ANAT2341 Lab 9: Difference between revisions
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Academic Misconduct carries penalties. If a student is found guilty of academic misconduct, the penalties include warnings, remedial educative action, being failed in an assignment or excluded from the University for two years. | Academic Misconduct carries penalties. If a student is found guilty of academic misconduct, the penalties include warnings, remedial educative action, being failed in an assignment or excluded from the University for two years. | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 08:40, 7 October 2015
Muscle Development
Introduction
This laboratory concerns the development and differentiation of skeletal muscle, muscle stem cells, hypertrophy, fibre type differentiation and plasticity.
I will also be covering the Monday lecture material on Musculoskeletal Development.
Objectives
- Understand the origin, differentiation and development of skeletal muscle tissue.
- Know what is meant by patterning, conversion and adult plasticity of muscle fibre type.
- Develop an understanding of research methods for studying skeletal muscle development and function.
Terms
anterior tibialis - (tibialis anterior) skeletal muscle situated on the lateral side of the tibia and is a direct flexor of the foot at the ankle-joint.
cis-acting elements - DNA sequences that through transcription factors or other trans-acting elements or factors, regulate the expression of genes on the same chromosome.
enhancer - A cis-regulatory sequence that can regulate levels of transcription from an adjacent promoter. Many tissue-specific enhancers can determine spatial patterns of gene expression in higher eukaryotes. Enhancers can act on promoters over many tens of kilobases of DNA and can be 5' or 3' to the promoter they regulate.
extensor digitorum longus - (EDL) skeletal muscle situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg and extend the phalanges of the toes, and, continuing their action, flex the foot upon the leg.
Gtf2ird1 - General Transcription Factor 2 -I Repeat domain-containing protein 1. OMIM: Gtf2ird1
MusTRD1 - muscle TFII-I repeat domain-containing protein 1.
MyHC - acronym for myosin heavy chain.
myoblast - the undifferentiated mononucleated muscle cell progenitor, which in skeletal muscle fuses to form a myotube, that in turn expresses contractile proteins to form a muscle fibre.
myosin heavy chain - protein forming the thick filament of the sarcomere and the motor for actin-myosin contraction. There are 17 different myosin classes.
myotube - the initial multinucleated cell formed by fusion of myoblasts during skeletal muscle development.
promoter - A regulatory region a short distance upstream from the 5' end of a transcription start site that acts as the binding site for RNA polymerase II. A region of DNA to which RNA polymerase IIbinds in order to initiate transcription.
regulatory sequence - (regulatory region, regulatory area) is a segment of DNA where regulatory proteins such as transcription factors bind preferentially.
soleus - skeletal muscle situated immediately in front of the gastrocnemius and when standing taking its fixed point from below, steadies the leg upon the foot and prevents the body from falling forward.
Troponin - striated muscle contraction is regulated by the calcium-ion-sensitive, multiprotein complex troponin and the fibrous protein tropomyosin. Troponin has 3 subunits (TnC, TnI, TnT) and is located on the actin filament. OMIM: Troponin I slow
visuospatial deficiency - performing the Delis hierarchical processing task, subjects are asked to copy a large global figure made of smaller local forms. Both Down syndrome (DS) and William-Beuren syndrome (WBS) groups fail but in different ways. WBS individuals produce the local elements and DS individuals produce only the global forms. PMID: 12952863 Hum Mol Genet.
William-Beuren syndrome - (WBS) rare developmental disorder (1/20,000–1/50,000 live births). A contiguous gene deletion syndrome resulting from the hemizygous deletion of several genes on chromosome 7q11.23. The syndrome has associated craniofacial abnormalities, hypersociability and visuospatial defects. OMIM: William-Beuren syndrome
Search
- Bookshelf muscle development | muscle fiber type | troponin
- Pubmed muscle fiber type | troponin | Gtf2ird1 |
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- Blue Histology Skeletal Muscle histology
- Primer Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type: Influence on Contractile and Metabolic Properties
- Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body - The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Leg | Cross-section through middle of leg
- Wiki Skeletal muscle | Troponin
- OMIM: Gtf2ird1
- OMIM: William-Beuren syndrome
Individual Assessment
- Each student should now look at each of the other Group projects in the class.
- Next prepare a critical assessment (should include both positive and negative issues) of each project using the project group assessment criteria.
- This assessment should be pasted without signature on the top of the specific project's discussion page. (minimum length 3-5 paragraphs/project)
- This critical assessment should also be pasted on your own student page.
- Each student should therefore have 5 separate reports pasted on their own page for this assessment item.
- Length, quality and accuracy of your reports will be part of the overall mark for this assessment.
- there will be a greater loading on this than simple question assessments.
Group Project
- Peer Assessment of projects.
- Please wait until all peer assessments have been submitted before making any changes to your project content.
- Note that following the peer assessment process, your group can then make changes based upon peer feedback.
Plagiarism
Currently all students originally assigned to each group are listed as equal authors/contributors to their project. If you have not contributed the content you had originally agreed to, nor participated in the group work process, then you should contact the course coordinator immediately and either discuss your contribution or request removal from the group author list. Remember that all student online contributions are recorded by date, time and the actual contributed content. A similar email reminder will be sent to all current students.
Please note the Universities Policy regarding Plagiarism
In particular this example:
- "Claiming credit for a proportion of work contributed to a group assessment item that is greater than that actually contributed;"
Academic Misconduct carries penalties. If a student is found guilty of academic misconduct, the penalties include warnings, remedial educative action, being failed in an assignment or excluded from the University for two years.
References
- 2015 Course: Week 2 Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Lab 1 | Week 3 Lecture 3 Lecture 4 Lab 2 | Week 4 Lecture 5 Lecture 6 Lab 3 | Week 5 Lecture 7 Lecture 8 Lab 4 | Week 6 Lecture 9 Lecture 10 Lab 5 | Week 7 Lecture 11 Lecture 12 Lab 6 | Week 8 Lecture 13 Lecture 14 Lab 7 | Week 9 Lecture 15 Lecture 16 Lab 8 | Week 10 Lecture 17 Lecture 18 Lab 9 | Week 11 Lecture 19 Lecture 20 Lab 10 | Week 12 Lecture 21 Lecture 22 Lab 11 | Week 13 Lecture 23 Lecture 24 Lab 12 | 2015 Projects: Three Person Embryos | Ovarian Hyper-stimulation Syndrome | Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome | Male Infertility | Oncofertility | Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis | Students | Student Designed Quiz Questions | Moodle page