' - (=midbrain flexure) most cranial brain flexure (of 3) between mesencephalon and prosencephalon. | * '''cranial flexure''' - (=midbrain flexure) most cranial brain flexure (of 3) between mesencephalon and prosencephalon. | ||
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* '''efferent''' - refers to the direction of conduction from the central nervous system toward the periphery. Afferent is in the opposite direction. | * '''efferent''' - refers to the direction of conduction from the central nervous system toward the periphery. Afferent is in the opposite direction. | ||
* '''ependyma''' - epithelia of remnant cells after neurons and glia have been generated and left the ventricular zone. | * '''ependyma''' - epithelia of remnant cells after neurons and {{glia}} have been generated and left the ventricular zone. | ||
* '''floorplate''' - early forming thin region of neural tube closest to the notochord. | * '''floorplate''' - early forming thin region of neural tube closest to the notochord. | ||
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* '''ganglia''' - (pl. of ganglion) specialized neural cluster within either the CNS or PNS. | * '''ganglia''' - (pl. of ganglion) specialized neural cluster within either the CNS or PNS. | ||
* '''glia''' - supporting, non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. Generated from neuroepithelial stem cells in ventricular zone of neural tube. Form astrocytes, oligodendrocytes. | * '''{{glia}}''' - supporting, non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. Generated from the same neuroepithelial stem cells that form neurons in ventricular zone of neural tube. Form astrocytes, oligodendrocytes. | ||
* '''grey matter''' - neural regions containing cell bodies (somas) of neurons. In the brain it is the outer layer, in the spinal cord it is inner layer. (see white matter white matter). | * '''grey matter''' - neural regions containing cell bodies (somas) of neurons. In the brain it is the outer layer, in the spinal cord it is inner layer. (see white matter white matter). | ||
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* '''neurohypophysis''' - (posterior {{pituitary}}; pas nervosa) | * '''neurohypophysis''' - (posterior {{pituitary}}; pas nervosa) | ||
* '''neuromere''' - ( | * '''neuromere''' - ({{prosomere}}) the model units for segmental brain development regions based upon a series of {{neural tube}} transverse subunits. | ||
* '''neuron''' - The cellur "unit" of the nervous system, transmitting signals between neurons and other cells. The post-mitotic cells generated from neuroepithelial stem cells (neuroblasts) in ventricular zone of neural tube. | * '''neuron''' - The cellur "unit" of the nervous system, transmitting signals between neurons and other cells. The post-mitotic cells generated from neuroepithelial stem cells (neuroblasts) in ventricular zone of neural tube. | ||
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* '''prosencephalon''' - (forebrain), the most cranial portion of the 3 primary vesicle brain ([[week 4]]). (sc-R-M-'''P''') | * '''prosencephalon''' - (forebrain), the most cranial portion of the 3 primary vesicle brain ([[week 4]]). (sc-R-M-'''P''') | ||
* ''' | * '''{{prosomere}}''' - (neuromere) a model for segmental brain development based upon a series of neural tube transverse subunits. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12948657 PMID 12948657] | ||
* '''[[History_-_Embryologists#Martin_Heinrich_Rathke_.281793_-_1860.29|Rathke's]] pouch''' - a portion of the roof of the pharynx pushes upward towards the floor of the brain forming the anterior {{pituitary}} (adenohypophysis, pars distalis, pars tuberalis pars intermedia). Where it meets a portion of the brain pushing downward forming the posterior {{pituitary}} (neurohypophysis, pars nervosa). [[History_-_Embryologists#Martin_Heinrich_Rathke_.281793_-_1860.29|Rathke's]] pouch eventually looses its connection with the pharynx. | * '''[[History_-_Embryologists#Martin_Heinrich_Rathke_.281793_-_1860.29|Rathke's]] pouch''' - a portion of the roof of the pharynx pushes upward towards the floor of the brain forming the anterior {{pituitary}} (adenohypophysis, pars distalis, pars tuberalis pars intermedia). Where it meets a portion of the brain pushing downward forming the posterior {{pituitary}} (neurohypophysis, pars nervosa). [[History_-_Embryologists#Martin_Heinrich_Rathke_.281793_-_1860.29|Rathke's]] pouch eventually looses its connection with the pharynx. | ||
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* '''thalamus''' - (G. ''thalamos''= bedchamber) cns nucleus, lateral to 3rd ventricle, paired (pl thalami). | * '''thalamus''' - (G. ''thalamos''= bedchamber) cns nucleus, lateral to 3rd ventricle, paired (pl thalami). | ||
* '''{{thyroid}} hormone''' - hormone required for brain development. T3 (3,5,3′-triiodothyronine) binding to nuclear receptors then act as a transcription factor in both neurons and | * '''{{thyroid}} hormone''' - hormone required for brain development. T3 (3,5,3′-triiodothyronine) binding to nuclear receptors then act as a transcription factor in both neurons and {{glia}}l cells. {{iodine deficiency}} | ||
* '''transcription factor''' - a factor (protein or protein with steroid) that binds to DNA to alter gene expression, usually to activate. (eg steroid hormone+receptor, Retinoic acid+Receptor, Hox, Pax, Lim, Nkx-2.2) | * '''transcription factor''' - a factor (protein or protein with steroid) that binds to DNA to alter gene expression, usually to activate. (eg steroid hormone+receptor, Retinoic acid+Receptor, Hox, Pax, Lim, Nkx-2.2) |
Revision as of 14:13, 26 May 2018
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