ANAT2241 Integumentary System

From Embryology

ANAT2241 course banner.jpg

ANAT2241 This practical support page content is not part of the virtual science practical class and provides additional information for student self-directed learning purposes. All practical class pages are located on Moodle - ANAT2241

General Objective

To know the structure and function of skin and its appendages (derivatives).

Specific Objectives

  1. To know the microscopic structure of the epidermis and dermis.
  2. To know the histological differences between hairy (thin) and glabrous (thick) skin.
  3. To know the formation and histology of skin appendages: eccrine and apocrine sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hairs, nails and specialised glands as listed below.
  4. To know the histological features of Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles and free nerve endings.

Learning activities

Examine the following virtual slides, and in course manual identify draw and label the following structures and note their function.

Virtual Slides: Integumentary System (skin)


Histology

Adult skin histology 02.jpg

Skin overview (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin)

Adult skin histology 03.jpg

Skin overview (trichrome stain)

Adult epidermis histology 01.jpg

Epidermis (thin skin) (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin)

Adult epidermis histology 02.jpg

Epidermis (thick skin)

Adult skin histology 01.jpg

Epidermis and Dermis (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin)

Adult skin histology 04.jpg

Dermis elastic fibres ((Stain - van Gieson) and Silver Stain)

Pigmentation

Adult epidermis histology 03.jpg

Melanin in Basal Cell Layer

Glands and Hair

Merocrine secretion animation.gif Apocrine secretion animation.gif Holocrine secretion animation.gif
Merocrine secretion (sweat gland) Apocrine secretion (axilla) Holocrine secretion (hair follicle)


Sensory

Touch Pressure
Meissner corpuscle 01.jpg Pacinian corpuscle histology 01.jpg
Meissner corpuscle a sensory touch cellular structure located in the dermis superficial region. Pacinian corpuscle a sensory pressure cellular structure located in the dermis deep region.


Meissner Corpuscle
  • coiled, spring-like structures composed of stacked, disk-like lamellar cells.
  • lamellae orientation is usually parallel to the skin surface.



  • lamellar cells - Schwann cell-derived with peripherally displaced nuclei in a fibroblastic capsule incomplete at the apex.
  • sensory neurites - course through the lamellae, not visible by (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin).
Meissner corpuscle 01.jpg
Links: touch

Lip

Integumentary - lip01.jpg

vermilion border

  • anatomical lips - comprise the entire fleshy fold surrounding the oral orifice.
  • vermilion - red part of the lips.
  • vermilion border (prolabium) - only a small part, area of transition from skin to oral mucosa.
  • outside - covered by thin skin, stratified squamous keratinised epithelium
    • skin side - hairs, swear and sebaceous glands.
  • inside - lined by oral mucosa, stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium
    • mucosa side - labial salivary glands (mucoserous).
  • orbicularis oris muscle - skeletal (striated) muscle that shapes the lips.

Nail

Fingernail cartoon.jpg
  • convex on its outer surface, concave within
  • in a groove in the skin, implanted by a portion called the root
  • exposed portion is called the body
  • distal extremity the free edge


Integument Histology Links: Adult Skin | Epidermis and Dermis | Thin Skin Epidermis | Thick Skin Epidermis | Elastic Fibres | Basal Cell Melanin | Foundations Practical Support | Integumentary System Development | Histology Stains


Course Links

Moodle - ANAT2241 - 2019

Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Embryology Glossary


Common Histology Stains  
Histology Stains - Common Stains and Their Reactions
Stain
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Collagen
RBCs
Other
Haematoxylin
blue
-
-
-
mucins - light blue
Eosin
-
pink
pale pink
bright red
colloid - pinkmuscle - red
Iron Haematoxylin
blue/black
-
-
-
Van Gieson
-
brown/yellow
red
yellow
muscle: yellow/browncartilage - pink
Verhoeff's Elastin
black
-
-
-
elastic fibres - black
Tartrazine
-
yellow
yellow
yellow
Silver Impregnation
-
-
grey/brown
-
reticular fibres - black
Methyl Green
dark green
light green
light green
green
Nuclear Fast Red
red
pink
pink
pink
Gomori's Trichrome
purple/red
purple
green
red
keratin - redmuscle - purple/red
Heidenhain's Azan
red
purple/red
deep blue
red
muscle - red
Osmium Tetroxide
-
-
brown
brown
myelin, lipids - black
Alcian Blue
-
-
-
-
mucins, - blue
Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)
-
-
pink
-
mucins, glycogen, glycocalyx - magenta
Phosphotungstic Acid-Hematoxylin (PTAH)
blue
-
red
blue
muscle bands - blue
Masson's Trichrome
blue/black
red
green/blue
red
cartilage, mucins - blue or green; muscle - red
Luxol Fast Blue
-
-
-
variable
myelin - blue
Aldehyde Fuchsin
-
-
-
-
elastic fibres, mast cells - deep purple
Light Green
-
-
light green
-
Gallocyanin
dark blue
-
-
-
nucleic acids, Nissl granules - dark blue
Romanowsky (e.g. Leishman's)
blue
pink
acidophils - red, basophils - blue, azurophilic - purple
Aldehyde Pararosanilin elastic fibres - purple
Haematoxylin and Eosin
One of the most common staining techniques in pathology and histology. Acronym "H and E" stain. (H&E, HE).


Haematoxylin
  • Stains nuclei blue to dark-blue.
  • Stains the matrix of hyaline cartilage, myxomatous, and mucoid material pale blue.
  • Stains myelin weakly but is not noticeable if combined with eosin stain.
  • combined with Orange G (H & Or. G.) instead of eosin, specifically stains the granules of acidophilic cells of the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary).
Eosin
  • Stains cytoplasm pink to red; red blood cells are also bright red.
  • Common counterstain to hematoxylin.
  • Stain intensity varies with the formula as well as the fixative.

Practical Support

Pages can be accessed from any internet connected computer.

ANAT2241 Support Links: The Virtual Microscope | Covering and Lining Epithelia | Glandular Epithelia | CT Components | CT Types | Bone, Bone Formation and Joints | Muscle | Nervous | Blood | Eye | Cardiovascular | Respiratory | Integumentary | Gastrointestinal | Gastrointestinal Organs | Lymphatic and Immune | Endocrine | Urinary | Female Reproductive | Male Reproductive | Histology Stains | Histology Drawings | Practicals Health and Safety 2013 | Moodle - 2019


ANAT2241 This practical support page content is not part of the science practical class and provides only background information for student self-directed learning purposes.


Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology ANAT2241 Integumentary System. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/ANAT2241_Integumentary_System

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G