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Lab Attendance

--Z3459224 (talk) 13:46, 7 August 2015 (AEST)

Test student 2015

Lab Assessment 1

Article 1

PMID 25197669

Summary

Poor response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) is still a major problem in IVF. Many protocols have been tested yet the results have always shown a poor outcome. Poor ovarian responders (PORs) exhibit reduced levels of oocyte quantity and may also exhibit a compromised oocyte quality as there is a high risk of failing to implant.

This article proposes a novel treatment in the form of a luteinizing hormone (LH) pretreatment with the aim of using its ability as an androgen modulating agent to increase androgen accumulation in pre-antral and small antral follicles.

The study consisted of two sections. The first section included a randomised controlled trial with 43 young women who had a poor response to ovarian stimulation in at least two previous cycles. These patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. Group A was the control group which received FSH stimulation while Group B received pretreatment with LH followed by the administration of FSH to fulfill the agonist downregulation protocol. The second section of the study entailed a treatment of 65 patients with the new protocol and then a comparison of these results to those from previous cycles.

The study's results indicated that LH pretreatment was successfully able to reduce cancellations in both the RCT and historical control study groups. The new protocol was also seen to have improved the oocyte's performance in vitro and also increased the live birth rate.

Article 2

PMID 24760136

Summary

Given that there are now more than 5 million children worldwide that have been born through assisted reproductive technologies, there is growing concern over emerging evidence that IVF children have increased risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases later in life.

The study investigates the effects of different dietary conditions and the process of IVF on the glucose metabolism of young adults humans and in adult male C57BL/6J mice conceived by IVF versus their naturally conceived (NC) counterparts. 14 IVF young adult patients and 20 control subjects were fed an energy balanced diet (30% fat) for 3 days. After baseline metabolic tests had taken place, they were subjected to 3 days of overfeeding (45% fat). Concurrently, a study with C57BL/6J mice examined the effects of IVF and and natural conception in adult male offspring on significant metabolic factors. To divide the effects of ovarian stimulation (OS) and embryo culture, the study also examined mice that were conceived after OS alone.

The results showed that peripheral insulin sensitivity was lower in IVF patients than in NC patients after the energy balanced diet and that that the systolic pressure was higher in IVF patients than in NC patients. The parallel study on the C57BL/6J mice indicated that both mice conceived after 0S alone and IVF mice had weights that were significantly less than their controls at birth. Metabolic tests shows that only mice conceived with IVF displayed higher fasting glucose levels, impaired glucose tolerance and a reduction in Akt phosphorlation in the liver following insulin stimulation after an 8 week chow or high fat diet (60% fat).

These findings suggest that humans conceived by IVF have higher insulin resistance and are more metabolically susceptible to high fat overfeeding. Data from mice suggest that it is the process of embryo culture rather than OS that leads to an impairment in glucose metabolism. Thus, these findings suggest that IVF conceived offspring may present with an increased risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in later stages of life.

References

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