Endocrine - Pancreas Development: Difference between revisions
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* Endocrine function - from 10 to 15 weeks onward hormone release | * Endocrine function - from 10 to 15 weeks onward hormone release | ||
** exact roles of hormones in regulating fetal growth? | ** exact roles of hormones in regulating fetal growth? | ||
== Some Recent Findings == | |||
* Relative roles of the different Pax6 domains for pancreatic alpha cell development. Dames P, Puff R, Weise M, Parhofer KG, Goke B, Gotz M, Graw J, Favor J, Lechner A. BMC Dev Biol. 2010 Apr 9;10(1):39. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20377917 PMID: 20377917] | |||
:"The transcription factor Pax6 functions in the specification and maintenance of the differentiated cell lineages in the endocrine pancreas. It has two DNA binding domains, the paired domain and the homeodomain, in addition to a C-terminal transactivation domain. The phenotype of Pax6-/- knockout mice suggests non-redundant functions of the transcription factor in the development of glucagon-expressing alpha-cells as this cell type is absent in the mutants." | |||
===Pancreas Development=== | ===Pancreas Development=== |
Revision as of 17:21, 25 April 2010
Introduction
| Lecture- Gastrointestinal Tract Development | original page
- Functions - exocrine (amylase, alpha-fetoprotein), 99% by volume; endocrine (pancreatic islets) 1% by volume
- Exocrine function - begins after birth
- Endocrine function - from 10 to 15 weeks onward hormone release
- exact roles of hormones in regulating fetal growth?
Some Recent Findings
- Relative roles of the different Pax6 domains for pancreatic alpha cell development. Dames P, Puff R, Weise M, Parhofer KG, Goke B, Gotz M, Graw J, Favor J, Lechner A. BMC Dev Biol. 2010 Apr 9;10(1):39. PMID: 20377917
- "The transcription factor Pax6 functions in the specification and maintenance of the differentiated cell lineages in the endocrine pancreas. It has two DNA binding domains, the paired domain and the homeodomain, in addition to a C-terminal transactivation domain. The phenotype of Pax6-/- knockout mice suggests non-redundant functions of the transcription factor in the development of glucagon-expressing alpha-cells as this cell type is absent in the mutants."
Pancreas Development
- Pancreatic buds - duodenal level endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm forms dorsal and ventral mesentery, dorsal bud (larger, first), ventral bud (smaller, later)
- Pancreas Endoderm - pancreas may be opposite of liver
- Heart cells promote/notochord prevents liver formation
- Notochord may promote pancreas formation
- Heart may block pancreas formation
- Duodenum growth/rotation - brings ventral and dorsal buds together, fusion of buds
- Pancreatic duct - ventral bud duct and distal part of dorsal bud, exocrine function
- Islet cells - cords of endodermal cells form ducts, from which cells bud off to form islets
Pancreatic Islets
- Islets of Langerhans - 4 endocrine cell types
- Alpha - glucagon, mobilizes lipid
- Beta - insulin, increase glucose uptake
- Beta cells, stimulate fetal growth, continue to proliferate to postnatal, in infancy most abundant
- Delta - somatostatin, inhibits glucagon, insulin secretion
- F-cells - pancreatic polypeptide
Pancreas Timeline
- Week 7 to 20 - pancreatic hormones secretion increases, small amount maternal insulin
- Week 10 - glucagon (alpha) differentiate first, somatostatin (delta), insulin (beta) cells differentiate, insulin secretion begins
- Week 15 - glucagon detectable in fetal plasma
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 26) Embryology Endocrine - Pancreas Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Endocrine_-_Pancreas_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G