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UNSW Embryology

Endocrine Development - Other Cells

© Dr Mark Hill (2008)

Acknowledgements

Introduction

These set of notes under development.

Selected cells within the following organs also contribute to endocrine regulation.

Page Links: Introduction | Some Recent Findings | GIT Enterohormones | Ghrelin | References | Glossary

Some Recent Findings

GIT Enterohormones

The gastrointestinal tract has its own complex entero-endocrine system (enterohormones) that regulates many regional tract functions.

Cells within the stomach express a range of peptide hormones known to regulate a range of gastric functions including secretion of digestive enzymes, mucous and the movement of the luminal contents. The list below shows the earliest detectible presence of specific hormone-containing cells in regions of the developing human stomach.

8 weeks - Gastrin containing cells in stomach antrum. Somatostatin cells in both the antrum and the fundus.

10 weeks - Glucagon containing cells in stomach fundus.

11 weeks - Serotonin containing cells in both the antrum and the fundus.

(Data: Stein BA, Buchan AM, Morris J, Polak JM. The ontogeny of regulatory peptide-containing cells in the human fetal stomach: an immunocytochemical study. J Histochem Cytochem. 1983 Sep;31(9):1117-25.)

Other gut peptides: cholecystokinin (CCK), pancreatic polypeptide, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin (increase satiety and decrease food intake) and ghrelin

Ghrelin

Ghrelin is produced in the stomach as a long-term regulator of energy metabolism and short-term regulation of feeding.

References

Links: Reviews | Articles | Online Textbooks | Search Textbooks | Search PubMed | Glossary

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Glossary of Terms

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