Sensory - Touch Development: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
Line 56: | Line 56: | ||
Meissner's corpuscles are located throughout the skin and are seen concentrated in regions of high touch (finger tips, lips, genital regions). | Meissner's corpuscles are located throughout the skin and are seen concentrated in regions of high touch (finger tips, lips, genital regions). | ||
==Merkel cell== | ==Merkel cell== | ||
Merkel cells arise in the embryo<ref name=PMID25468937><pubmed>25468937</pubmed></ref> and in the adult<ref name=PMID25624394><pubmed>25624394</pubmed>| [http://jcb.rupress.org/content/208/3/367.long J Cell Biol.]</ref> from an epidermal progenitor cell population. These cells express the transcription factor Atoh1 and when differentiated are post-mitotic. | |||
(Moll et al., 1995). However, quantitative, morphological, and fate-mapping studies suggest that Merkel cell numbers in adult hairy skin oscillate with the hair cycle, implying that Merkel cells turnover throughout an organism’s lifespan (Nafstad, 1987; Moll et al., 1996a; Nakafusa et al., 2006; Van Keymeulen et al., 2009). Mitotically active progenitors are the likely source of new Merkel cells, as a small percentage of Merkel cells are labeled several days after administration of nucleotide analogues (Mérot et al., 1987; Vaigot et al., 1987; Mérot and Saurat, 1988; Woo et al., 2010). Recent work in hairy skin has suggested that these progenitors are either multipotent stem cells located in the hair follicle bulge region or bipotent progenitors found among the touch dome keratinocytes (Van Keymeulen et al., 2009; Woo et al., 2010; Doucet et al., 2013). Accurate identification of Merkel cell progenitors is crucial because of the potential for these cells to act as the cellular origin of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but devastating disease that currently has no targeted therapies (Sidhu et al., 2005; Kuwamoto, 2011; Tilling and Moll, 2012). | |||
{| | {| | ||
| [[File:Merkel cell EM 01.jpg|300px]] | | [[File:Merkel cell EM 01.jpg|300px]] |
Revision as of 15:40, 4 February 2015
Embryology - 3 May 2024 Expand to Translate |
---|
Google Translate - select your language from the list shown below (this will open a new external page) |
العربية | català | 中文 | 中國傳統的 | français | Deutsche | עִברִית | हिंदी | bahasa Indonesia | italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | မြန်မာ | Pilipino | Polskie | português | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਦੇ | Română | русский | Español | Swahili | Svensk | ไทย | Türkçe | اردو | ייִדיש | Tiếng Việt These external translations are automated and may not be accurate. (More? About Translations) |
Introduction
These notes introduce the development of the sense of touch, part of the somatosensory system. Because of the distribution of the sensory structures within the skin, this topic is generally also covered in integumentary development.
Senses Links: Introduction | placode | Hearing and Balance hearing | balance | vision | smell | taste | touch | Stage 22 | Category:Sensory |
Some Recent Findings
|
More recent papers |
---|
This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Touch Development <pubmed limit=5>Touch Development</pubmed> |
Touch Receptors
Touch receptors in mammalian skin and the neural encoding of reception.[7]
Touch Pathway
Pacinian corpuscle
Meissner's corpuscle
Meissner's corpuscles are located throughout the skin and are seen concentrated in regions of high touch (finger tips, lips, genital regions).
Merkel cell
Merkel cells arise in the embryo[3] and in the adult[2] from an epidermal progenitor cell population. These cells express the transcription factor Atoh1 and when differentiated are post-mitotic.
(Moll et al., 1995). However, quantitative, morphological, and fate-mapping studies suggest that Merkel cell numbers in adult hairy skin oscillate with the hair cycle, implying that Merkel cells turnover throughout an organism’s lifespan (Nafstad, 1987; Moll et al., 1996a; Nakafusa et al., 2006; Van Keymeulen et al., 2009). Mitotically active progenitors are the likely source of new Merkel cells, as a small percentage of Merkel cells are labeled several days after administration of nucleotide analogues (Mérot et al., 1987; Vaigot et al., 1987; Mérot and Saurat, 1988; Woo et al., 2010). Recent work in hairy skin has suggested that these progenitors are either multipotent stem cells located in the hair follicle bulge region or bipotent progenitors found among the touch dome keratinocytes (Van Keymeulen et al., 2009; Woo et al., 2010; Doucet et al., 2013). Accurate identification of Merkel cell progenitors is crucial because of the potential for these cells to act as the cellular origin of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but devastating disease that currently has no targeted therapies (Sidhu et al., 2005; Kuwamoto, 2011; Tilling and Moll, 2012).
Isolated Merkel cell (em) |
Merkel cell (Merkel-Ranvier cell) integumentary (skin) receptor cell connected with somatosensory afferents.
Cell characteristics a polylobulated nucleus and numerous typical dense-core granules in a clear cytoplasm. The name "Merckel cell" was based upon Friedrich Sigmund Merkel (1845 – 1919) a German anatomist and histologist, first description of these touch cells (Tastzellen) and named in his honour by Robert Bonnet (1851–1921). Scale bar 5 µm (Stain - Osmium) |
Sensory Modalities
Thermoreceptors
- Receptors for heat (warmth) and cold (chill) detection.
- heat - C-fibres
- cold - Aδ fibres
Nociceptors
- Receptors for encoding and processing noxious stimuli.
- A-δ nociceptors
- Polymodal C-nociceptors
- C- mechano-insensitive nociceptors
Abnormalities
Merkel cell carcinoma
References
- ↑ <pubmed>20956378</pubmed>| PMC2958478 | JCB
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 <pubmed>25624394</pubmed>| J Cell Biol.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 <pubmed>25468937</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>22710006</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>21906948</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>21041368</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>20956378</pubmed>| PMC2958478 | JCB
Reviews
<pubmed>21841076</pubmed> <pubmed>20956378</pubmed>| JCB
Articles
Books
Neurobiology of Sensation and Reward. Gottfried JA, editor. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2011. Chapter 7 - Touch PMID 22593916
Search PubMed
Search Pubmed: Touch Development | touch receptors |
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
Terms
- Georg Meissner - (1829-1905) German histologist, physiologist and anatomist. Beiträge zur Anatomie und Physiologie der Haut. (Contributions to the anatomy and physiology of the skin.) Leipzig, 1853.
- Friedrich Sigmund Merkel- (1845 – 1919) German anatomist and histologist, the name "Merckel cell" was based upon his first full description of touch cells (Tastzellen) and named by Robert Bonnet (1851–1921).
referred to these cells as Tastzellen or "touch cells" but this proposed function has been controversial as it has been hard to prove.
- Filippo Pacini - (1812-1883) Italian anatomist, published in 1840, and the name "Pacini's corpuscles" was proposed in 1844 by Henle and also by Kölliker.
- Angelo Ruffini (1864 – 1929) Italian histologist and embryologist, the name "Ruffini corpuscles" was based upon his first description of skin mechanoreceptors.
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 3) Embryology Sensory - Touch Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Sensory_-_Touch_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G