K12 Brain Awareness Week: Difference between revisions
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{{Header}} | |||
[[File:Brain_Awareness_Week_icon.jpg]] | |||
==Welcome to Brain Development== | ==Welcome to Brain Development== | ||
{| | {| | ||
| | | [[File:Adult_brain_animation_01.gif]] | ||
[[Media:Adult_brain_02.mov|Quicktime]] | [[Media:Adult_brain_02.mp4|MP4]] | [[Media:Adult_brain_02.mov|Quicktime]] | ||
| '''In today's demonstration we will be looking at how the brain develops from a simple tube into the complex folded structure that you will be seeing (and using) today.''' | | '''In today's demonstration we will be looking at how the brain develops from a simple tube into the complex folded structure that you will be seeing (and using) today.''' | ||
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''' | '''March 12 – 18 2018''' (Sydney Australia) | ||
[[K12_Brain_Awareness_Week#About_Brain_Awareness_Week|What is '''BAW'''?]] | [https://www.sfn.org/public-outreach/brain-awareness-week SfN] | |||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| width=330px|<html5media height="530" width="320">File:Neuralplate_001.mp4</html5media> | |||
[[Media:Neuralplate_001.mp4|Movie]] | |||
[[Media:Neuralplate_001. | |||
| valign=top| | | valign=top| | ||
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This human embryo in week 3 is about 1-1.5 mm long and is viewed from the back, head end to the top. Almost all you see is the '''neural plate'''. | This human embryo in week 3 is about 1-1.5 mm long and is viewed from the back, head end to the top. Almost all you see is the '''neural plate'''. | ||
Early development of brains for vertebrate species develop in exactly the same way. | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| width=500px|<html5media height="480" width="480">File:Neuraltube_001.mp4</html5media> | |||
[[Media:Neuraltube_001.mp4|Movie]] | |||
| valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
The human embryo is now 4 weeks old and sits on top of a big yolk sac. | The human embryo is now 4 weeks old and sits on top of a big yolk sac. | ||
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{| border='0px' | {| border='0px' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| < | | width=530px|<html5media height="600" width="520">File:Human embryo tomography Carnegie stage 17.mp4</html5media> | ||
[[Media:Human embryo tomography Carnegie stage 17.mp4|Movie]] | |||
| valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
[[File:Human_embryo_tomography_Carnegie_stage_17.jpg|300px]] | [[File:Human_embryo_tomography_Carnegie_stage_17.jpg|300px]] | ||
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The skeleton containers of the nervous system, the skull (brain) and vertebral arch (spinal cord), are still flexible and can expand as the nervous system grows in size. | The skeleton containers of the nervous system, the skull (brain) and vertebral arch (spinal cord), are still flexible and can expand as the nervous system grows in size. | ||
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | |||
! There is also growth you cannot see! | |||
|- | |||
| [[File:Neuron cartoon.jpg|300px|left]]'''A Neuron''' - the functional unit of the nervous system. | |||
To small to see with your eyes (you need a microscope) the body cell called a '''neuron''' forms the basic unit that makes up the entire nervous system. | |||
''' | Neurons form connections with other neurons and they are supported by specialized cells the '''glial''' cells. | ||
Billions of neurons in the brain make and break connections throughout your entire life, as the nervous system is remodelled with '''learning'''. | |||
|- | |||
| '''When things go wrong...''' | |||
When neurons in the brain either function incorrectly or die, you have a '''neurological disease'''. | |||
Damage to spinal cord neurons and their connections (car accidents, bike accidents, diving, falls, impact, etc) is called a '''spinal cord injury'''. | |||
Abnormal growth of the support cells causes most of the '''brain cancers'''. | |||
Damage to the blood supply to the brain is the cause of '''brain strokes'''. | |||
|} | |||
==Here is how the human nervous system grows== | |||
{| | |||
| valign="bottom"|{{Neural plate movie}} | |||
| valign="bottom"|{{Neural Tube Closure 1 movie}} | |||
| valign="bottom"|{{Neural tube movie}} | |||
| valign="bottom"|{{Neural stage 13 movie}} | |||
| valign="bottom"|{{Stage_17_Embryo_movie}} | |||
|- | |||
| '''Week 3''' | |||
| '''Week 4''' | |||
| '''Week 4 to 5''' | |||
| '''Week 5''' | |||
| '''Week 6''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | valign="bottom"|{{Neural stage 22 movie}} | ||
| | | valign="bottom"|{{Sylvian fissure movie}} | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Week 8''' | |||
| '''Week 13 to 21''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Here is a developing mouse nervous system=== | ===Here is a developing mouse nervous system=== | ||
{| border='0px' | {| border='0px' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| < | | width=360px|<html5media height="420" width="340">File:Mouse CT E11.5.mp4</html5media> | ||
[[Media:Mouse CT E11.5.mp4|Movie]] | |||
| valign="top"| | | valign="top"| | ||
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| valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
[[File:Mouse_CT_E11.5_movie-icon.jpg|200px]] | [[File:Mouse_CT_E11.5_movie-icon.jpg|200px|link=Mouse E11.5 microCT Movie]] | ||
[[ | [[Mouse E11.5 microCT Movie|Mouse E11.5]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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In today's demonstration you will also see some models of brains from different species. Each coloured part on the brain models shows a '''different brain region''' each with a '''different function'''. | In today's demonstration you will also see some models of brains from different species. Each coloured part on the brain models shows a '''different brain region''' each with a '''different function'''. | ||
Each brain region is the same colour (code) in all models. | Each brain region is the same colour (code) in all models. | ||
* Yellow - (forebrain) cortex | |||
* Blue - (midbrain) vision and hearing pathway, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal | |||
* Brown - (hindbrain) cerebellum | |||
# Do not worry about the names of all the different structures. | # Do not worry about the names of all the different structures. | ||
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{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | |||
! Watch the video - The Evolving Brain (5 min) | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
<html5media height="360" width="480">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUzeEpcO238</html5media> | |||
[http://www.brainfacts.org/brain-basics/evolution/articles/2015/mysteries-of-the-brain-evolving-brain/ brainfacts.org - The Evolving Brain] | |||
|} | |||
(Link to [[Talk:K12_Brain_Awareness_Week#Cerebrum_Comparative_Anatomy|Detailed Information]], not part of demonstration) | (Link to [[Talk:K12_Brain_Awareness_Week#Cerebrum_Comparative_Anatomy|Detailed Information]], not part of demonstration) | ||
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==About Brain Awareness Week== | ==About Brain Awareness Week== | ||
[[File:Brain_Awareness_Week_icon.jpg|300px]] | |||
'''BAW''' - '''B'''rain '''A'''wareness '''W'''eek is an inspirational global campaign that unites those who share an interest in elevating public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain and nervous system research. This current page is an updated version of earlier presentations in [[Brain Awareness Week 2012|2012]], [http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=K12_Brain_Awareness_Week&oldid=117748 2013], [https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=K12_Brain_Awareness_Week&oldid=151139 2014], [https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=K12_Brain_Awareness_Week&oldid=220813 2015] and 2017. | |||
:'''More?''' [http://www.sfn.org/index.aspx?pagename=baw_home Society for Neuroscience] - [http://www.sfn.org/baw/ BAW] | [http://www.brainfacts.org www.brainfacts.org] | |||
:'''More?''' [http://www.sfn.org/index.aspx?pagename=baw_home Society for Neuroscience] | |||
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{{K12}} | {{K12}} | ||
[[Movies|'''More development movies''']] | |||
===More Detailed Neural Development=== | ===More Detailed Neural Development=== | ||
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{{Footer}} | {{Footer}} | ||
[[Category:Neural]] [[Category:K12]] | [[Category:Neural]] [[Category:K12]][[Category:2018]] |
Latest revision as of 06:46, 13 March 2018
Embryology - 21 May 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Welcome to Brain Development
Here is Human Development
This graph shows how we divide human development into different times. Key events occur in the first trimester (embryonic). The neural system continues to develop through the second and third trimester (fetal) and even after birth (postnatal). This long complex development makes it more easy to damage.
Week 3 - It begins as a Plate
Week 4 - That folds to a Tube
The tube then Closes at each End
These images show the neural tube closing leaving an opening (neuropore) at each end.
|
Week 4 - what the neural tube looks like when cut across. | Week 5 - what the neural tube looks like within the embryo. |
Week 6 to 8 - The brain end of the tube forms 3 Vesicles
Brain
<html5media height="600" width="520">File:Human embryo tomography Carnegie stage 17.mp4</html5media> |
Week 6 - the brain and spinal cord of the human embryo. Also visible are the heart (bright white) and placental cord containing placental blood vessels. |
Spinal Cord
At the spinal cord end - the tube stays narrow. This region begins to put out motor nerves to innervate muscle and sensory nerves grow towards the developing spinal cord.
Second Trimester - Fetal brain Grows in Size
This Scan of the living brain, shows the growth that occurs during the second trimester (red bar top right is 1 cm).
|
Third Trimester - Fetal brain Grows in Surface Area
Week 40 on - Newborn brain Grows
The brain has not finished growing at birth.
Growth you can see!
Much of the growth in size after birth is due to "white matter" development, the support cells of the brain, spinal cord and nerves.
The skeleton containers of the nervous system, the skull (brain) and vertebral arch (spinal cord), are still flexible and can expand as the nervous system grows in size.
There is also growth you cannot see! |
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A Neuron - the functional unit of the nervous system.
To small to see with your eyes (you need a microscope) the body cell called a neuron forms the basic unit that makes up the entire nervous system.
|
When things go wrong...
When neurons in the brain either function incorrectly or die, you have a neurological disease. Damage to spinal cord neurons and their connections (car accidents, bike accidents, diving, falls, impact, etc) is called a spinal cord injury. Abnormal growth of the support cells causes most of the brain cancers. Damage to the blood supply to the brain is the cause of brain strokes. |
Here is how the human nervous system grows
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Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 4 to 5 | Week 5 | Week 6 | |||||||||||||||
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Week 8 | Week 13 to 21 |
Here is a developing mouse nervous system
<html5media height="420" width="340">File:Mouse CT E11.5.mp4</html5media> |
This movie shows a 11.5 days old mouse brain. (Mouse development takes 21 days and is a model used in research)
Red - brain
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Comparative Brain Anatomy
In today's demonstration you will also see some models of brains from different species. Each coloured part on the brain models shows a different brain region each with a different function. Each brain region is the same colour (code) in all models.
- Yellow - (forebrain) cortex
- Blue - (midbrain) vision and hearing pathway, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal
- Brown - (hindbrain) cerebellum
- Do not worry about the names of all the different structures.
- Can you see the same coloured structures in all the brains?
- Are the same coloured structures the same shape and size in all brains?
Watch the video - The Evolving Brain (5 min) |
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<html5media height="360" width="480">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUzeEpcO238</html5media> |
(Link to Detailed Information, not part of demonstration)
About Brain Awareness Week
BAW - Brain Awareness Week is an inspirational global campaign that unites those who share an interest in elevating public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain and nervous system research. This current page is an updated version of earlier presentations in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017.
- More? Society for Neuroscience - BAW | www.brainfacts.org
More K12 Development Topics
More Detailed Neural Development
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 21) Embryology K12 Brain Awareness Week. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/K12_Brain_Awareness_Week
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G