2009 Lecture 20: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:49, 3 October 2009

Introduction

Pituitary

The endocrine system resides within specific endocrine organs and both organs and tissues with other specific functions. Epithelia (ectoderm and endoderm) form the majority of the “ductless” endocrine glands like gastrointestinal and skin associated “ducted” glands. Differentiation of several also organs involves a epithelial/mesenchye interaction, seen in repeated in many differentiation of many different tissues. The endocrine glands produce hormones, which are distributed by the vascular system to the many body tissues, subsequently these organs are richly vascularized.

Hormones “orchestrate” responses in other tissues, including other endocrine organs, and these overall effects can be similar or different in different tissues. In addition, these hormone effects (like music) can be rapid, slow, brief, diurnal, or long-term. Hormone effects can be mimicked, stimulated, and blocked by therapeutic drugs, nutritional and environmental chemicals.

2008: Lecture - Endocrine Development | lecture 1 slide/page PDF | lecture 4 slides/page PDF |

2009: Medicine Lecture - Endocrine Development | lecture 1 slide/page PDF

Lecture Objectives

Understanding of hormone types
Understanding of endocrine gland development
Understanding of endocrine developmental functions
Brief understanding of endocrine abnormalities

Textbooks

In general, not dealt with as a system in many textbooks, so various chapters: nervous system, head, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive organs, etc.

Human Embryology (3rd ed.) Larson
The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (6th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapters 10: p230-233; Ch12: p280-282; Ch13: p319-347

Hormones

Hormone Types

Amino acid derivatives - noradrenaline (norepinepherine), adrenalin (epinepherine) , thyroid hormone
Proteins, peptides - thyroid stimulating hormone, leutenising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone
Steroids - androgens, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids

Hormone Actions

Autocrine - acts on self (extracellular fluid)
Paracrine - acts locally (extracellular fluid)
Endocrine - acts by secretion into blood stream (endocrine organs are richly vascularized)

Hormone Receptors

Hormones are recognised by either cell surface receptors (modified amino acids, peptides, proteins) or cytoplasmic/nuclear receptors (steroids).

Links

UNSW Embryology: Stage 13/14 Embryo | Stage 22 Embryo | Selected Sections Stage 22 Embryo | Abnormal Endocrine Development | Pituitary Development | Thyroid Development | Adrenal Development | Pancreas Development See also GIT Notes- Pancreas | Endocrine Placenta | Hypothalmus | Parathyroid | Endocrine Adipose Tissue | Other Endocrine Tissues
Embryo Images: Pituitary Development

Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link

Course Content 2009

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 2) Embryology 2009 Lecture 20. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/2009_Lecture_20

What Links Here?

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 * Endocrine - acts by secretion into blood stream (endocrine organs are richly vascularized)
-==Hormone Receptors==
+===Hormone Receptors===
 Hormones are recognised by either cell surface receptors (modified amino acids, peptides, proteins) or cytoplasmic/nuclear receptors (steroids).
 ==Links==