Birth - Macrosomia
Embryology - 20 Jun 2024 Expand to Translate |
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Introduction
Macrosomia (large gestational age, LGA) is a term used to describe a newborn with an excessive birth weight due to a range of known and unknown causes. There are many different definitions that have been used for to this term, generally a birth weight of 4000 to 4500 g (8 lb 13 oz to 9 lb 15 oz) or greater than 90% for gestational age after correcting for neonatal sex and ethnicity. A recent study of USA data[1] suggests adverse perinatal outcomes of birthweight exceeded the 97th percentile. Their definition was a "birthweight greater than 4500 g in Whites, or 4300 g in Blacks and Hispanics regardless of gestational age is the optimal threshold to define macrosomia. A birthweight greater than the 97th percentile for a given gestational age, irrespective of race is also reasonable to define macrosomia."
- Duration of gestation - growth past the due date.
- Maternal diabetes - presence of gestational diabetes; and class A, B, and C diabetes mellitus.
- Genetic Syndromes and Tumours - a range of overgrowth syndromes associated with developmental delay, tumors, and other anomalies with genetic causes and syndromes (Pallister-Killian, Beckwith-Wiedemann, Sotos, Perlman, and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel) rarely diagnosed prenatally.
Currently there is clinical research looking into the best mathematical formula, based upon ultrasound measurements, to estimate the possibility of macrosomia occurring.
Some Recent Findings
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More recent papers |
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This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Macrosomia <pubmed limit=5>Macrosomia</pubmed> |
Birth Weight Classification
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Birth weight (grams) | less 500 | 500 – 999 | 1,000 – 1,499 | 1,500 – 1,999 | 2,000 – 2,499 | 2,500 – 2,999 | 3,000 – 3,499 | 3,500 – 3,999 | 4,000 – 4,499 | 4,500 – 4,999 | 5,000 or more |
Classification |
Korea
Birth statistics of high birth weight infants (macrosomia) in Korea.[5]
We used 2 data sources, namely, the hospital units (1960's to 1990's) and Statistics Korea (1993 to 2010). The analyses include the incidence of high birth weight infants (HBWIs), birth weight distribution, sex ratio, and the relationship of HBWI to maternal age. The incidence of HBWIs for the past 50 years has been dropping in Korea. The older the mother, the higher was the risk of a HBWI and LBWI. We hope that these findings would be utilized as basic data that will aid those managing HBWIs.
References
Reviews
<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed>22459652</pubmed>
Articles
<pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed></pubmed> <pubmed>18598122</pubmed>
Search Pubmed
Search Pubmed: Macrosomia | high birth weight
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- American Academy of Family Physicians Management of Suspected Fetal Macrosomia (2001)
- MedlinePlus Topic
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 20) Embryology Birth - Macrosomia. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Birth_-_Macrosomia
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G