Immune System - Abnormalities

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Introduction

Developing Human Thymus (Carnegie stage 22)
Developing Human Thymus (stage 22)


Immune Links: immune | blood | spleen | thymus | lymphatic | lymph node | Antibody | Med Lecture - Lymphatic Structure | Med Practical | Immune Movies | vaccination | bacterial infection | Abnormalities | Category:Immune
Historic Embryology  
1909 Lymph glands | 1912 Development of the Lymphatic System | 1918 Gray's Lymphatic Images | 1916 Pig Lymphatics | 1919 Chicken Lymphatic | 1921 Spleen | 1922 Pig Stomach Lymphatics | 1932 Cat Pharyngeal Tonsil | Historic Disclaimer


Abnormality Links: abnormal development | abnormal genetic | abnormal environmental | Unknown | teratogens | ectopic pregnancy | cardiovascular abnormalities | coelom abnormalities | endocrine abnormalities | gastrointestinal abnormalities | genital abnormalities | head abnormalities | integumentary abnormalities | musculoskeletal abnormalities | limb abnormalities | neural abnormalities | neural crest abnormalities | placenta abnormalities | renal abnormalities | respiratory abnormalities | hearing abnormalities | vision abnormalities | twinning | Developmental Origins of Health and Disease |  ICD-11
Historic Embryology  
1915 Congenital Cardiac Disease | 1917 Frequency of Anomalies in Human Embryos | 1920 Hydatiform Degeneration Tubal Pregnancy | 1921 Anencephalic Embryo | 1921 Rat and Man | 1966 Congenital Malformations

Some Recent Findings

  • Report - Prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children aged 0–14 in Australia 2013[1] "Type 1 diabetes is a non-preventable lifelong autoimmune disease, which is most commonly diagnosed in children. It is a difficult condition to manage, and if left untreated or improperly managed, can lead to many health complications or death. In 2013, 6,091 children aged 0-14 had type 1 diabetes in Australia-representing 139 cases per 100,000 population, or about 1 in every 720 children in that age group. Rates of type 1 diabetes were similar for both boys and girls. Rates for children aged 10-14 were twice as high (278 cases per 100,000 population) as for children aged 5-9 (123 per 100,000), and more than 10 times as high as for children aged 0-4 (27 per 100,000).." Type 1 Diabetes | Endocrine - Pancreas Development | Immune System Development
More recent papers  
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Search term: Immune Abnormalities

Type 1 Diabetes

Prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children aged 0–14 in Australia 2013[1]

Type 1 diabetes is a non-preventable lifelong autoimmune disease, which is most commonly diagnosed in children. It is a difficult condition to manage, and if left untreated or improperly managed, can lead to many health complications or death. Ongoing, regular monitoring of type 1 diabetes is essential to improve Australia's ability to respond to this important health problem.

  • In 2013, 6,091 children aged 0-14 had type 1 diabetes in Australia-representing 139 cases per 100,000 population, or about 1 in every 720 children in that age group.
  • Rates of type 1 diabetes were similar for both boys and girls.
  • Rates for children aged 10-14 were twice as high (278 cases per 100,000 population) as for children aged 5-9 (123 per 100,000), and more than 10 times as high as for children aged 0-4 (27 per 100,000).
  • The Northern Territory had the lowest prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children (50 cases per 100,000 population), while Tasmania had the highest (166 per 100,000).
  • Children living in Remote and very remote areas had the lowest prevalence of type 1 diabetes (82 cases per 100,000 population) compared with all other areas in Australia (where rates varied between 133 and 169 cases per 100,000 population).
  • The prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children was relatively similar across socioeconomic groups.
  • There were 167 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with type 1 diabetes-equating to 69 cases per 100,000 Indigenous children, or 1 in almost 1,500.
  • Just over 2 in 5 children (43%) with type 1 diabetes used a pump to administer insulin.
Recent Type 1 Diabetes Research
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Search term: Type 1 Diabetes


Links: Endocrine - Pancreas Development | Immune System Development | Australian Statistics

External Links

External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.

  • Diabetes Australia - Type 1 Diabetes
  • American Diabetes Association [www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics Statistics About Diabetes]



Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology Immune System - Abnormalities. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Immune_System_-_Abnormalities

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
  1. 1.0 1.1 AIHW 2015. Prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children aged 0–14 in Australia 2013. Diabetes series no. 24. Cat. no. CVD 70. Canberra: AIHW.