1987 Developmental Stages In Human Embryos - Appendix 1: Difference between revisions
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O'Rahilly R. and Müller F. Developmental Stages in Human Embryos. Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 637 (1987).
Online Editor Note |
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O'Rahilly R. and Müller F. Developmental Stages in Human Embryos. Contrib. Embryol., Carnegie Inst. Wash. 637 (1987).
The original 1987 publication text, figures and tables have been altered in formatting, addition of internal online links, and links to PubMed. Original Document - Copyright © 1987 Carnegie Institution of Washington.
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- 1987 Stages: Introduction | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | References | Appendix 1 | Appendix 2 | Historic Papers | Embryonic Development
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Pages where the terms "Historic" (textbooks, papers, people, recommendations) appear on this site, and sections within pages where this disclaimer appears, indicate that the content and scientific understanding are specific to the time of publication. This means that while some scientific descriptions are still accurate, the terminology and interpretation of the developmental mechanisms reflect the understanding at the time of original publication and those of the preceding periods, these terms, interpretations and recommendations may not reflect our current scientific understanding. (More? Embryology History | Historic Embryology Papers) |
Appendix 1 - Embryos In The Carnegie Collection
The Carnegie specimens of stages 2-23 are listed in the following tables.
In columns "Size" (stage 9 and later), E. is the greatest length of the embryo and Ch. is the mean diameter of the chorion. In stages 16-18, an asterisk indicates a corrected or an estimated length. The grade refers to the total grade of the specimen and includes both its original quality and the condition of the mounted sections. The embedding medium was either paraffin (P) or a combination of celloidin and paraffin (C-P).
In stages 9-12 the number of paired somites is provided. In stage 18 the number of semicircular ducts (1-3) is given for each embryo, and also the length of the paramesonephric duct. Both of these serve as indices of relative level of development. In stages 19- 23 Streeter's point score, from which the position of a given Carnegie embryo within a stage can be determined, is included (see Introduction To Stages 19-23).
The donors of most of these valuable specimens were named by Streeter (1942-1951) and O'Rahilly (1973). All those of stages 2, 3, 5a, and 5b, most of those of stage 5c, and many of those of stages 6 and 7 were presented by Drs. Hertig and Rock, whose contribution has been of enormous value to early human embryology.
The specimens in the excellent embryological collection of Professor E. Blechschmidt were assigned Carnegie Nos. 10315-10434 in 1972 because Professor Blechschmidt's wish was and is to have his collection combined with the Carnegie Collection. The Blechschmidt Collection is at present housed temporarily in the Department of Anatomy of Louisiana State University, New Orleans, and is under the care of Dr. Raymond F. Gasser. The collection has served as the basis of two important atlases (Blechschmidt, 1963, 1973), and the appropriate three-dimensional reconstructions are housed in the Anatomisches Institut der Universitat Gottingen. The staging of these embryos has not been completed and hence they are not in- cluded in the following lists.
Stage 2
Serial No. | Normality | No. of Blastomeres | Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8190 | abnormal | 9 | 160x104 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | Iron h., or G | 1943 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8260 | in vitro | 2 | 50x75 | Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1944 | Menkin and Rock (1948) |
8450 | abnormal | 8 | 100x96 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1947 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8452 | abnormal | 12 | 110x93 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8500.1 | in vitro | 3 | 50x86 | Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin). | 1947 | Menkin and Rock (1948) |
8630 | abnormal | 5 | 104x94 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1948 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8698 | normal | 2 | 122x88 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1949 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8904 | normal | 12 | 115 | Bouin | Specimen lost | 1951 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
1987 - Stage 2 | Carnegie stage 2
Stage 3
Serial No. | Normality | No. of Blastomeres | Size of Fixed Specimen (µm) | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8663 | normal | 107 | 103x80 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1949 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
8794 | normal | 58 | 108x86 | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1950 | Hertig et al. (1954) |
1987 - Stage 3 | Carnegie stage 3
Stage 5
Stage 5a
Serial No. | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
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Stage 5b
Serial No. | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
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1987 - Stage 5 | Carnegie stage 5
Stage 5c
Serial No. | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4900 | Poor | p | P | 10 | p | 1925 | Incomplete. Streeter (1926) |
7699 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | Hertigand Rock (1941) |
7700 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1938 | Hertigand Rock (1941) |
7770 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 6 & 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | Abnormal |
7771 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | Abnormal |
7950 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1941 | Hertig and Rock (1944) |
8000 | Poor | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | Abnormal |
8139 | Exc. | ? | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1943 | Incomplete. Marchetti (1945) |
8299 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | Abnormal |
8329 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | Abnormal |
8330 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | |
8370 | Poor | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | Abnormal |
8558 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1947 |
1987 - Stage 5 | Carnegie stage 5
Stage 6
Serial No. Grade Embedding Medium ? P P P P C-P STAGE 6 Thinness 6026 Poor 6734 Poor 6900 Poor 7634 Poor 7762 Good 7800 Exc. 7801 Exc. 7850 Exc. 8290 Exc. 8360 Exc. 8362 Poor p 6? 10 15 10 8 8 8 6 8 6 6 6 8 6 8 H.&E. H.&E. H.&E. H.&E. ? H.&E. H.&E. H.&E. H. phlox. H.&E., phlox. H.&E., phlox H.&E. H.&E. H.&E., phlox. H.&E., phlox. Azan 8672 Exc. 8819 Exc. 8905 Poor 8910 Good Formol 9222 Good Bouin 9250 Exc. Bouin 9595 Poor p 10003 Good Bouin 6& 10 8 H.&E. 1954 8 H.&E. 1958 5 V arious 1963 Fixative ? Zenker-acetic Formol Formol Zenker-formol Stain Y ear Notes 1929 Lockyer embryo. Abnormal. Ramsey (1937) 1934 Yale embryo. Ramsey (1938) 1940 Linzenmeier (1914) 1940 Torpin embryo. Krafka (1941) 1940 Wilson (1945) 1940 Abnormal 1940 Heuser et al. (1945) 1940 Abnormal 1944 1944 1944 1949 1951 Edwards-Jones-Brewer (H.I496). Brewer (1938) 1951 Abnormal 1951 1954 Abnormal. Possibly stage 7 Bouin C-P Ale. & Bouin C-P Bouin C-P Ale. & Bouin C-P C-P C-P C-P p C-P C-P p p p Ale. & Bouin Formol-chrom. subl. Ale. etc.
1987 - Stage 6 | Carnegie stage 6
Stage 7
Serial No. | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7802 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | Heuser et al. (1945) |
8206 | Good | p | C-P | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1943 | |
8361 | Good | Bouin | C-P | 10 | p | 1946 | Abnormal |
8602 | Exc. | Alc. | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1948 | |
8752 | Exc. | ? | C-P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1950 | |
8756 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1950 | |
9217 | Exc. | p | P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1954 |
1987 - Stage 7 | Carnegie stage 7
Stage 8
Serial No. | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1399 | Poor | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. | 1916 | "Mateer embryo" described by Streeter (1920a) |
3412 | Poor | Formol | P | Trans. | 5-15 | Al. coch. E. au., or. | 1921 | |
5960 | Good | Kaiserling | P | Trans. | 5 | Al. coch. & eosin | 1929 | Heuser (1932b) |
6630 | Poor | Formol | P | Oblique | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1932 | |
6815 | Poor | Formol | P | Oblique | 10 | Al. coch., or. G | 1933 | |
7170a and b 7545 | Poor | Alc. | C-P | Trans. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1935 | Twins |
7568 | Poor | Formoi | C-P | Trans. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1938 | |
7640 | Good | Formol & Bouin | P | Trans. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | George (1942) |
7666 | Exc. | Formol-chrom. subl. | C-P | Trans. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | "H. 1515" |
7701 | Exc. | ? | C-P | Trans. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | |
7822 | Good | Formoi | C-P | Trans. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | |
7949 | Good | Zenker | p | Sag. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) etc. | 1941 | |
7972 | Good | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | Sag. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | |
8255 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | Sag. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1944 | Slides showing embryo returned to Dr. Patten in 1962 |
8320 | Good | Formol | C-P | Sag. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1945 | |
8352 | Good | Formol | C-P | Trans. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | |
8371 | Poor | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | Sag. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1946 | |
8671 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | Sag. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1949 | |
8725 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | Sag. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1949 | |
8727 | Exc. | Alc. & Bouin | C-P | Trans. | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin), phlox. | 1949 | Germ disc folded, possibly double (Hertig, 1968, fig. 180) |
8820 | Good | Zenker-formol | ? | Trans. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1951 | "Jones-Brewer I" (H. 1459) described byJones and Brewer (1941) |
9009a and b 9123 | Good | Formol | C-P | Sag. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1952 | Twins described briefly by Heuser (1954) |
9123 | Good | Formol | C-P | Sag. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1953 | |
9251 | Good | ? | C-P | Sag. | 10-12 | Azan, H. & phlox. | 1954 | |
9286 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | Trans. | 8 | Azan | 1955 | |
10157 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | Trans. | ? | Cason | 1967 | |
10174 | Exc. | Bouin | p | Trans. | 8 | Cason | 1967 |
1987 - Stage 8 | Carnegie stage 8
Stage 9
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1878 | 2-3 | E., 1.38 Ch., 12X10.5X7.5 |
Good | Formol | P | Cor. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1917 | Described by Ingalls (1920) |
5080 | 1 | E., 1.5 Ch., 14.5 |
Poor | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1926 | Studied by Davis (1927) |
7650 | 2-3 | E., 2-3 | Good | Alc & Bouirl | C-P | Trans. | 6 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1939 | Said to be female (Park, 1957) |
1987 - Stage 9 | Carnegie stage 9
Stage 10
All sections at stage 10 are transverse
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
391 | 8 | E, 2 Ch., 14 | Good | Formol | P | 10 | Al. coch. | 1907 | Monograph by Dandy (1910) |
1201 | 7 | E,2 Ch.. 144 | Good | Formol | P | 8 | H. & or. G. | 1915 | Univ. Chicago No. H 87 |
2795 | 4-5 | E,2 | Poor | Alc. | P | 6 | Alcoch,or.G. | 1919 | |
3??0?? | 12 | E, 1 5 | Good | Formol | P | 12.5 | I. H. | 1921 | Univ. Calif. No. H 19"7 |
3??09 | 4 | E. 1.4 Ch.. 14.8 | Poor | Formol | P | 10 | Erythrosin | 1921 | Univ. Chicago No H 279 |
3710 | 12 | E., 3.6 Ch., 19.0 | Good | Formol | C-P | 10 | H. & or. G. | 1921 | Univ. Chicago No. H 392 |
4216 | 8 | E, 2 Ch, 9.8 | Good | Formol | P | 15 | ? | 1923 | Monograph by Payne (1925) |
5074 | 10 | E., 3.3 Ch., 10.8 | Exc. | Bouin | P | 10 | Al. coch. | 1925 | Univ. Rochester No. H 10. Monograph by Corner (1929) |
6330 | 7 | E, 2.83 | Good | P | 5 | Ehr. H. | 1931 | Univ. Chicago No. H 1404 | |
6740 | 12 | E., 2.2 | Good | p | C-P | 8 | ? | 1933 | Litzenberg embryo. Studied by Boyden (1940) |
7251 | 8 | E., 1.27 | Good | Formol | C-P | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1941 | "Singapore embryo." Univ. Cambridge No. H 98. Studied by Wilson (1914) |
8244 | 6 | E., 1.55 Ch, 8,5 | Good | Alc. | C-P | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) phlox. | 1944 | |
8970 | 12 | Ch, ca. 8 | Good | Zenker | P | 5 | Various, chiefly carmine | 1952 | Univ. Chicago. No. H 637. Dicephaly |
1987 - Stage 9 | Carnegie stage 10
Stage 11
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 | 14 | E, 2.1 Ch, 13 | Poor | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. carm. | 1893 | ||
164 | 18 | E, 3.5 Ch, 14 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 20 | Al. carm. | 1913 | |
318 | 13/14 | E, 2.5 Ch, 16 | Good | P | Trans. | 25 | Al. carm. | 1905 | ||
470 | 17 | E, 4.3 Ch, 16 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. carm. | 1910 | |
779 | 14 | E, 2.75 | Good | C | Trans. | 15 | Al. coch. | 1913 | Complete dysraphia. Studied by Dekaban and Bartelmez (1964) | |
1182b | E, 3 Ch, 15x12x5 | Good | Formol | ? | Trans. | 20 | Al. carm. | 1915 | ||
2053 | 20 | E, 3.1 Ch, 12 | Exc. | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1918 | Most advanced in group. Monograph by Davis (1923). Ag added to slide 2 |
4315 | 17 | E, 4.7 Ch, 23x10.4X11 | Exc. | ? | C-P | Trans. | 10 | I.H. & E. | 1923 | Univ. Chicago No. 951. Studied by Wen (1928) |
4529 | 14 | E, 2.4 Ch, 21 | Exc. | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. coch, or. G. | 1924 | Monograph by Heuser (1930) |
4783 | 13 | E, 2.3 | Fair | ? | ? | Trans. | 5 | I.H. | 1924 | Monograph by Wallin (1913) |
4877 | 13 | E, 2 Ch, 15 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 15 | Al. coch. | 1925 | |
5072 | 17 | E, 3 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1925 | Tubal. Type specimen. Monograph by Atwell (1930) |
6050 | 19/21 | E.,3 Ch, 10 | Good | Formol | C-P | Cor. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1930 | Advanced |
6344 | 13 | E, 2.5 Ch, 17 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | Trans | 6 | Al. coch. | 1931 | Least advanced in group |
6784 | 17 | E, 5 Ch, 16 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | Trans | 6 | I.H, or. G. | 1933 | |
7358 | 16 | E, ? Ch, 15 | Poor | Alc, formol | p | Oblique | 25 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1936 | |
7611 | 16 | E., 2.4 Ch., 12 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | Trans | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1938 | |
7665 | 19 | E., 4.36 | Exc. | ? | C-P | Trans | 6 | 1939 | Univ. Chicago No. H 1516 | |
7702 | 17 | E, 3.7 Ch., 14 | Good | Formol | C-P | Trans | 10 | Al. coch. | 1940 Returned to B M Patten | |
7851 | 13 | E., 4.3 Ch, 18 | Exc. | Formol | C-P | Trans | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1940 | Slightly injured |
8005 | 16/17 | E, 3 | Exc. | Bouin | C-P | Trans | 8 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1942 | Tubal. |
8116 | 17 | E, 14 Ch.. 17 | Good | Formol | p | Sag. | 8 | Azan | 1953 | |
8962 | 15 | E, 1.55 | Good | ? | * | Sag. | ? | ? | 1952 | Tubal. I'ntv Chicago No H 810 |
1987 - Stage 11 | Carnegie stage 11
Stage 12
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
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Thin- Serial Paired Size Embedding ness No. somites (mm) Grade Fixative medium Plane (|im) Stain Year Notes 209 ca.24 E.,3 Ch.,15 Poor Ale. Poor p Poor Formol Good Corros. acetic Good Formol Poor Formol Good Ale, formol Poor Formol P Cor. 50 ? Sag. 20 P Trans. 10 P Trans. 10 P Trans. 20 P Trans. 10 P Trans. 10 P Trans. 40 P Cor. 10 P Trans. 15 P Trans. 10 C-P Trans. 10 Al. coch. 1902 Al. coch. p 250 19? 384 P 486 21 E, 2 Ch., 10x9x9 E., 2.5 Ch.,13 E.,4 Ch., 22 E.,4.5 Ch., 20 E., 5.3 Ch., 19.5 H.&E. Al. coch. Al. coch. Al. coch, or. G. Al. coch. Al. coch. 1907 Macerated. Narrow yolk stalk 1911 1062 29 2197 •> 4245-7 ca.24 E.,3.5 1915 1918 1923 1923 Ch., 24 4479 E., 5.8 C h , 17 4736 26 E.,3.0 Good Formol Al. coch. 1924 4759 4784 5035 Ch.,20 7 E.,4.5 Ch., 15 23 E.,3 25-28 E.,3.8 Ch., 18 Good Formol Good p Good Formol H.&E. 5048 ca.25 E.,3.5 Good Formol C-P Trans. 10 Al. coch. 1925 Tubal. Injured Tubal Autopsy. Partly macerated Tubal. Ag added to slides 1-3 Tubal. Caudal neuropore closed Caudal end broken Typical for stage 12 Caudal defect 5056 5206 5300 5923 6097 6144 6488 6937 7724 7852 7999 8505a 25 E.,3 Good Formol Ch.,12 Trans. 10 Trans. 20 Trans. 20 C-P Trans. 10 Trans. 10 Trans. 10 Cor. 10 Sag. 8 Trans. 10 C-P Trans. 10 Al. Coch. Al. coch. Al. coch. Al. coch. Al. coch, eosin Al. coch. Al. coch. I. H., or. G. H.&E. H.&E. H.&E. H. Phlox. Azan 1925 1926 1926 1929 1930 1930 1932 1934 1940 1940 1942 b 23 8941 28 8942 25 8943 22 8944 25 8963 22 8964 23 9154 24 Exc Formol C-P Exc Zenker C-P Trans. 6 Cor. 5 Trans. 8 I.H. 1927 I.H. 1930 H.&E. 1934 I.H. 1936 I.H. 1928 I.H. 1928 I.H. & phlox Univ. Chicago No. H 1261 Univ. Chicago No. H 1382 Univ. Chicago No. H 1481 Univ. Chicago No. H 1514 Univ. Chicago. No. H 1093 Studied by Wen (1928) Univ. Chicago No. H 984. Studied by Wen (1928) p p 28 25 27 28 26 ca. 29 25 ca.28 24 E.,4 Poor p Ch., 51x31x30 7 P Exc. Formol P Trans. 10 Poor Formol E., 4.5 Ch,16.5 E.,4 Ch.,15 E,3.4 Ch., 12.5 E. 3.3 Ch., 11 E, 3.2 Ch,22 E.,3 C h , 12 E, 3.5 Ch.,18 E , 3.7 Ch,26 E, 3.2 C h , 15 Ch, 23.5 Ch,24 E, 4.9 Ch, 35 E, 38 Ch, 35 E. 3.9 Ch,, 20,4 E,4 Exc. Formal- C-P Sag. 8 Ch,,25 Zenker E, 3.8 Fair Formol C-P Trans. 10 Ch , 14 5 E,2.8 Pix>r Formol p Trans 8 Ch . 26 " E, 5 4 Exc Formal C-P Trans 8&6 Exc. Formol Good Lysol-Zenker C-P Good Formol C-P Poor Formol C-P Good Formol C-P Exc. Formol C-P Exc. Bouin Exc Formol C-P Trans. p Sag. p \ 1 CiA~J ( 1947 Twins Exc Zenker C-P Exc, Formol- C-P Zenker P Transitional to next stage Caudal neuropore widely open Macerated. Upper limb buds not visible No upper limb buds. Caudal neuropore closed 1924 Neural tube folded Al. coch. 1925 p 1924 1953
1987 - Stage 12 | Carnegie stage 12
Stage 13
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|
Serial Size Embedding No. (mm) Grade Fixative medium Plane Thin- ness (|xm) Stain Year Notes Obtained by Mall while student Abnormal. Nasal discs fused 1 E.,4.5 Ch., 30X30 19 E., 5.5 Ch., 18X14 87 E., 4 Ch., 24X16x9 76 E., 4.5 Ch.,22X20 112 E., 4 116 E., 5 148 E.,4.3 Ch., 17x14x10 186 E.,3.5 Ch., 25X20X15 239 E., 3.0 248 E., 4.5 Ch., 30x23x15 407 E.,4 Ch., 14x13X7 463 E., 3.9 Ch., 17x12x7 523 E., 5 Ch., 25X25X15 588 E., 4.0 Ch., 19x15x8 786 E., 4.5 Ch., 19X10X10 800 E., 6.0 808 E.,4.0 826 E., 5.0 Ch., 13X13X9 836 E.,4.0 Ch., 22X18X11 963 E.,4.0 Ch., 23X18X16 1075 E.,6.0 Ch., 46x32x20 3956 E., 4.0 4046 E.,5 Ch., 22X20X20 5541 E., 6.0 Ch., 35x30x20 5682 E., 5.3 Ch., 29x25x13 5874 E., 4.8 6032 E., 5.8 Ch., 30x24x13 6469 E., 5.0 Ch., 25x18X18 6473 E., 5.0 Ch, 30X30X15 7433 E., 5.2 Ch., 15 x 1 3 x 1 3 "618 E,48 Ch, 18x15x15 "669 E,5.0 Ch., 23xl6x 14 "'889 E, 4.2 8066 E,53 C h , 20 x 18 x IS Poor Salicylic acid Poor p Poor p Poor Ale. P Trans. ? Trans. 10 20 20 20 10 p 10 20 10 50 40 10 p 15 15 10 15 20 15 20 20 20 50 10 20 10 ? p 6 8 10 6 6 8 Hemat. 1887 Al. coch. 1895 Al. coch. 1896 Al. coch. 1897 Al. coch. p Al. coch. 1898 H.&E. 1899 Al. coch. 1901 H.&E. 1903 Al. coch. 1904 Al. coch. 1907 Al. coch. 1910 Al. coch. 1911 H.&E. 1912 Al. coch. 1913 H. 1913 Al. coch. 1914 Al. coch. 1914 Al. coch. 1914 Al. coch. 1914 H.&E., or. G. 1915 Al. coch. 1922 Al. coch. 1922 Al. coch., eosin 1927 Al. coch. 1928 H.&E. 1929 p 1929 p 1932 Al. coch. 1932 H.&E. 1937 H.&E. 1939 H.&E. 1939 H.&E 1941 H.&E 1942 Poor p Poor p Poor AJc. Poor Ale. Poor Formol Poor p Poor Formol Good Formol Fair Formol Good Corros. Poor Ale. Good Corros. Poor Corros. Good Formol Exc. Corros. Good Formol Exc. Corros. Poor Formol Poor Formol Good Formol Poor Formol Exc. Bouin Poor Formol Poor Formol Exc. Formol Exc Formol Exc. Bouin Good Formol Exc. Bouin Exc. Bouin acetic acetic acetic acetic acetic p P p ? P P P ? ? P p P P P P P P P P Trans. Trans. Sag. Sag. Cor. Trans. Trans. Cor. Trans. Cor. Trans. Cor. Sag. Trans. Trans. Trans. Trans. Cor. Cor. Trans. Trans. Trans. Cor. Trans. p p Cor. Cor. Cor. Cor. Cor. Trans. Advanced Curettage. Anencephaly Tubal. Incomplete Shrunken Less advanced Most advanced in group Tubal. Incomplete Hysterotomy. Bromides only Not good enough to cut Fragmented on cutting. Not saved Less advanced. Ag added Tubal Hystereaomy. Advanced. Ag added Hysterectomy. Least advanced in group, Ag added Hysterectomy Hysterectomy. Ag added to slide 2 P P P P P OP C-P C-P C-P C-P C-P p p Serial Size No. (mm) 8119 E., 5.3 Ch., 32x28x6.5 8147 E., 5.2 Ch., 27X21X19 8239 E., 4.3 8372 E., 5.6 8581 E., 4.8 8967 E., 5.7 9296 E,4.5 9297 E., 4.5 9697 E., 5.5 Grade Fixative Exc. Bouin Poor Formol Exc. Bouin Exc. AJc. & Bouin Good Kaiserling Exc. Acetic Zenker Embedding medium C-P ? C-P P C-P C-P C-P Thin- ness Plane (|xm) Trans. 8 ?p Sag. 8 Trans. 10 Sag. 8 Trans. 6 Cor. 8 Stain Year H.&E. 1943 p 1943 H. phlox. 1944 Azan 1946 Azan 1948 H.&E. 1931 Azan 1955 Notes Hysterectomy Tubal. Not cut Most-advanced third Head injured. Univ. Chicago No. H1426 Not cut Exc. •> Exc. •> STAGE 13 (continued) Sag. 8 Bouin 1956 C-P Azan 1955
Stage 14
Serial No. | Pairs of somites | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|
Serial No. 4 18 80 187 208 245 372 380 387 442 552 560 676 873 988 1380 1620 11% 2841 3360 Size (mm) E.,7 E.,7 Ch., 18X18 E., 5.0 Ch., 24x18x8 E.,7 Ch., 35x30x25 E.,7 Ch., 22X11X11 E.,6 Ch., 13X12X10 E.,7 E,6 Ch., 20x20x14 E.,7 Ch., 45x40x50 E.,6 Ch.,25x20 E.,6 Ch, 40X28X28 E., 7.0 Ch, 24x24 E., 6.0 Ch, 35x20x17 E,6.0 Ch., 35x28x16 E,6.0 Ch., 38x30x23 E , 5."7 Ch, 36x24x24 E, 6.6 Ch, 35x30x8 E, 6.68 E , sy Ch. 35x21 E.6.0 Grade Poor p Poor p Good Ale. Poor ? Poor ? Fixative Embedding medium Plane Thin- ness (UJTI) 10 20 20 20 20 5 10 20 20 50 40 40 2 0 2 0 20 20 20 6 20 20 Stain Year Al. coch. 1892 Al. coch. 1895 Al. coch. 1897 Al. coch. 1902 Al. coch. 1902 H.&E. 1904 H.-Congo red 1902 H.&E. 1906 H.&E. 1907 Al. coch. 1908 Al. coch. 1911 Al. coch. 1912 H.&E. Notes Poor Formol, Zenker p P Trans. •> Sag. p Sag. ? Trans. Fairp p Poorp p Trans. Sag. Good Formol Poor Formol Poor p Poor Formol Good Carnoy Poor Formol P Trans. p Cor.? P Sag. P Cor. P Tr.-Cor. P Sag. P Trans. P Cor. P Sag. ? Trans. P Trans. C Trans Possible anencephaly Good Exc. Good Fair Good Good Formol-corros. acetic Formol Formol ? Ale. Formol Al. coch. 1914 Al. coch. 1916 Al. coch. 1916 Al. coch., or. G. 1919 H.&E,or.G 1920 H.&E,or.G 1920 In mvomatous uterus Trans. Trans. 1913 Possible spina bifida Al. coch. 1914
Serial Size No. (mm)
STAGE 14 (continued)
Thin- Embedding ness
Grade Fixative medium Plane (|im) Stain Year
Notes
3805 E., 5.9 Exc. 3960 E., 5.5 Good 4154 E,6.8 Poor
Ch., 33X31X20
4245-6 E., 7.0 Good 4629 E., 6.5 Good
Ch.,32x23
4672 E,8.2 Good
Ch., 40X34X25
4805 E., 7.3 Good
Ch., 15X8X9
5437 E., 7.0 Good
5654 E., 5.0 Good Ch., 30X23X17
5787 E., 6.8 Good Ch., 32x30x23
6428 E., 7.0 Good Ch., 30X28X25
6500 E, 4.9* Good
6502 E., 6.7* Exc.
6503 E., 6.3* Exc.
6739 E.,8 Poor 6830 E,5.5 Exc.
Ch., 47X23X15
6848 E., 7.8 Good 7324 E, 6.6 Good
Ch., 17x13x10
7333 E, 6.3 Good
7394 E, 7.2 Exc. Ch., 45X20X20
7400 E, 6.3 Good Ch., 35X25x20
7522 E., 7.7 Good Ch., 33x16x16
7598 E., 7.0 Poor Ch., 30x30x25
7667 E., 5 Fair Ch., 16x14x12
7829 E., 7.0 Exc. 7870 E,7.2 Exc.
Ch., 25X20X 13
8141 E,7.3 Exc.
15 H.&E.
20 Al. coch.
Ch.,33x28 8306 E.5.3
Ch., 27 8308 E, 5.85
Ch., 27X18X 18 8314 E,8
Ch.,23x22 S35"7 E., 6.5
8552 E,6.5 8999 E,6
Exc. Bouin C-P
Exc. Formol & Bouin C-P
Exc. Formol C-P
Good Formol C-P Exc. Ale. & Bouin C-P Exc. Ale. & Bouin C-P
Ch.,16x15
9695 E,8.5 ?
Not cut
Bouin P Formol C-P Ale. C-P
Formol P Formol C-P
Formol p
Formol C-P
Formol C-P Formol p
Formol p
Formol C-P
Souza? C-P Souza? C-P
Souza? C-P Formol C-P Formol C-P
Formol C-P Formol C-P
Formol C-P Formol C-P
Formol C-P
Formol C-P
Ale. C-P
Formol p
Bouin C-P Bouin C-P
Formol C-P
Trans. Cor. Trans.
Trans. Sag.
Trans. Trans.
Trans. Trans.
Sag.
Cor.
Sag. Trans.
Cor. Sag. Cor.
Cor. Trans.
Trans. Trans.
Cor.
Trans.
Trans.
Trans.
Trans. Trans.
Cor,
Trans.
Sag.
Trans.
Sag Trans. Sag.
1921 Evans embryo No. 168. Serial bromides only
1922 Blood vessels naturally injected 8 H.&E. 1923
15 Al. coch.
10 H.&E. 1924
20 Al. coch.
10 H.&E.
8 H.&E.
10 Al. coch., eosin
1924 Advanced 1924 Tubal
1927 Advanced 1928 Less advanced
10 Al. coch. 1928
6, Al. coch. 10
10 Al. coch. 5,
1931 Advanced
1931 E. Leitz, Berlin
1931 E. Leitz, Berlin. Ag added to slides 1-25
10 H.&E.
10 Al. coch.
20 H.&E. 1933
1931 E. Leitz, Berlin 8 H.&E. 1933
10 H.&E. 8 H.&E.
1934 Tubal
1936 Low implantation
8 H.&E. 1936 8 H.&E. 1937
10 H.&E. 1937
8 H.&E. 10 H.&E.
1938 Natural blood injection
1938 Macerated 8 H.&E., phlox. 1939
8 H.&E. 8 H.&E.
8 H.&E.
10&20 H.&E., phlox. 1945
8 Azan 1945 8 Azan 1945
8 Azan 1946 8 Azan 1947 8 Azan 1952
1955
1923 Univ. Pennsylvania No. 40. Ag added
1940 Advanced
1941 On borderline of next stage. Ag added
1943 Shrinkage cracks in brain
Stage 15
Serial No. | Size (mm) | Grade | Fixative | Embedding Medium | Plane | Thinness (µm) | Stain | Year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | E., 7.0 Ch., 25X25X25 | Good | Alc. | P | Trans. | 15 | Al. carm. | 1888 | Least-advanced third |
88 | E.,8 Ch., 30x28x15 | Poor | Alc. | P | Cor. | P | Al. coch. | 1897 | |
113 | E.,8 241 E,6.0 | Poor | P | p | Sag. | 10 | Borax carmine | ? | |
241 | E,6.0 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | H. & Congo red | 1904 | |
371 | E,6.6 | Good | Formol | P | Sag. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1913 | Shrunken and cracked |
389 | E., 9 | Poor | p | p | Sag. | 20 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1907 | Tubal |
721 | E., 9.0 Ch., 30x20x10 | Exc. | Zenker formol | P | Trans. | 15 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) | 1913 | Median in group |
810 | E., 7.0 Ch, 30x25x15 | Good | Alc. | P | Sag. | 20 | Al. coch | 1913 | |
855 | E.,7.5 | Poor | Formol | P | Trans. | 100 | Al. coch. | 1914 | Pathological between limbs |
1006 | E,9.0 Ch., 37x26x22 | Poor | Formol | P | Cor. | 20 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. | 1914 | Operative. Most-advanced third |
1091 | E,7.2 Ch., 28x26x20 | Poor | P | Cor. | 20 | Al. coch. | 1915 | Macerated | |
1354 | E,7.8 Ch, 35x30x25 | Good | Formol | P | Sag. | 20 | Al. coch. | 1916 | Least-advanced third |
1767 | E , 11.0 Ch, 41 X23X5 | Good | Formol | P | Sag. | 40 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. | 1917 | Most-advanced third |
2743 | E., 7.2 Ch., 19xl8x 14 | Poor | Formol | P | Trans. | 20 | Al. coch. | 1919 | Macerated. Least-advanced third |
3216 | E, 6.5 Ch, 30x30x5 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 20 | Al. coch. | 1920 | Hysterectomy. Least-advanced third |
3385 | E,83 Ch., 25x20x16 | Exc. | Corros. acetic | P | Trans. | 20 | (Stain - Haematoxylin Eosin) or. G. | 1921 | Some sections lost. Most-advanced third. Ag added |
3441 | E,8.0 Ch., 25x24x20 | Good | Formol | P | Sag. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1921 | |
3512 | E,8,5 Ch., 33x28x25 | Good | Formol | P | Trans. | 10 | Al. coch. | 1921 | |
3952 | E,6,7 Ch., 30x25x15 | Good | Formol | P | Cor. | 15 | Al. coch. | 1922 | Median in group |
4602 | E,9.3 Ch,, 33x30x26 | Good | Formol | P | Sag. | 15 | Al. coch. | 1924 | Medical abortion |
4782 | E,9.0 Ch., I4xl3x 11 | Poor | Formol | P | Cor. | 20 | Al. coch. | 1924 | |
5772 | E, 8 | Poor | ? | P | Cor. | 15 | Al. coch. eosin | 1928 | |
5?92 | E, 3 | Good | Corros. acetic | C-P | Cor. | 10 | Al. coch. phlox | 1929 | Transitional to next stage |
6223 | E ? | Poor | Alc. | C-P | Sag. | 8 | Or. G. | 1930 | Fragmented sections. Not saved |
65?? | |||||||||
6??? | |||||||||
6508 | |||||||||
6595 | |||||||||
???? |
1987 - Stage 15 | Carnegie stage 15
- 1987 Stages: Introduction | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | References | Appendix 1 | Appendix 2 | Historic Papers | Embryonic Development
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 23) Embryology 1987 Developmental Stages In Human Embryos - Appendix 1. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/1987_Developmental_Stages_In_Human_Embryos_-_Appendix_1
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