ANAT2241 Blood: Difference between revisions
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{{ANAT2241 header}} | {{ANAT2241 header}} | ||
== | ==General Objective== | ||
[https://www.best.edu.au/s/share?url=a7mt5s4t%2F7f38ey1p%2Fannotation%2Fnp9daz1l&data=1%40%5B%22paxzfmqq%22%5D!7%40%5B%5D!8%405!9%4013296!10%40-13900!11%400&version=1 cribriform] | |||
{| | |||
| [[File:Blood Smear Slide 02.jpg|alt=Blood Smear Slide|350px]] | |||
| [[File:Blood Smear Slide 01.jpg|alt=Blood Smear Slide|350px]] | |||
|- | |||
| Blood Smear Slide (unstained) | |||
| Blood Smear Slide (stained) | |||
|} | |||
To know the formed elements of human blood and to appreciate that blood could be regarded as a “tissue” in which plasma constitutes the intercelluar substance. | |||
===Specific Objectives=== | |||
# To differentiate blood cells on the basis of morphology and staining properties. | |||
# To understand the principles of blood formation and the tissues and cells involved. | |||
==Learning Activities== | |||
Virtual Slides: [https://moodle.telt.unsw.edu.au/mod/book/view.php?id=789982&chapterid=100764 Blood] | [[Media:Basic_Histo_diagrams_labelled_in_colour_-_2005.pdf|Histology Drawings]] | |||
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The circulating blood is a liquid connective tissue consisting of cells (red and white blood cells), fragments of cells (platelets) and liquid (plasma). The different cell types are all derived from haemopoietic stem cells located in the bone marrow. Red blood cells (RBCs) have a metabolic role, in carrying oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide to the lungs. White blood cells (WBCs or leukocytes) have a role in the body’s defence, and are an important clinical indicator of disease. | The circulating blood is a liquid connective tissue consisting of cells (red and white blood cells), fragments of cells (platelets) and liquid (plasma). The different cell types are all derived from haemopoietic stem cells located in the bone marrow. Red blood cells (RBCs) have a metabolic role, in carrying oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide to the lungs. White blood cells (WBCs or leukocytes) have a role in the body’s defence, and are an important clinical indicator of disease. | ||
'''Virtual Slide Box: 1. Human Blood Smear''' [ | |||
[[File:Erythrocyte and lymphocyte SEM02.jpg|600px]] | |||
Scanning EM (coloured) of adult erythrocyte, thrombocyte and lymphocyte. | |||
Showing relative sizes and morphologies. Remember a thrombocyte is not a cell, but circulating part or a fragment of a cell. | |||
[https://www.best.edu.au/s/share?url=683adit4%2Fzclivmqh&data=8%406!9%408964!10%40-8158&version=1 Virtual Slide - RBC] | |||
'''Virtual Slide Box: 1. Human Blood Smear''' [https://moodle.telt.unsw.edu.au/enrol/index.php?id=21070 Slide] | |||
Find an area in the smear where the red blood cells are spread out and individual cells can be identified. | Find an area in the smear where the red blood cells are spread out and individual cells can be identified. | ||
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Lymphocyte differentiation begins in the bone marrow and continues in central lymphoid organs (bone marrow - B cells and thymus - T cells), then in the peripheral lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen). | Lymphocyte differentiation begins in the bone marrow and continues in central lymphoid organs (bone marrow - B cells and thymus - T cells), then in the peripheral lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen). | ||
===Blood Smear=== | |||
{| | |||
| [[File:Blood Smear Slide 02.jpg|alt=Blood Smear Slide|350px]] | |||
| [[File:Blood Smear Slide 01.jpg|alt=Blood Smear Slide|350px]] | |||
|- | |||
| Blood Smear Slide (unstained) | |||
| Blood Smear Slide (stained) | |||
|} | |||
{| | |||
! How to make a Blood Smear | |||
! Wright and Giemsa Stain | |||
|- | |||
| <html5media width="450" height="360">https://www.youtube.com/embed/JMd2RScYu0M</html5media> | |||
| <html5media width="450" height="360">https://www.youtube.com/embed/9xBcm-1NMqk</html5media> | |||
|} | |||
===Histology Stains=== | |||
{{Common Stains collapsetable}} | |||
{{Leishman}} - Used to identify leucocytes and named after William Boog Leishman (1865 – 1926) was a Scottish pathologist. | |||
* Methanol mixture of "polychromed" methylene blue (demethylated into various azures) and eosin. | |||
* Methanol also acts as fixative. | |||
* variations include {{Wright stain}} (America) and Giemsa and May-Grünwald stains in Germany and Europe. | |||
==Blood Histology== | ==Blood Histology== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery caption="Circulating Blood"> | ||
File:Platelet 02.jpg|Red Blood Cells and Platelets | |||
File:Lymphocyte_01.jpg|Lymphocyte | File:Lymphocyte_01.jpg|Lymphocyte | ||
File:Lymphocyte_02.jpg|Lymphocyte | File:Lymphocyte_02.jpg|Lymphocyte | ||
File:Lymphocyte 04.jpg|Lymphocyte | |||
File:Monocyte 01.jpg|Monocyte | File:Monocyte 01.jpg|Monocyte | ||
File:Monocyte 02.jpg|Monocyte | |||
File:Monocyte 03.jpg|Monocyte | |||
File:Neutrophil and eosinophil.jpg|Neutrophil and Eosinophil | |||
File:Neutrophil 01.jpg|Neutrophil | File:Neutrophil 01.jpg|Neutrophil | ||
File:Neutrophil | File:Neutrophil 02.jpg|Neutrophil | ||
File:Neutrophil 03.jpg|Neutrophil | |||
File:Eosinophil 01.jpg|Eosinophil | |||
File:Eosinophil 02.jpg|Eosinophil | |||
File:Basophil 01.jpg|Basophil | |||
File:Basophil 02.jpg|Basophil | |||
</gallery> | |||
<gallery caption="Bone Marrow"> | |||
File:Bone marrow histology 01.jpg|Bone Marrow | File:Bone marrow histology 01.jpg|Bone Marrow | ||
File:Bone marrow histology 03.jpg|Red Bone marrow | |||
File:Megakaryocyte 01.jpg|Megakaryocyte | |||
File:Bone marrow histology 05.jpg|Myelocyte and Metamyelocytes | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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Use the RBCs as a ruler. | Use the RBCs as a ruler. | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Blood Cell Number Table}} | |||
==Terms== | |||
{{Blood terms}} | |||
{{ANAT2241 footer}} | {{ANAT2241 footer}} |
Latest revision as of 11:25, 15 March 2019
ANAT2241 This practical support page content is not part of the virtual science practical class and provides additional information for student self-directed learning purposes. All practical class pages are located on Moodle - ANAT2241 |
General Objective
Blood Smear Slide (unstained) | Blood Smear Slide (stained) |
To know the formed elements of human blood and to appreciate that blood could be regarded as a “tissue” in which plasma constitutes the intercelluar substance.
Specific Objectives
- To differentiate blood cells on the basis of morphology and staining properties.
- To understand the principles of blood formation and the tissues and cells involved.
Learning Activities
Virtual Slides: Blood | Histology Drawings
The circulating blood is a liquid connective tissue consisting of cells (red and white blood cells), fragments of cells (platelets) and liquid (plasma). The different cell types are all derived from haemopoietic stem cells located in the bone marrow. Red blood cells (RBCs) have a metabolic role, in carrying oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide to the lungs. White blood cells (WBCs or leukocytes) have a role in the body’s defence, and are an important clinical indicator of disease.
Scanning EM (coloured) of adult erythrocyte, thrombocyte and lymphocyte.
Showing relative sizes and morphologies. Remember a thrombocyte is not a cell, but circulating part or a fragment of a cell.
Virtual Slide Box: 1. Human Blood Smear Slide
Find an area in the smear where the red blood cells are spread out and individual cells can be identified.
Identify:
- Red blood cells (7-8 um diameter anucleate biconcave disc)
- White blood cells: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes (basophils are normally rare).
Note the presence or absence of granules, shape of the nucleus and relative cell sizes. Also identify platelets.
Virtual Slide Box: 2. Bone Marrow Smear Slide
- Do not attempt to identify all the cells in the bone marrow smear, but compare its appearance with that of the blood smear.
- Haematopoiesis (hematopoiesis) is the process of blood cell differentiation and occurs mainly in the bone marrow.
- This bone marrow smear will contain a large number of differentiating blood cells: band cells and normoblasts.
- The largest cells visible are megakaryocytes, which are responsible for platelet production.
Lymphocyte differentiation begins in the bone marrow and continues in central lymphoid organs (bone marrow - B cells and thymus - T cells), then in the peripheral lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen).
Blood Smear
Blood Smear Slide (unstained) | Blood Smear Slide (stained) |
How to make a Blood Smear | Wright and Giemsa Stain |
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<html5media width="450" height="360">https://www.youtube.com/embed/JMd2RScYu0M</html5media> | <html5media width="450" height="360">https://www.youtube.com/embed/9xBcm-1NMqk</html5media> |
Histology Stains
Common Histology Stains | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(Stain - Leishman) - Used to identify leucocytes and named after William Boog Leishman (1865 – 1926) was a Scottish pathologist.
- Methanol mixture of "polychromed" methylene blue (demethylated into various azures) and eosin.
- Methanol also acts as fixative.
- variations include Wright's stain (America) and Giemsa and May-Grünwald stains in Germany and Europe.
Blood Histology
Cell Histology Animation
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Simple animation with cells labeled to help identify HE stain appearance and relative sizes.
Use the RBCs as a ruler. |
Blood Cell Numbers
The adult ranges of cells / 1 litre (l), total blood volume is about 4.7 to 5 litres. Blood Development | Blood Histology
Red Blood Cells
- Male: 4.32 - 5.66 x 1012/l
- Female: 3.88 - 4.99 x 1012/l
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
- Male: 3.7 - 9.5 x 109/l
- Female: 3.9 - 11.1 x 109/l
Granulocytes
- 1.8 - 8.9 x 109/l
- Neutrophils: 1.5 - 7.4 x 109/l
- Eosinophils: 0.02 - 0.67 x 109/l
- Basophils: 0 - 0.13 x 109/l
Non-Granulocytes
- Monocytes 0.21 - 0.92 x 109/l
Lymphocytes
- 1.1 - 3.5 x 109/l
- B-cells: 0.06 - 0.66 x 109/l
- T-cells: 0.77 - 2.68 x 109/l
- CD4+: 0.53 - 1.76 x 109/l
- CD8+: 0.30 - 1.03 x 109/l
- NK cells: 0.20 - 0.40 x 109/l
Platelets
- 140 - 440 x 109/l
- not a cell, a cell fragment.
Terms
Blood Terms |
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Cardiovascular System Development See also Heart terms, Immune terms and Blood terms.
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Other Terms Lists |
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Terms Lists: ART | Birth | Bone | Cardiovascular | Cell Division | Endocrine | Gastrointestinal | Genital | Genetic | Head | Hearing | Heart | Immune | Integumentary | Neonatal | Neural | Oocyte | Palate | Placenta | Radiation | Renal | Respiratory | Spermatozoa | Statistics | Tooth | Ultrasound | Vision | Historic | Drugs | Glossary |
Course Links
- Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Embryology Glossary
Common Histology Stains | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Practical Support
- Pages can be accessed from any internet connected computer.
ANAT2241 Support Links: The Virtual Microscope | Covering and Lining Epithelia | Glandular Epithelia | CT Components | CT Types | Bone, Bone Formation and Joints | Muscle | Nervous | Blood | Eye | Cardiovascular | Respiratory | Integumentary | Gastrointestinal | Gastrointestinal Organs | Lymphatic and Immune | Endocrine | Urinary | Female Reproductive | Male Reproductive | Histology Stains | Histology Drawings | Practicals Health and Safety 2013 | Moodle - 2019
ANAT2241 This practical support page content is not part of the science practical class and provides only background information for student self-directed learning purposes.
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 14) Embryology ANAT2241 Blood. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/ANAT2241_Blood
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G