Hamburger Hamilton Stages: Difference between revisions
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{{Header}} | {{Header}} | ||
The 1951 Hamburger Hamilton Stages<ref>{{Ref-HamburgerHamilton1951}}</ref> are most commonly used for chicken staging. | ==Introduction== | ||
[[File:Viktor Hamburger.jpg|thumb|alt=Viktor Hamburger|link=Embryology History - Viktor Hamburger|Viktor Hamburger (1900 – 2001)]] | |||
The 1951 Hamburger Hamilton Stages<ref name=HamburgerHamilton1951>{{Ref-HamburgerHamilton1951}}</ref> are most commonly used for chicken staging. The complete original paper<ref name=HamburgerHamilton1951>{{Ref-HamburgerHamilton1951}}</ref>(and all data) was republished in 1992.{{#pmid:1304821|PMID1304821}} | |||
{{Chicken}} | Note that for chicken development there was an alternative [[Chicken_Stages_-_Witschi|Witschi staging system]]<ref name=Witschi1956>{{Ref-Witschi1956}}</ref> and an even older 1900 ''Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere - Gallus domesticus''. <ref name=Keibel1900>{{Ref-Keibel1900}}</ref> | ||
{{Chicken links}} | |||
:[[Hamburger Hamilton Stages|'''HH Links''']]: [[:File:HHstage1-4.jpg|stage 1-4]] | [[:File:HHstage5-10.jpg|stages 5-10]] | [[:File:HHstage11-14.jpg|stages 11-14]] | [[:File:HHstage15-18.jpg|stages 15-18]] | [[:File:HHstage19-21.jpg|stages 19-21]] | [[:File:HHstage22-25.jpg|stages 22-25]] | [[:File:HHstage26-28.jpg|stages 26-28]] | [[:File:HHstage29-32.jpg|stages 29-32]] | [[:File:HHstage33-35.jpg|stages 33-35]] | [[:File:HHstage36-37.jpg|stages 36-37]] | [[:File:HHstage38-39.jpg|stages 38-39]] | [[:File:HHstage40-41.jpg|stages 40-41]] | [[:File:HHstage42-43.jpg|stages 42-43]] | [[:File:HHstage44-45.jpg|stages 44-45]] | [[Hamburger Hamilton Stages]] | :[[Hamburger Hamilton Stages|'''HH Links''']]: [[:File:HHstage1-4.jpg|stage 1-4]] | [[:File:HHstage5-10.jpg|stages 5-10]] | [[:File:HHstage11-14.jpg|stages 11-14]] | [[:File:HHstage15-18.jpg|stages 15-18]] | [[:File:HHstage19-21.jpg|stages 19-21]] | [[:File:HHstage22-25.jpg|stages 22-25]] | [[:File:HHstage26-28.jpg|stages 26-28]] | [[:File:HHstage29-32.jpg|stages 29-32]] | [[:File:HHstage33-35.jpg|stages 33-35]] | [[:File:HHstage36-37.jpg|stages 36-37]] | [[:File:HHstage38-39.jpg|stages 38-39]] | [[:File:HHstage40-41.jpg|stages 40-41]] | [[:File:HHstage42-43.jpg|stages 42-43]] | [[:File:HHstage44-45.jpg|stages 44-45]] | [[Hamburger Hamilton Stages]] | ||
{{Hamburger Hamilton stages table}} | |||
==Individual Stages== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:HHstage1.jpg|stage 1 | |||
File:HHstage2.jpg|stage 2 | |||
File:HHstage3.jpg|stage 3 | |||
File:HHstage4.jpg|stage 4 | |||
File:HHstage5.jpg|stage 5 | |||
File:HHstage6.jpg|stage 6 | |||
File:HHstage7.jpg|stage 7 | |||
File:HHstage8-.jpg|stage 8- | |||
File:HHstage8.jpg|stage 8 | |||
File:HHstage9.jpg|stage 9 | |||
File:HHstage10.jpg|stage 10 | |||
File:HHstage11.jpg|stage 11 | |||
File:HHstage12.jpg|stage 12 | |||
File:HHstage13.jpg|stage 13 | |||
File:HHstage14.jpg|stage 14 | |||
File:HHstage15.jpg|stage 15 | |||
File:HHstage16.jpg|stage 16 | |||
File:HHstage17.jpg|stage 17 | |||
File:HHstage18.jpg|stage 18 | |||
File:HHstage19.jpg|stage 19 | |||
File:HHstage20.jpg|stage 20 | |||
File:HHstage21.jpg|stage 21 | |||
File:HHstage21a.jpg|stage 21 | |||
File:HHstage22.jpg|stage 22 | |||
File:HHstage23.jpg|stage 23 | |||
File:HHstage24.jpg|stage 24 | |||
File:HHstage25.jpg|stage 25 | |||
File:HHstage26.jpg|stage 26 | |||
File:HHstage27.jpg|stage 27 | |||
File:HHstage28.jpg|stage 28 | |||
File:HHstage29.jpg|stage 29 | |||
File:HHstage30.jpg|stage 30 | |||
File:HHstage31.jpg|stage 31 | |||
File:HHstage32.jpg|stage 32 | |||
File:HHstage33.jpg|stage 33 | |||
File:HHstage34.jpg|stage 34 | |||
File:HHstage35.jpg|stage 35 | |||
File:HHstage36.jpg|stage 36 | |||
File:HHstage37.jpg|stage 37 | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Plates== | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:HHstage1-4.jpg|stage 1-4 | File:HHstage1-4.jpg|stage 1-4 | ||
Line 25: | Line 75: | ||
File:HHstage44-45.jpg|stages 44-45 | File:HHstage44-45.jpg|stages 44-45 | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Line 62: | Line 107: | ||
{{Footer}} | {{Footer}} | ||
[[Category:Animal Development]] [[Category:Chicken]] [[Category:Timeline]] | [[Category:Animal Development]] [[Category:Chicken]] [[Category:Timeline]][[Category:1950's]] |
Latest revision as of 11:19, 24 August 2018
Embryology - 21 May 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
The 1951 Hamburger Hamilton Stages[1] are most commonly used for chicken staging. The complete original paper[1](and all data) was republished in 1992.[2]
Note that for chicken development there was an alternative Witschi staging system[3] and an even older 1900 Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere - Gallus domesticus. [4]
- HH Links: stage 1-4 | stages 5-10 | stages 11-14 | stages 15-18 | stages 19-21 | stages 22-25 | stages 26-28 | stages 29-32 | stages 33-35 | stages 36-37 | stages 38-39 | stages 40-41 | stages 42-43 | stages 44-45 | Hamburger Hamilton Stages
3.5-4.5 hr | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | ||
Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | |||
4.5-24.0 hr | Shell of egg formed in uterus | ||
Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | |||
6-7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | ||
12-13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak | ||
18-19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | ||
19-22 hr | Head process (notochord) | ||
23-25 hr | Head fold | ||
23-26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds | ||
ca. 23-26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom | ||
26-29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands | ||
29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | ||
ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold | ||
33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | ||
40-45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | ||
45-49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon | ||
48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal | ||
ca. 50-52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud | ||
50-53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | ||
ca. 50-54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | ||
50-55 hr | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | ||
51-56 hr | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | ||
52-64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | ||
3 da | 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | ||
3.0-3.5 da | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | ||
3.0-3.5 da | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | ||
3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 | ||
3.5-4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail | ||
4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line | ||
4.5 da | Toe plate | ||
4.5-5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints | ||
5 da | 1st 3 toes | ||
5.0-5.5 da | Beak | ||
5.5-6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes | ||
6.0-6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe | ||
6.5-7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | ||
7.0-7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits | ||
7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | ||
7.5-8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | ||
8 da | Nictitating membrane | ||
8.5-9.0 da | Phalanges in toes | ||
10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4 ±0.3 mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | ||
11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4 ±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm | ||
12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4 ± 0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | ||
13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8 ± 0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm | ||
14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7 ± 0.5 mm | ||
15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9 ± 0.8 mm | ||
16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7 ± 0.8 mm | ||
17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6 ± 0.8 mm | ||
18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4 ± 0.8 mm | ||
19-20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | ||
20-21 da | Newly-hatched chick |
Individual Stages
Plates
Hamburger Hamilton Stages (1951) | ||
---|---|---|
3.5-4.5 hr | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | |
Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | ||
4.5-24.0 hr | Shell of egg formed in uterus | |
Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | ||
6-7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | |
12-13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak | |
18-19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | |
19-22 hr | Head process (notochord) | |
23-25 hr | Head fold | |
23-26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds | |
ca. 23-26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom | |
26-29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands | |
29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | |
ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold | |
33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | |
40-45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | |
45-49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon | |
48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal | |
ca. 50-52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud | |
50-53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | |
ca. 50-54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | |
50-55 hr | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | |
51-56 hr | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | |
52-64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | |
3 da | 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | |
3.0-3.5 da | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | |
3.0-3.5 da | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | |
3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 | |
3.5-4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail | |
4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line | |
4.5 da | Toe plate | |
4.5-5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints | |
5 da | 1st 3 toes | |
5.0-5.5 da | Beak | |
5.5-6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes | |
6.0-6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe | |
6.5-7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | |
7.0-7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits | |
7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | |
7.5-8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | |
8 da | Nictitating membrane | |
8.5-9.0 da | Phalanges in toes | |
10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4 ±0.3 mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | |
11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4 ±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm | |
12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4 ± 0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | |
13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8 ± 0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm | |
14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7 ± 0.5 mm | |
15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9 ± 0.8 mm | |
16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7 ± 0.8 mm | |
17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6 ± 0.8 mm | |
18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4 ± 0.8 mm | |
19-20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | |
20-21 da | Newly-hatched chick | |
Hamburger V. and Hamilton HL. A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. (1951) J Morphol. 88(1): 49-92. PMID 24539719 PDF Original 1951 paper (and all data) was republished in 1992. <pubmed>1304821</pubmed> PDF |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hamburger V. and Hamilton HL. A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. (1951) J Morphol. 88(1): 49-92. PMID 24539719 PDF
- ↑ Hamburger V & Hamilton HL. (1992). A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. 1951. Dev. Dyn. , 195, 231-72. PMID: 1304821 DOI.
- ↑ Witschi E. Development of Vertebrates. (1956) Saunders, Philadelphia.
- ↑ Keibel F. and Abraham K. Normal Plates of the Development of the Chicken Embryo (Gallus domesticus). (1900) Vol. 2 in series by Keibel F. Normal plates of the development of vertebrates (Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere) Fisher, Jena., Germany.
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 21) Embryology Hamburger Hamilton Stages. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Hamburger_Hamilton_Stages
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G