Neural Crest - Enteric Nervous System
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Neural Crest - Enteric Nervous System. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Neural_Crest_-_Enteric_Nervous_System
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
Introduction
The neural crest are bilaterally paired strips of cells arising in the ectoderm at the margins of the neural tube. These cells migrate to many different locations and differentiate into many cell types within the embryo. This means that many different systems (neural, skin, teeth, head, face, heart, adrenal glands, gastrointestinal tract) will also have a contribution fron the neural crest cells.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates many key aspects of the gastrointestinal tract including: motility, secretion and blood flow. In the body region, neural crest cells form the entire enteric nervous system, both neurons and glia, of the gastrointestinal tract.
Neural crest cells initially migrate into the foregut splanchnic mesoderm of the developing gastrointestinal tract, these cells then migrate caudally along the gut into the midgut. A second population of sacral neural crest cells migrate to the region of the hindgut.
Neural Crest Links: neural crest | Lecture - Early Neural | Lecture - Neural Crest Development | Lecture Movie | Schwann cell | adrenal | melanocyte | peripheral nervous system | enteric nervous system | cornea | cranial nerve neural crest | head | skull | cardiac neural crest | Nicole Le Douarin | Neural Crest Movies | neural crest abnormalities | Category:Neural Crest | |||
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Intestine Development | Gastrointestinal Tract Development
Some Recent Findings
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Recent References | References
Development Overview
Myenteric plexus
Submucosal plexus
Neural Crest Migration
Abnormalities
Intestinal Aganglionosis
(intestinal aganglionosis, Hirschsprung's disease, aganglionic colon, megacolon, congenital aganglionic megacolon, congenital megacolon) A condition caused by the lack of enteric nervous system (neural ganglia) in the intestinal tract responsible for gastric motility (peristalsis). In general, its severity is dependent upon the amount of the GIT that lacks intrinsic ganglia, due to developmental lack of neural crest migration into those segments. (More? Neural Crest System - Abnormalities)
Historically, Hirschsprung's disease takes its name from Dr Harald Hirschsprung (1830-1916) a Danish pediatrician (of German extraction). In 1886, he presented at the German Society of Pediatrics conference in Berlin a case of 2 infants who died of complications of bowel obstruction (H. Hirschsprung, Stuhltragheit Neugeborener in Folge von Dilatation und Hypertrophie des Colons, Jhrb f Kinderh 27 (1888), pp. 1-7). Later autopsies identified a dilatation and hypertrophy of large intestine, and the rectum appeared normally narrow. Hirschsprung suggested that the condition was an inborn disease and named it congenital megacolon.
The first indication in newborns is an absence of the first bowel movement, other symptoms include throwing up and intestinal infections. Clinically this is detected by one or more tests (barium enema and x ray, manometry or biopsy) and can currently only be treated by surgery. A temoporary ostomy (Colostomy or Ileostomy) with a stoma is carried out prior to a more permanent pull-through surgery.
References
Reviews
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Articles
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Books
Anderson RB, Newgreen DF, Young HM. Neural Crest and the Development of the Enteric Nervous System. In: Madame Curie Bioscience Database [Internet]. Austin (TX): Landes Bioscience; 2000-. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6273/
Search PubMed
Search Pubmed: Enteric Neural Development | hirschprung's disease
Search All Databases: Enteric Neural Development
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Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Neural Crest - Enteric Nervous System. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Neural_Crest_-_Enteric_Nervous_System
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G