Granulosa cell: Difference between revisions
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* '''Transcriptomic Diversification of Developing Cumulus and Mural Granulosa Cells in Mouse Ovarian Follicles'''<ref name=PMID25376232><pubmed>25376232</pubmed></ref> "Cumulus cells and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) have functionally distinct roles in antral follicles, and comparison of their transcriptomes at a global and systems level can propel future studies on mechanisms underlying their functional diversity. | * '''Transcriptomic Diversification of Developing Cumulus and Mural Granulosa Cells in Mouse Ovarian Follicles'''<ref name=PMID25376232><pubmed>25376232</pubmed></ref> "Cumulus cells and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) have functionally distinct roles in antral follicles, and comparison of their transcriptomes at a global and systems level can propel future studies on mechanisms underlying their functional diversity. ...Gene Ontology analysis revealed that cumulus cells of small follicles were enriched in transcripts generally associated with catalytic components of metabolic processes, while those from large follicles were involved in regulation of metabolism, cell differentiation, and adhesion. Contrast of cumulus cells versus MGCs revealed that cumulus cells were enriched in transcripts associated with metabolism and cell proliferation while MGCs were enriched for transcripts involved in cell signaling and differentiation. In-vitro and in-vivo models were used to test the hypothesis that higher levels of transcripts in cumulus cells versus MGCs is the result of stimulation by oocyte-derived paracrine factors (ODPFs)." | ||
* '''Wt1 functions in ovarian follicle development by regulating granulosa cell differentiation'''<ref name=PMID24009315><pubmed>24009315</pubmed></ref> "The Wt1 gene encodes a nuclear transcription factor that is specifically expressed in ovarian granulosa cells. However, the physiological significance of Wt1 in ovarian follicle development remains elusive. ...The results of in vitro studies demonstrated that the expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and Aromatase was inhibited by Wt1 in granulosa cells, and mutation of Wt1 resulted in the upregulation of these genes and in the premature differentiation of granulosa cells. We also found that Wt1 was likely involved in granulosa cell development via the regulation of E-cadherin and Par6b expression. Mutation in Wt1 caused defects in polarity establishment in granulosa cells, which also likely contributed to the observed aberrant follicle development." | |||
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{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | ||
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Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Granulosa+cell+development ''Granulosa cell development''] | Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Granulosa+cell+development ''Granulosa cell development''] | ||
<pubmed limit=5>Cumulus cell development</pubmed> | |||
<pubmed limit=5>Granulosa cell development</pubmed> | <pubmed limit=5>Granulosa cell development</pubmed> | ||
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File:Mouse germinal vesicle 04.jpg|Oocyte and granulosa cells | File:Mouse germinal vesicle 04.jpg|Oocyte and granulosa cells | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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File:Bailey001.jpg|Historic - From a section of the ovary of a 12-year old girl | File:Bailey001.jpg|Historic - From a section of the ovary of a 12-year old girl | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==Terms== | |||
* '''acrosome reaction''' - The chemical change within the [[S#spermatozoa|spermatozoa]] following binding to the zona pellucida, that leads to the release of acrosomal enzymatic contents. These enzymes degrade the zona pellucida and allow a [[S#spermatozoa|spermatozoa]] to penetrate an oocyte. | |||
* '''cumulus cell''' - (Latin, ''cumulus'' = a little mound; Greek, ''oo''= egg, phorus=carrying) granulosa cells directly around the zone pellucida a | |||
* '''granulosa cell''' - A specific cell type that proliferates in association with the oocyte within the developing [[F#follicle|follicles]] of the [[O#ovary|ovary]]. These cells form the [[F#follicle|follicle]] stratum granulosa and are also given specific names based upon their position within the [[F#follicle|follicle]]. In the [[A#antral_follicle|antral follicle]], [[M#membrana_granulosa|membrana granulosa]] sits on the [[F#follicular_basal_lamina|follicular basal lamina]] and lines the antrum as a stratified epithelium. The [[C#cumulus_oophorus|cumulus oophorus]] is a column of granulosa cells that attaches the oocyte to the [[F#follicle|follicle]] wall. The [[C#corona_radiata|corona radiata]] are the [[G#granulosa cell|granulosa cells]] that directly surround the oocyte, and are released along with it at ovulation. Following ovulation the corona radiata provide physical protection to the oocyte and granulosa cells within the ovulating [[F#follicle|follicle]] contribute to corpus luteum. | |||
* '''mural granulosa cell''' - | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== |
Revision as of 23:34, 11 November 2014
Embryology - 27 Apr 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
Surrounding the oocyte as it develops within the ovary follicle are multiple layers of granulosa cells that are bound to the thick specialised extracellular matrix, the zona pellucida. Following release of the oocyte at ovulation, these cells form the granolas layer.
Granulosa cells can also have specific names depending upon location within the ovarian follicle: cumulus oophrous (Latin, cumulus = a little mound; Greek, oo= egg, phorus=carrying) granulosa cells directly around the zone pellucida and released with the oocyte; membrana granulosa granulosa cells forming the layer within the follicle antral wall; discus proligerus can refer to the attachment between cumulus oophrous and membrane granulosa.
In human development, during the first week of development following fertilization the granolas cell layer and zona pellucida remains surrounding the blastocyst from which it "hatches" to commence implantation.
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Granulosa cell development <pubmed limit=5>Cumulus cell development</pubmed> <pubmed limit=5>Granulosa cell development</pubmed> |
Follicle Granulosa Cells
Granulosa cells can also have specific names depending upon location within the follicle.
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Mouse Granulosa Cells
References
Reviews
<pubmed>18539589</pubmed>
Articles
Bookshelf
Search NCBI Bookshelf zona pellucida | acrosome reaction
Search Pubmed
July 2010 "zona pellucida" All (4801) Review (582) Free Full Text (1408)
Search Pubmed: zona pellucida | acrosome reaction | Zona pellucida protein 1 | Zona pellucida protein 2 | Zona pellucida protein 3 | Zona pellucida protein 4
Search Images: zona pellucida
Additional Images
Mouse oocyte and zona pellucida - light and TEM
Mouse oocyte and zona pellucida TEM
Cat oocyte zona pellucida SEM
Cat oocyte zona pellucida SEM
Cat oocyte zona pellucida spermatozoa bound SEM
Hamster oocyte zona pellucida SEM
Pig ZPC deposition in oocyte-cumulus complexes
Terms
- acrosome reaction - The chemical change within the spermatozoa following binding to the zona pellucida, that leads to the release of acrosomal enzymatic contents. These enzymes degrade the zona pellucida and allow a spermatozoa to penetrate an oocyte.
- cumulus cell - (Latin, cumulus = a little mound; Greek, oo= egg, phorus=carrying) granulosa cells directly around the zone pellucida a
- granulosa cell - A specific cell type that proliferates in association with the oocyte within the developing follicles of the ovary. These cells form the follicle stratum granulosa and are also given specific names based upon their position within the follicle. In the antral follicle, membrana granulosa sits on the follicular basal lamina and lines the antrum as a stratified epithelium. The cumulus oophorus is a column of granulosa cells that attaches the oocyte to the follicle wall. The corona radiata are the granulosa cells that directly surround the oocyte, and are released along with it at ovulation. Following ovulation the corona radiata provide physical protection to the oocyte and granulosa cells within the ovulating follicle contribute to corpus luteum.
- mural granulosa cell -
External Links
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 27) Embryology Granulosa cell. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Granulosa_cell
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G