Talk:Human Embryo Collections: Difference between revisions
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A consortium is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. | |||
(Latin, ''consors'' = partner; from ''con'' = together and ''sors'' = fate, meaning owner of means or comrade) | |||
==University of Vienna== | |||
Institute of Histology and Embryology Collection (Dr V. Patzelt) cited by Sgalitzer (1941) in describing the development of the human thyroid. | |||
{{Ref-Sgalitzer1941}} | |||
* Embryo Bs - 26-27 pairs of somites [[Carnegie stage 12]] in [[Week 4]] (Somite pairs 21 - 29) | |||
* Embryo Fu - 28 pairs of somites [[Carnegie stage 12]] in [[Week 4]] (Somite pairs 21 - 29) | |||
* Embryo Bw - 11.5 mm CRL | |||
* Embryo Bp - 16 mm CRL | |||
* Embryo Ez - 31 mm CRL [[Carnegie stage 23]] | |||
==Domenech-Mateu Collection== | |||
Josep Maria Domenech Mateu (Valls, 1944) is full professor of human anatomy at the Department of Morphological Sciences at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Born in Valls in 1944, Domenech Mateu is renowned medical doctor and descendant of John and Giné Partagàs (a sister whose mother was the paternal grandmother, Dolores and Gine Gine). Doctor in 1972 with a thesis directed by Professor Orts Llorca. Member of the Institute of Catalan Studies and academic member of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Catalonia since 1996, when he entered with a speech on Morphogenesis His-Tawara system memory and anatomical fibrous skeleton of the heart. He has received numerous scientific awards, including the National Prize of Cardiology (1981). In 1986 he received the medal Narcís Monturiol and the 1991 international award Emanuel B. Kaplan. In his long career in research published over 150 scientific papers, especially in the field of embryology and anatomy. For his dedication has brought together a wide embrioteca human form Bellaterra Collection. | |||
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josep_Maria_Domènech_Mateu | |||
(catalan) | |||
Josep Maria Domènech Mateu (Valls, 1944) és catedràtic numerari d'anatomia humana del Departament de Ciències Morfològiques de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Nascut a Valls el 1944, Domènech Mateu és metge i descendent del prestigiós metge Joan Giné i Partagàs (una germana del qual era mare de l'àvia paterna, Dolors Giné i Giné). Doctor el 1972, amb una tesi dirigida pel professor Orts Llorca. Membre numerari de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans i acadèmic numerari de la Reial Acadèmia de Medicina de Catalunya des del 1996, quan hi ingressà amb un discurs sobre Morfogènesi del sistema His-Tawara i record anatòmic de l'esquelet fibrós del cor. Ha estat guardonat amb nombrosos premis científics, com el Premio Nacional de Cardiología (1981). L'any 1986 va rebre la medalla Narcís Monturiol i el 1991 el premi internacional Emanuel B. Kaplan. En la seva llarga carrera investigadora ha publicat més de 150 treballs científics, especialment en l'àmbit de l'embriologia i l'anatomia. Per la seva dedicació ha aconseguit reunir una extensa embrioteca humana que forma la Col·lecció Bellaterra. | |||
==Kyoto Collection== | ==Kyoto Collection== | ||
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http://mrlab.frsc.tsukuba.ac.jp/human_embryos/ | http://mrlab.frsc.tsukuba.ac.jp/human_embryos/ | ||
http://apps.devbio.pitt.edu/HumanAtlas. The username is ‘Human’ and password is ‘Embryo’. Detailed instructions for these atlases are available online after logging in. | |||
===Graphic and movie illustrations of human prenatal development and their application to embryological education based on the human embryo specimens in the Kyoto collection=== | ===Graphic and movie illustrations of human prenatal development and their application to embryological education based on the human embryo specimens in the Kyoto collection=== | ||
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Nishimura H, Takano K, Tanimura T, Yasuda M. | Nishimura H, Takano K, Tanimura T, Yasuda M. | ||
PMID 5759548 | PMID 5759548 | ||
==Boyd Collection== | |||
(Cambridge Collection) | |||
* Boyd collection Cambridge - Graham Burton | |||
** mainly placental | |||
* Hamilton archive - from Charing Cross, kept for some time at St George’s | |||
** Hamilton collection used to clarify cardiac development (incorporation of the pulmonary veins into the left atrium) | |||
http://www.pdn.cam.ac.uk/directory/graham-burton | |||
{| | |||
! Embryo | |||
! CR length (mm) | |||
! Carnegie Stage | |||
! Gestational Age | |||
! Plane of Section | |||
|- | |||
| Boyd 1 | |||
| 3.8 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 29 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Boyd 2 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 30 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Gerlis 1 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 30 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Boyd 3 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 32 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Boyd 4 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 33 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 8 | |||
| 8.5 | |||
| 16 | |||
| 36 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 10 | |||
| 10 | |||
| 14 /15 | |||
| 36 days | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 9 | |||
| 10 | |||
| 16 | |||
| 37 days | |||
| Coronal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 11 | |||
| 10 | |||
| 16 | |||
| 37 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 13 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 40 days | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 15 | |||
| 16 | |||
| 17 | |||
| 44 days | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Gerlis 2 | |||
| 16.5 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 45 days | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 17 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 20 | |||
| 50 days | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 21 | |||
| 20 | |||
| 20 /21 | |||
| 51 days | |||
| Coronal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 24 | |||
| 24 | |||
| 22 | |||
| 54 days | |||
| Coronal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 31 | |||
| 27 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 11 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 38 | |||
| 30 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 11 weeks | |||
| Coronal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 44 | |||
| 33 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 11 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 49 | |||
| 40 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 11 weeks | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 52 | |||
| 42 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 11 weeks | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 57 | |||
| 49 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 12 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 60 | |||
| 53 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 12 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 132 | |||
| 58 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 13 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 62 | |||
| 70 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 13 weeks | |||
| Sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| Hamilton 74 | |||
| 100 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 15 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|- | |||
| Boyd 5 | |||
| 112 | |||
| N/A | |||
| 15 weeks | |||
| Transverse | |||
|} | |||
==Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection== | |||
The Johns Hopkins Fetal Collection (1918–1951) was commenced by Adolph Hans Schultz (1891–1976) - fetal, stillbirths, newborns, and infants up to approximately one year of age. | |||
[https://www.cmnh.org/phys-anthro/collection-database Cleveland Museum of Natural History] | |||
Other USA skeletal collections - Huntington, Terry, Hamann-Todd, Cobb | |||
==Carnegie Collection== | ==Carnegie Collection== | ||
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* the staging of these embryos has not been completed. | * the staging of these embryos has not been completed. | ||
==Perry-Arey-Milligan== | |||
See document - Perry-Arey-MilliganCRLOct14.pdf | |||
{{Perry-Arey-Milligan collection table}} | |||
==Ziegler Models== | ==Ziegler Models== | ||
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* http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_collection.htm | * http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_collection.htm | ||
* J. P Hill Biography http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_biography.htm | * J. P Hill Biography http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_biography.htm | ||
==Radlanski Collection== | |||
* Radlanski-Collection, Berlin | |||
* Ralf J. Radlansk - Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin at Freie Universität Berlin, Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Dept. of Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: ralfj.radlanski@charite.de. | |||
* human embryos and foetuses | |||
* human mandibular alveolar bone during prenatal formation from 19 to 270mm CRL PMID 26921449 | |||
* Prenatal development of the muscles in the floor of the mouth in human embryos and fetuses from 6.9 to 76 mm CRL PMID 11766522 | |||
* parotid gland PMID 9010565 | |||
==Hinrichsen Collection== | |||
Principles of ontogenesis of leg and foot in man. | |||
Ann Anat. 1994 Apr;176(2):121-30. | |||
Hinrichsen KV1, Jacob HJ, Jacob M, Brand-Saberi B, Christ B, Grim M. | |||
Abstract | |||
Human leg and foot anlagen of different developmental stages were studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy. The findings were compared with principles of human arm and hand development and results obtained experimentally from chicken limbs. The limbs studied have in common the shaping, cell differentiation, and spatial arrangement of different cells as basic processes of development. On the other hand, upper and lower limbs are very different in human and avian embryos with regard to their position, form, and function. We found that the different positions in relation to the dorsal and ventral surfaces and maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) are important factors leading to the different orientations and forms of limbs. The unequal length of the fingers and toes might also be explained in this way. Differences in the position of the most distal muscles in the hand and foot could be a consequence of the cranio-caudal sequence of development. The factors controlling the developmental differences between arm and leg are discussed. | |||
PMID 8210047 | |||
Morphological aspects of the pharyngeal hypophysis in human embryos. | |||
Acta Morphol Neerl Scand. 1986;24(3):235-47. | |||
Hinrichsen K1, Mestres P, Jacob HJ. | |||
Abstract | |||
In human embryos the hypophyseal sac (Rathke's pouch) originates at the roof of the mouth until stage 15 as a broad rim. As the mandibular arch and the maxillary swelling enhance the mesodermal masses in forming the early palatal shelves the rim is reduced to a cleft of about 0.2 mm in broadness in stage 17. From stage 18 up to stage 23 there is a prominent papilla in the midline of the mouth's roof which later on may become recanalized. The different SEM-aspects of the pharyngeal hypophysis are demonstrated. | |||
PMID 3425402 | |||
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hinrichsen%20KV%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=8210047 Search Pubmed Hinrichsen KV Author] | |||
==Duke University Comparative Embryology Collection== | ==Duke University Comparative Embryology Collection== | ||
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** DUCEC 9204 Homo sapiens CRL: 7mm | ** DUCEC 9204 Homo sapiens CRL: 7mm | ||
** DUCEC 9203 Homo sapiens CRL: 17.5mm | ** DUCEC 9203 Homo sapiens CRL: 17.5mm | ||
==Necker Collection== | |||
The Necker Human Embryo Resource | |||
Service de Cytogénétique & d’Embryologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades | |||
M Vekemans | |||
Foetal pathology Embryology Molecular Genetics G Goudefroye H Etchevers S Thomas C Babarit T Attié-Bitach F Encha-Razavi M Bonnière C Esculpavit J Martinovic [http://www.slideshare.net/Alethea/necker-human-embryo-resource-presentation Slideshare 2008] | |||
:"Human embryos and fetal tissues were collected from legally terminated pregnancies in agreement with the French law and Ethics Committee recommendations." | |||
Michel Vekemans [https://youtu.be/eqj6WhYnuK0 French TV] | [http://teratomic.org/wp-content/themes/micropage-child/pdf/vekemans_cv.pdf CV 2003] | |||
===Expression of the sonic hedgehog gene in human embryos with neural tube defects=== | |||
Teratology. 2000 May;61(5):347-54. | |||
Kirillova I1, Novikova I, Augé J, Audollent S, Esnault D, Encha-Razavi F, Lazjuk G, Attié-Bitach T, Vekemans M. | |||
Author information | |||
Abstract | |||
BACKGROUND: | |||
To estimate the rate of malformations observed during early human development, a series of 38,913 first-trimester abortions were studied. Neural tube defects (NTD) were found in 57 cases. | |||
METHODS: | |||
A histological study of serial sections performed in 25 embryos revealed a spectrum of axial structure abnormalities. Expression of the SHH gene was studied by in situ hybridization in one case of CRS and in two cases of SB. | |||
RESULTS: | |||
A cervical notochord duplication was always found in craniorachischisis (CRS, n = 8), but not in spina bifida (SB, n = 10) or diplomyelia (split cord malformation, n = 3). In the embryo with CRS, expression of SHH was found in both domains, corresponding to the duplicated part of the notochord, whereas a single signal was observed in the nonduplicated part. This expression was associated at the cervical level of the open neural tube with a broad SHH expression domain and with two or even three domains in its lumbar region, suggesting multiple functional floor plates. Similarly, in two embryos with SB, two domains of SHH expression were found in the ventral neural tube. | |||
CONCLUSIONS: | |||
Our findings suggest that notochord splitting in the cervical region might be involved in the pathogenesis of CRS. Interestingly, similar notochord abnormality and altered expression of the shh gene are observed in Lp mice with NTD. This suggests that the Lp gene could be a candidate gene for human CRS. Further studies are needed to establish the primary event responsible for the notochord splitting and for the abnormal expression of the SHH gene in the floor plate in embryos with CRS and SB. | |||
Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. | |||
PMID 10777830 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(200005)61:5<347::AID-TERA6>3.0.CO;2-# | |||
==London Hospital Anatomy Department== | |||
Shute CCD. Nervous pathways in the developing human labyrinth (1951) J. Anat. | |||
The present investigation has been undertaken on serially sectioned human embryos of the London Hospital Anatomy Department collection prepared according to de Castro’s silver impregnation technique. | |||
* No. H. 214. CRL 15.5 mm., plane of section transverse. | |||
* No. H. 191. CRL 17.5 mm., plane of section transverse. | |||
* No. H. 180. CRL 30 mm., plane of section transverse. | |||
* No. H. 206. CRL 43 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head. | |||
* No. H. 206. CRL 43 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head. | |||
* No. H. 218 CRL 48 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head. | |||
* No. H. 218. CRL 48 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head. | |||
* No. H. 209. CRL 62 mm., plane of section coronal. | |||
* No. H. 125. CRL 92 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head. | |||
* No. H. 125. CRL 92 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head. | |||
===University of Manchester=== | |||
Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom | |||
Neil A Hanley neil.hanley@manchester.ac.uk | |||
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Endocrinology Department, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom | |||
The collection, use, and storage of human embryonic and fetal tissue was done with ethical approval from the North West Research Ethics Committee, under the codes of practice issued by the Human Tissue Authority and legislation of the U.K. Human Tissue Act 2008. | |||
Specimens for immunohistochemistry were fixed within 1 h in 4% paraformaldehyde before processing and embedding in paraffin wax. Sectioning took place at 5-μm intervals, with every eighth section taken for hematoxylin and eosin staining to confirm morphology and anatomical landmarks. | |||
* http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/62/10/3514 | |||
* https://elifesciences.org/content/5/e15657#bib15 | |||
==Harvard Collection== | ==Harvard Collection== | ||
[[Harvard Collection]] | [[Harvard Collection]] | ||
http://www.medicalmuseum.mil | |||
==Central Laboratory for Human Embryology== | |||
[ http://www.sdbonline.org/sites/archive/SDBNews/i_wrkshp/i_wrkshp.htm#FantelAbstract SDB Workshop held on September 18 and 19 1997] | |||
Collecting Human Embryos And Fetuses: Thirty-Five Years Of Experience | |||
Alan G. Fantel, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington | |||
The Central Laboratory for Human Embryology has collected, studied and analyzed human conceptal tissue for nearly 35 years. During that time, changes in laws, practice, funding and medical technology have significantly affected the condition, types and stages of embryonic and fetal tissues available for research. We will discuss these changing relationships, detailing tissue availability today and present information on obtaining material for biomedical research, including imaging. During the 1960s, most tissue collected by the laboratory was delivered by spontaneous abortion. Despite this designation, the percentage that was actually induced could not be determined. While these specimens enabled studies of abortus morphology and cytogenetics, they were generally too autolyzed for imaging, biochemical or molecular studies. Tissue available for research was largely derived from hysterotomy and hysterectomy and to a lesser extent, from surgical intervention in ectopic pregnancy. Hysterotomy specimens tended to date from mid second through third trimesters and preservation was generally poor. They were often nonviable in utero for days or were exposed to KCl prior to delivery, inducing rapid and severe autolysis. Specimens derived from hysterectomy tended to be in excellent condition but generally dated from relatively late gestation. Ectopic specimens served as a primary source of embryos but massive bleeding and tubal rupture commonly limited successful retrieval. These rare specimens remain an important source of intact, early material. | |||
In the 1970s Washington enacted therapeutic abortion on demand. Most terminations were performed by dilatation and manual curettage and it became possible to obtain increasing amounts of well preserved tissue. Embryos tended to be relatively intact and most organs and tissues could be collected. Increasing use of vacuum extraction in the late 1970s made tissue retrieval challenging, since specimens tended to be severely fragmented by exposure to pressure gradients and passage through fine cannulas, long runs of tubing and collection in gauze bags. Most of these specimens date from late first and early second trimesters with increasing availability of late second and third trimester fetuses. In the late 1980s and early 90s, they were often pretreated with KCl, rendering them useless for detailed study. | |||
Today, the Central Laboratory for Human Embryology supplies university and institute-based investigators nationwide with embryonic tissues processed according to the requirements of individual studies. Technicians collect at clinic sites where specimens are obtained within minutes of passage, rapidly assessed and staged. Individual tissues are then identified, separated, processed and delivered to the laboratory from which they are shipped by overnight air express. Information on obtaining embryonic or fetal tissue can be obtained at 800-583-0668. | |||
==Paris Embryological Collection== | ==Paris Embryological Collection== | ||
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http://www.hudsen.eu | http://www.hudsen.eu | ||
Wellcome Human Developmental Biology Resource (http://www.hdbr.org) | |||
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x | DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x | ||
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x/abstract;jsessionid=7D56A296108D4E410AB20D5F7C5624C1.f04t01 | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x/abstract;jsessionid=7D56A296108D4E410AB20D5F7C5624C1.f04t01 | ||
===The corticofugal neuron-associated genes ROBO1, SRGAP1, and CTIP2 exhibit an anterior to posterior gradient of expression in early fetal human neocortex development=== | |||
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jun;21(6):1395-407. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq219. Epub 2010 Nov 8. | |||
Ip BK1, Bayatti N, Howard NJ, Lindsay S, Clowry GJ. | |||
Author information | |||
Abstract | |||
Developing neocortical progenitors express transcription factors in gradients that induce programs of region-specific gene expression. Our previous work identified anteriorly upregulated expression gradients of a number of corticofugal neuron-associated gene probe sets along the anterior-posterior axis of the human neocortex (8-12 postconceptional weeks [PCW]). Here, we demonstrate by real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry that 3 such genes, ROBO1, SRGAP1, and CTIP2 are highly expressed anteriorly between 8-12 PCW, in comparison with other genes (FEZF2, SOX5) expressed by Layer V, VI, and subplate neurons. All 3 were prominently expressed by early postmitotic neurons in the subventricular zone, intermediate zone, and cortical plate (CP) from 8 to 10 PCW. Between 12 and 15 PCW expression patterns for ER81 and SATB2 (Layer V), TBR1 (Layer V/VI) and NURR1 (Layer VI) revealed Layer V forming. By 15 PCW, ROBO1 and SRGAP1 expression was confined to Layer V, whereas CTIP2 was expressed throughout the CP anteriorly. We observed ROBO1 and SRGAP1 immunoreactivity in medullary corticospinal axons from 11 PCW onward. Thus, we propose that the coexpression of these 3 markers in the anterior neocortex may mark the early location of the human motor cortex, including its corticospinal projection neurons, allowing further study of their early differentiation. | |||
PMID 21060114 | |||
===The HUDSEN Atlas: a three-dimensional (3D) spatial framework for studying gene expression in the developing human brain=== | ===The HUDSEN Atlas: a three-dimensional (3D) spatial framework for studying gene expression in the developing human brain=== | ||
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We are developing a three-dimensional (3D) atlas of the human embryonic brain using anatomical landmarks and gene expression data to define major subdivisions through 12 stages of development [Carnegie Stages (CS) 12-23; approximately 26-56 days post conception (dpc)]. Virtual 3D anatomical models are generated from intact specimens using optical projection tomography (OPT). Using MAPAINT software, selected gene expression data, gathered using standard methods of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, are mapped to a representative 3D model for each chosen Carnegie stage. In these models, anatomical domains, defined on the basis of morphological landmarks and comparative knowledge of expression patterns in vertebrates, are linked to a developmental neuroanatomic ontology. Human gene expression patterns for genes with characteristic expression in different vertebrates (e.g. PAX6, GAD65 and OLIG2) are being used to confirm and/or refine the human anatomical domain boundaries. We have also developed interpolation software that digitally generates a full domain from partial data. Currently, the 3D models and a preliminary set of anatomical domains and ontology are available on the atlas pages along with gene expression data from approximately 100 genes in the HUDSEN Human Spatial Gene Expression Database (http://www.hudsen.org). The aim is that full 3D data will be generated from expression data used to define a more detailed set of anatomical domains linked to a more advanced anatomy ontology and all of these will be available online, contributing to the long-term goal of the atlas, which is to help maximize the effective use and dissemination of data wherever it is generated. | We are developing a three-dimensional (3D) atlas of the human embryonic brain using anatomical landmarks and gene expression data to define major subdivisions through 12 stages of development [Carnegie Stages (CS) 12-23; approximately 26-56 days post conception (dpc)]. Virtual 3D anatomical models are generated from intact specimens using optical projection tomography (OPT). Using MAPAINT software, selected gene expression data, gathered using standard methods of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, are mapped to a representative 3D model for each chosen Carnegie stage. In these models, anatomical domains, defined on the basis of morphological landmarks and comparative knowledge of expression patterns in vertebrates, are linked to a developmental neuroanatomic ontology. Human gene expression patterns for genes with characteristic expression in different vertebrates (e.g. PAX6, GAD65 and OLIG2) are being used to confirm and/or refine the human anatomical domain boundaries. We have also developed interpolation software that digitally generates a full domain from partial data. Currently, the 3D models and a preliminary set of anatomical domains and ontology are available on the atlas pages along with gene expression data from approximately 100 genes in the HUDSEN Human Spatial Gene Expression Database (http://www.hudsen.org). The aim is that full 3D data will be generated from expression data used to define a more detailed set of anatomical domains linked to a more advanced anatomy ontology and all of these will be available online, contributing to the long-term goal of the atlas, which is to help maximize the effective use and dissemination of data wherever it is generated. | ||
© 2010 The Authors. Journal of Anatomy © 2010 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. | © 2010 The Authors. Journal of Anatomy © 2010 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. | ||
Our 3D reference models are generated from intact human embryos using the rapid and non-invasive technique of optical projection tomography (OPT; Sharpe et al. 2002). The HUDSEN atlas is based on 12 such OPT models covering the range of Carnegie Stages CS12 (approximately 26 dpc; the closure of the caudal neuropore) to CS23 (approximately 56 dpc; the end of the embryonic period, when all the major organs have developed). | |||
PMID 20979583 | PMID 20979583 | ||
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967454 | |||
===Expression of PLA2G6 in human fetal development: Implications for infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy=== | |||
Brain Res Bull. 2010 Nov 20;83(6):374-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.08.011. Epub 2010 Sep 9. | |||
Polster B1, Crosier M, Lindsay S, Hayflick S. | |||
Abstract | |||
Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) group VIA (iPLA2-VIA), underlie the autosomal recessive disorder infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). INAD typically presents in the first year of life, and leads to optic atrophy and psychomotor regression. We have examined PLA2G6 expression in early human embryonic development by in situ hybridization. At Carnegie Stage (CS) 19 (approximately 7 post-conception weeks [PCW]), strong expression is evident in the ventricular zone (VZ) of midbrain and forebrain suggestive of expression in neural stem and progenitor cells. At CS23 (8PCW) expression is also detectable in the VZ of the hindbrain and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the developing neocortex, ganglionic eminences and diencephalon. By 9PCW strong expression in the post-mitotic cells of the cortical plate can be seen in the developing neocortex. In the eye, expression is seen in the lens and retina at all stages examined. PLA2G6 expression is also evident in the alar plate of the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, the retina and lens in the eye and several non-neuronal tissues, including developing bones, lung, kidney and gut. These findings suggest a role for PLA2G6 in neuronal proliferation throughout the developing brain and in maturing neurons in the cortical plate and hindbrain. Although widespread PLA2G6 expression is detected in neuronal tissues, the pattern shows dynamic changes with time and indicates that INAD pathogenesis may begin prior to birth. | |||
2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | |||
PMID 20813170 | |||
===MRC-Wellcome Trust Human Developmental Biology Resource: enabling studies of human developmental gene expression=== | |||
Trends Genet. 2005 Nov;21(11):586-90. Epub 2005 Sep 9. | |||
Lindsay S1, Copp AJ. | |||
Author information | |||
Abstract | |||
A striking finding of the human and mouse genome sequencing projects is that, although there are many differences between the two species, they have similar numbers of genes. The differences arise during development and are driven, in part, by changes in gene expression. The MRC-Wellcome Trust Human Developmental Biology Resource (HDBR) is a unique resource that provides human embryonic and foetal tissues to the scientific community, enabling gene-expression studies at these crucial periods of development. | |||
PMID 16154230 | |||
===3 dimensional modelling of early human brain development using optical projection tomography=== | ===3 dimensional modelling of early human brain development using optical projection tomography=== | ||
Line 194: | Line 572: | ||
http://www.ncl.ac.uk/ion/staff/profile/susan.lindsay | http://www.ncl.ac.uk/ion/staff/profile/susan.lindsay | ||
==Embryonal Serial Section Registry (ESR)== | |||
Registry of Congenital Malformation (RCM) and Children’s Hospital for Autopsy (CHA) registry of Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) | |||
Suk Keun Lee, DDS Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangnueng-Wonju National University, 7, Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Korea Tel: +82-33-640-2228 Fax: +82-33-642-6410 E-mail:sukkeunlee@hanmail.net | |||
<pubmed> 26471340 </pubmed>| [http://jpatholtm.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.4132/jptm.2015.09.17 J Pathol Transl Med.] | |||
===Human embryos used in this study=== | |||
Embryonal Streeter’s No_ of ESR or ROM | |||
age (day) stage | |||
28-30 13 5 (E49, E77, E83, E95, E176) | |||
31-32 14 4 (E9, E27, E89, E94) | |||
33-36 15 8 (E5, E45, E48, E82, E93, E113, E142, E180) | |||
37-40 16 4 (E59, E61, E68, E183) | |||
41-43 17 9 (E1, E8, E26, E30, E35, E37, E63, E72, E108) | |||
44-46 18 3 (E12, E24, E168) | |||
47-48 19 2 (E13, E48) | |||
49-51 20 6 (E4, E18, E28, E31, E43, E92) | |||
52-53 21 3 (E17, E67, E70) | |||
54-55 22 4 (E25, E85, E96, R448) | |||
2 56 23 8 (E2, E6, E55, E80, E84, E87, E96, E140) | |||
Total 56 | |||
===Human fetuses used in this study=== | |||
GeSta”°”"‘ No. of ESR, RCM, or CHA | |||
age (wk) | |||
10 4(E11,E41,E81,E156) | |||
11 3 (E111, R1057, R1532) | |||
12 1 (E123) | |||
13-14 3 (E50, E98, R1529) | |||
15-16 3 (R308, R1526, R1533) | |||
17-18 1 (R1524) | |||
19-20 7 (R291, R293, R379, R398, R414, R567, A89-2) | |||
21-22 6 (R299, R326, R422, R738, R1419, A89-54) | |||
23-24 12 (R247, R248, R263, R285, R301, R318, R352, R353, | |||
R437, R727, R733, R736) | |||
25-26 8 (R281, R284, R287, R300, R399, R403, R737, R1483) | |||
27-28 11 (R249, R250, R253, R267, R270, R375, R406, R438, | |||
R506, R739, R1535) | |||
29-30 9 (R259, R309, R316, R349, R388, R390, R409, R429, | |||
R507) | |||
31-32 9 (R252, R297, R303, R311, R358, R362, R382, R424, | |||
R451) | |||
33-34 6 (R266, R289, R366, R407, R416, A80-34) | |||
35-36 4 (R355, R402, R1480, A80-20) | |||
37-38 9 (R298, R347, R354, R361, R364, R365, R389, R451, | |||
A88-76) | |||
3940 6 (R294, R295, R319, R356, R370, R408) | |||
241 4 (R423, A87-87, A88-72, A87-94) | |||
Total 106 | |||
==Multiple Collections== | ==Multiple Collections== | ||
Line 227: | Line 690: | ||
<pubmed>20149609</pubmed> | <pubmed>20149609</pubmed> | ||
==France== | |||
--[[User:Z8600021|Mark Hill]] ([[User talk:Z8600021|talk]]) 12:47, 3 May 2015 (AEST) This study cites the following French human embryo collections. | |||
===Developmental anatomy of the liver from computerized three-dimensional reconstructions of four human embryos (from Carnegie stage 14 to 23)=== | |||
Ann Anat. 2015 Mar 20;200:105-113. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.02.012. | |||
Lhuaire M1, Tonnelet R2, Renard Y3, Piardi T4, Sommacale D4, Duparc F5, Braun M2, Labrousse M6. | |||
Abstract | |||
Some aspects of human embryogenesis and organogenesis remain unclear, especially concerning the development of the liver and its vasculature. The purpose of this study was to investigate, from a descriptive standpoint, the evolutionary morphogenesis of the human liver and its vasculature by computerized three-dimensional reconstructions of human embryos. Serial histological sections of four human embryos at successive stages of development belonging to three prestigious French historical collections were digitized and reconstructed in 3D using software commonly used in medical radiology. Manual segmentation of the hepatic anatomical regions of interest was performed section by section. In this study, human liver organogenesis was examined at Carnegie stages 14, 18, 21 and 23. Using a descriptive and an analytical method, we showed that these stages correspond to the implementation of the large hepatic vascular patterns (the portal system, the hepatic artery and the hepatic venous system) and the biliary system. To our knowledge, our work is the first descriptive morphological study using 3D computerized reconstructions from serial histological sections of the embryonic development of the human liver between Carnegie stages 14 and 23. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. PMID 25866917 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960215000382 | |||
===Atrioventricular valves development in human heart: the Paris embryological collection revisited=== | |||
Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb. 1989;135(6):947-55. | |||
Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA1. | |||
Abstract | |||
29 human embryos staging from stage 15 to stage 23 (post-somitic period, collection of the UER Biomedicale des Saints-Péres, Université René Descartes Paris V) have been studied. The most important morphological events of the atrioventricular valves development have been reinvestigated and photographed. This is a complementary information about cardiac development analysing this french collection of human embryos (Mandarim-de-Lacerda, in press). At stage 15, we can observe the gelatinous reticulum well organized when cardiac valves will become established; progressively the fused endocardial cushions and right and left lateral cushions encircle the atrioventricular channels indicating the site of the tricuspid valves. These cushions, however, have a temporary influence being replaced gradually by atrial and ventricular myocardium. At stage 23, the heart presents a complete atrioventricular valvular structure. | |||
PMID 2628147 | |||
===Computerized three-dimensional reconstruction of the retrohepatic segment of inferior vena cava of a 20 mm human embryo=== | |||
[Article in French] | |||
Morphologie. 2013 Jun;97(317):59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.morpho.2013.04.002. Epub 2013 Jun 4. | |||
Abid B1, Douard R, Hentati N, Ghorbel A, Delmas V, Uhl JF, Chevallier JM. | |||
Abstract | |||
The subdiaphragmatic venous drainage of the embryo is provided by the two caudal cardinal veins to which is added the subcardinal vein system, draining the mesonephros, the perispinal supracardinal veins and the umbilical and vitelline venous system. The anastomosis of certain segments of the embryonic venous structures and the disappearance of others are at the origin of the inferior vena cava. Since the 19th century, three-dimensional reconstruction of solid models from histological sections were developed. At present, the development of computerized three-dimensional reconstruction techniques allowed to operate a multitude of techniques of image processing and modeling in space. Three-dimensional reconstruction is a tool for teaching and research very useful in embryological studies because of the obvious difficulty of dissection and the necessity of introducing time as the fourth dimension in the study of organogenesis. This method represents a promising alternative compared to previous three-dimensional reconstruction techniques including Born technique. The aim of our work was to create a three-dimensional computer reconstruction of the retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava of a 20mm embryo from the embryo collection of Saints-Pères institute of anatomy (Paris Descartes university, Paris, France) to specify the path relative to the liver and initiate a series of computerized three-dimensional reconstruction that will follow the evolution of this segment of the inferior vena cava and this in a pedagogical and morphological research introducing the time as the fourth dimension. | |||
Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. | |||
KEYWORDS: | |||
Digital pedagogy; Embryologie de la veine cave inférieure; Inferior vena cava embryology; Pédagogie numérique; Reconstruction tridimensionnelle informatisée; Retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava; Segment rétrohépatique de la veine cave inférieure; Three-dimensional computerized reconstruction | |||
PMID 23756024 | |||
===Human embryonic larynx morphogenesis: three-dimensional and multiplanar study (918.26)=== | |||
Marc Labrouse3, Romain Tonnelet5, Yohann Renard3, Emilien Micard1, Fabrice Duparc4, Vincent Delmas6 and Marc Braun2 | |||
1CIC-IT, CHU de Nancy Brabois NANCY France | |||
2Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Nancy, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre les Nancy France | |||
3Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Université de Reims REIMS France | |||
4Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Université de Rouen, France ROUEN France | |||
5IADI, INSERM U947, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France | |||
6Department of Anatomy URDIA EA4465, Saints-Pères Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes PARIS France | |||
Abstract | |||
The purpose of this study was to describe the human larynx embryology, using three-dimensional reconstructions from seven human embryos histological sections, and to compare our results with literature. Seven human embryos from two historic French collections (Paris-Descartes University's Delmas-Rouvière collection and Rouen University's Tardif collection) stained with hematoxylin & eosin or Masson's trichrome were reclassified according to the Carnegie Atlas criteria (CS (Carnegie stages) 17, 18, 19, 21 and 22). A local made computer software developed by IADI lab (INSERM U947, Nancy) allowed automatic slices selection, automatic rigid registration, and dust filtering. Once registration had been completed, DICOM files were used with ORS Visual software (v1.5, Montreal), which allowed multiple display and post-processing possibilities (3D VR; orthogonal/curved multiplanar reformation). Due to large size files, image processing was performed on PC with Windows 7 (64 bit) and 20 GB RAM. Three-dimensional and multiplanar study of the larynx morphogenesis was possible with appropriate thresholding. In the first stages of this study, the early laryngeal aditus was visible. Two posterior elevations, the arytenoid swellings, one anterior, the epiglottis, and the vocal folds were seen in the last stages. Human embryonic larynx morphogenesis works are very rare because of the smallness of this anatomical structure. Our study, using historic human embryos histological sections has shown the larynx growth. This demonstration was completely novel and had never been published previously, to our knowledge. Indeed, our method is fully respectful towards the microscopic structure unlike methods using Amira© segmentation and triangulation process. The precise knowledge of this morphogenesis will help to better understand congenital malformations. | |||
http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/918.26.short | |||
===Rouvière-Delmas Collection=== | |||
* The human embryos collection of the Laboratoire d'Anatomie of the UER Biomedicale des Saints-P6res, a collection | |||
* Since 1913 by Nicolas, Augier, Rouviere and Delmas | |||
{| | |||
! Rouvière-Delmas Collection | |||
|- | |||
! Human embryo | |||
! Length (mm) | |||
! Stain | |||
! Section thickness (um) | |||
! Plane | |||
|- | |||
| HE 97 | |||
| 3.5 | |||
| Loyez Eosin | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 180 | |||
| 3.5 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 75 | |||
| 5 - 6 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 198 | |||
| 8 | |||
| Trichrom Loyez van Campenhout | |||
| 5 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 92 | |||
| 8 | |||
| Trichrom | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 44 | |||
| 8 | |||
| | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 79 | |||
| 10 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 10 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 164 | |||
| 10 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 10 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 177 | |||
| 12 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 5 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 173 | |||
| 14 | |||
| Trichrom Loyez | |||
| 5 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 190 | |||
| 14 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 5 | |||
| frontal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 108 | |||
| 15 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 10 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 68 | |||
| 16 | |||
| Loyez | |||
| 10 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 208 | |||
| 21 | |||
| | |||
| 5 | |||
| transverse | |||
|- | |||
| HE 147 | |||
| 22 | |||
| Trichrom | |||
| 10 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| R1 | |||
| 23.5 | |||
| | |||
| 10 | |||
| sagittal | |||
|- | |||
| HE 16 | |||
| 25 | |||
| Trichrom | |||
| 10 | |||
| transverse | |||
|- | |||
| S1 | |||
| 27 | |||
| Eosin | |||
| 10 | |||
| transverse | |||
|- | |||
| R2 | |||
| 31 | |||
| HES | |||
| 10 | |||
| transverse | |||
|- | |||
| S2 | |||
| 37 | |||
| HES | |||
| 10 | |||
| transverse | |||
|} | |||
Virtual Anatomy Unit | |||
* Dr. Jean-François UHL - (surgeon) jf.uhl@wanadoo.fr | |||
* Prof. Vincent Delmas - vincent.delmasl@univ-paris5.fr | |||
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of Saints-Pères of the University René Descartes Paris V. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome. | |||
http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/anat/spip.php?rubrique8 | |||
:Google Translate - "The museum, known since 1847 under the name Orfila museum, is a set of rich collections and bringing together human and animal anatomical preparations, reconstruction of embryological and neuroanatomical, anthropological pieces, various brains castings origins, prepared, assembled or collected for nearly two centuries by a succession of museum curators. The importance, variety and quality of these materials far exceed the interest that had the Orfila Street museum housed the School of Medicine. The current museum occupies since 1953 the vast exhibition halls and galleries of the eighth floor of the Faculty of Medicine of the Rue des Saints-Peres." | |||
2011 Virtual Anatomy - MSBM 2000-01 (http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/anat/spip.php?rubrique6) | |||
11 students: Alexandre RADOVANOVIC, Vincent ESTRADE Mustapha AZZOUZ, Marc-Antoine Rousseau, Olivier CHATAIGNER, Sassia bedda, Thao SOURIGNAVONG, FI RANDRIANARIMALA Philippe Rapp, Alexandra DERVIN Ayman BOUATTOUR. | |||
1- Construction of a 3D anatomical model for the first renal lodge by lumboscopy (Vincent Estrade, Jean-François UHL, V. Delmas) 2 Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (69 mm embryo) Thao SOURIGNAVONG 3- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (6 mm embryo) FI RANDRIANARIMALA 4- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (embryo 22mm) Philippe RAPP 5- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (embryo 42 mm) Alexander RADOVANOVIC 6- Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (embryo 17 mm) Mustafa AZZOUZ 7- Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (embryo 14 mm) Alexandra DERVIN 8- Reconstruction 3D lateral ventricles and choroids plexus. Ayman BOUATTOUR | |||
====Reference==== | |||
A study in organogenesis: the arterial supply of the anorectal region in the human embryo and fetus. Anatomic and embryologic bases of anorectal malformations. | |||
Surg Radiol Anat. 1988;10(1):37-51. | |||
Bourdelat D1, Labbé F, Pillet J, Delmas P, Hidden G, Hureau J. | |||
Abstract | |||
The development of the anorectal region is based on differentiation of the terminal portion of the hindgut. The origin of anorectal malformations is still unknown but seems to occur very early in the embryologic period. To gain a better understanding of their development, a study of the arterial supply of the anorectal region was made in 26 embryos and 50 fetuses. PMID 3131897 | |||
* 30-day embryo (CR length 5 mm) a transverse septum, the urorectal septum, descends in a caudal direction and divides the cloaca into 2 parts, 1 anterior, the primitive urogenital sinus, the other posterior, the anorectal canal. | |||
* 6 weeks the cloaca is partitioned, the eloacal membrane being transformed into a urogenital mem- brane in front and an anal membrane behind. The anal membrane becomes surrounded by mesenchyme and is situated at the base of an ectodermal depression, the proctodeum. Invagination of the proctodeum into the hindgut leads to rupture of the anal membrane. | |||
* ascularization of the anorectum - 2 distinct origins. One is alimentary represented by the superior rectal artery, which supplies the upper rectum. The other is parietal, represented by the median sacral artery in the embryo; its development is less after the phenomenon of caudal regression, with the progressive appearance of the medial and inferior rectal arteries which supply the perineal rectum. The umbilical artery is to the upper rectum what the median sacral artery is to the lower rectum. | |||
DELMAS André. Le Musée Orfila et le Musée Rouvière. In : PECKER André. La Médecine à Paris du XIIIè au XXè siècle.Paris, Editions Hervas, Fondation SINGER-POLIGNAC, 1984, pp 289-294. | |||
===Tardif Collection=== | |||
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of the University of Rouen. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome. | |||
===Pillet Collection=== | |||
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of the University of Angers. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome. | |||
* HE 5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 220 (Pillet J (1969) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'un embryon de 5 mm (Stade XV de Streeter). CR Assoc Anat 54 : 705-715) | |||
* HE 7.5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 220 (Pillet J (1967) Reconstruction d'un embryon humain de 7,5 mm (Stare XVI, de Streeter) CR Assoc Anat 52 : 1013-1023) | |||
* HE 12.5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 100 (Pillet J (1966) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 mm et 25 mm. CR Assoc Anat 51 : 819-827) | |||
* HE 25 mm (crown-rump): scale x 100 (Pillet J (1966) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 mm et 25 mm. CR Assoc Anat 51 : 819-827) | |||
Carnegie - Developmental stages in human embryos (1987) p306 | |||
Pillet, J. 1966. Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 et de 25 mm. (Reconstruction of the pelvic organs of human embryos 12.5 and 25 mm.) Bull. Ass. Anat., 51, 819-827. | |||
Pillet, J. 1968. Reconstruction du pelvis d'un embryon humain de 7,5 mm (stade XVI de Streeter). C.R. Ass. Anat., 52, 1013-1023. | |||
Bulletin de L'Association des Anatomistes (Nancy) French Quarterly (every three months) | |||
==Italy== | |||
===University of Pisa=== | |||
Institute of Normal Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pisa. | |||
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Conte, Istituto di Anatomia Umana Normale, FacoltA di Medicina e Chirurgia detl'Universit/~di Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56100 Pisa, Italy | |||
====On the development of the coronary arteries in human embryos, stages 14-19==== | |||
Every embryo was the result of a spontaneous abortion and was well preserved. The embryos were fixed in Zenker's fluid, stained in toto with carmalum, embedded in paraffin wax and serially sectioned, in a sagittal or in a transverse direction, at a thickness of 10 gm. The 33 embryos (in the 4tll to 9th week of gestation) that we studied correspond to the developmental stages from 11 to 23. | |||
==UMAC Worldwide Database of University Museums & Collections== | |||
===Museum of Anatomy and Human Embryology=== | |||
Musée d'anatomie et d'embryologie humaines | |||
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium, Europe | |||
Faculté de Médecine, bâtiment G, niveau 2, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles | |||
Opening Hours: By appointment only. | |||
Contact: | |||
Mme C. Tilmant | |||
anatemb@ulb.ac.be | |||
Phone: +32(0)2 555 63 76 | |||
Fax: +32(0)2 555 63 78 | |||
Links: | |||
http://www.brusselsmuseums.be/fr/musee/51-musée-d-anatomie-et-d-embryologie-humaines-musées-de-l-ulb | |||
Musée d'anatomie et d'embryologie humaines Université Libre de Bruxelles | |||
Description: | |||
The Museum presents anatomical preparations from the Faculty of Medicine covering several aspects of human anatomy, as well as a collection of embryos and foetuses. The Museum holds also a collection of ostheological pathologies. | |||
http://publicus.culture.hu-berlin.de/collections/detail.php?dsn=3923 | |||
===Collection of Histology & Embryology- University of Pavia==== | |||
Collezione di Istologia e embriologia- Università di Pavia | |||
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Europe | |||
Museum or Collection Type: | |||
Medicine | |||
Institutional Type: | |||
Collection | |||
Subject: | |||
Embryology, Histology | |||
Address: | |||
Collection di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Medicina sperimentale, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia generale, via Forlanini, 10 - Pavia- ITALY | |||
Opening Hours: | |||
The collection is closed to the public. Those with a research interest in the collection may visit by appointment. | |||
Contact: | |||
Prof. Alberto Calligaro | |||
alberto.calligaro@unipv.it | |||
Phone: +39 (0)382987273 | |||
Links: | |||
http://musei.unipv.it/musei/en_2_coll_3_IE.html | |||
Collezione di Istologia e embriologia- Università di Pavia | |||
Collection di Istologia ed Embriologia | |||
Dipartimento di Medicina sperimentale | |||
Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia generale, via Forlanini, 10 - Pavia | |||
Tel. +39.0382.987273 | |||
e-mail. alberto.calligaro (at) unipv.it | |||
University of Pavia | |||
Description: | |||
The collection is built from materials prepared in the past for teaching and research in the Histology and Embryology section of the Medical faculty and includes: slides, consisting of histological sections of various tissues and organs, which date mostly from the first half of the twentieth century, wax embryological models and preparations from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, microscopes and other instruments dating to the first half of the twentieth century. | |||
Collection: 10.000 items | |||
===Museum of Anatomy - Leiden University=== | |||
Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands, Europe | |||
Museum of Anatomy, University Medical Center/University Hospital | |||
Museum or Collection Type: | |||
Medicine | |||
Institutional Type: | |||
Museum | |||
Subject: | |||
Anatomy, Embryology, Forensic Medicine, History of Medicine, Medicine, Osteology | |||
Opening Hours: | |||
By appointment | |||
Links: | |||
Leiden University | |||
Description: | |||
5,000 anatomical specimens; 4.700 embryological specimens; 4,300 pathological specimens; 3,000 neuroanatomical specimens; 100 parasitological specimens; 5,000 microscopical embryological and 15,000 neuroanatomical specimens; extensive optometry collection. | |||
Further Reading: | |||
Dam, Andries J. van 2000. The interactions of preservative fluid, specimen container, and sealant in a fluid collection. Collection Forum 14 (1-2): 78-92. | |||
Dam, Andries J. van 2000. The warping and cracking of Plexiglas™ specimen containers . Collection Forum 14 (1-2): 47-56. | |||
Mulder, W. J. (ed.) Guide to the Museum of Anatomy and Embryology of the Leiden University. Anatomical Embryologycal Laboratory, Leiden. | |||
Anonymous 2000. Leidse anatomie in Museum Boerhaave. Museum Boerhaave, Leiden. | |||
===Medical Museum Copenhagen=== | |||
Medicinsk Museion | |||
Medical Museion | |||
Museum or Collection Type: | |||
Medicine | |||
Institutional Type: | |||
Museum | |||
Subject: | |||
Anaesthesiology, Anatomy, Dentistry, Dermatology, Embryology, Endoscopy, Histology, History of Health Care, History of Medicine, History of Pharmacy, Medicine, Medicine Technology, Microbiology, Microscopy, Nursing Science, Obstetrics, Odontology | |||
Address: | |||
Fredericiagade 18, DK-1310 Copenhagen K (administration, collections and staff),, Bredgade 62, DK-1260 Copenhagen K (exhibitions) | |||
Opening Hours: | |||
Wed, Thu, Fri and Sun 13-17h | |||
For more detailed information, see http:// www.museion.ku.dk | |||
Contact: | |||
Head of Collections, Ion Meyer | |||
ion@sund.ku.dk | |||
med.hist.museum@mhm.ku.dk | |||
Phone: +4535323804 | |||
Fax: +4535323816 | |||
Additional information: | |||
For questions about research and teaching, please contact the Director of Medical Museion, Prof. Thomas Söderqvist, ths@sund.ku.dk | |||
For questions about public access, please contact public outreach officer Bente Vinge Pedersen, bvpn@sund.ku.dk | |||
For questions about exhibitions, please contact Head of Exhibitions, Camilla Mordhorst, cmo@sund.ku.dk | |||
Online: | |||
Biomedicine on Display: http://www.corporeality.net/museion | |||
Museionblog: http://www.museionblog.dk | |||
Links: | |||
Medicinsk Museion | |||
University of Copenhagen | |||
Description: | |||
Medical Museion is a department at the University of Copenhagen that integrates research, teaching, collections and exhibitions. | |||
The collections contain approx. 200.000 items, including ophtalmological, odontological, radiological, surgical, etc. instruments, a large pharmaceutical collection, an anatomical (+ teratological) and an obstetric/gynaecological collection, and a paleoosteological collection (medieval leprosy skeletons). | |||
In addition the department has a rare book collection and an archive. | |||
Line 247: | Line 1,136: | ||
===The Open Microscopy Environment=== | ===The Open Microscopy Environment=== | ||
[[File:Ome-logo-200.png]] | |||
http://www.openmicroscopy.org/site | http://www.openmicroscopy.org/site | ||
http://downloads.openmicroscopy.org/omero/5.0.0/ | http://downloads.openmicroscopy.org/omero/5.0.0/ | ||
Links: [[Talk:Embryo Virtual Slides]] | |||
Virtual microscopy with Google-Earth: a step in the way for compatibility | Virtual microscopy with Google-Earth: a step in the way for compatibility | ||
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3849394 | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3849394 | ||
===NYU Virtual Microscope=== | ===NYU Virtual Microscope=== |
Latest revision as of 14:26, 30 January 2018
A consortium is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal.
(Latin, consors = partner; from con = together and sors = fate, meaning owner of means or comrade)
University of Vienna
Institute of Histology and Embryology Collection (Dr V. Patzelt) cited by Sgalitzer (1941) in describing the development of the human thyroid.
Sgalitzer KE. Contribution to the study of the morphogenesis of the thyroid gland. (1941) J Anat. 75(4): 389-405. PMID 17104869
- Embryo Bs - 26-27 pairs of somites Carnegie stage 12 in Week 4 (Somite pairs 21 - 29)
- Embryo Fu - 28 pairs of somites Carnegie stage 12 in Week 4 (Somite pairs 21 - 29)
- Embryo Bw - 11.5 mm CRL
- Embryo Bp - 16 mm CRL
- Embryo Ez - 31 mm CRL Carnegie stage 23
Domenech-Mateu Collection
Josep Maria Domenech Mateu (Valls, 1944) is full professor of human anatomy at the Department of Morphological Sciences at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Born in Valls in 1944, Domenech Mateu is renowned medical doctor and descendant of John and Giné Partagàs (a sister whose mother was the paternal grandmother, Dolores and Gine Gine). Doctor in 1972 with a thesis directed by Professor Orts Llorca. Member of the Institute of Catalan Studies and academic member of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Catalonia since 1996, when he entered with a speech on Morphogenesis His-Tawara system memory and anatomical fibrous skeleton of the heart. He has received numerous scientific awards, including the National Prize of Cardiology (1981). In 1986 he received the medal Narcís Monturiol and the 1991 international award Emanuel B. Kaplan. In his long career in research published over 150 scientific papers, especially in the field of embryology and anatomy. For his dedication has brought together a wide embrioteca human form Bellaterra Collection.
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josep_Maria_Domènech_Mateu
(catalan)
Josep Maria Domènech Mateu (Valls, 1944) és catedràtic numerari d'anatomia humana del Departament de Ciències Morfològiques de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Nascut a Valls el 1944, Domènech Mateu és metge i descendent del prestigiós metge Joan Giné i Partagàs (una germana del qual era mare de l'àvia paterna, Dolors Giné i Giné). Doctor el 1972, amb una tesi dirigida pel professor Orts Llorca. Membre numerari de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans i acadèmic numerari de la Reial Acadèmia de Medicina de Catalunya des del 1996, quan hi ingressà amb un discurs sobre Morfogènesi del sistema His-Tawara i record anatòmic de l'esquelet fibrós del cor. Ha estat guardonat amb nombrosos premis científics, com el Premio Nacional de Cardiología (1981). L'any 1986 va rebre la medalla Narcís Monturiol i el 1991 el premi internacional Emanuel B. Kaplan. En la seva llarga carrera investigadora ha publicat més de 150 treballs científics, especialment en l'àmbit de l'embriologia i l'anatomia. Per la seva dedicació ha aconseguit reunir una extensa embrioteca humana que forma la Col·lecció Bellaterra.
Kyoto Collection
- "Approximately 44,000 human embryos and fetuses have been collected and stored at Kyoto University over the past four decades, with the aid of several hundred obstetricians. In the majority of the cases, pregnancy was terminated for social reasons during the first trimester of pregnancy (the Maternity Protection Law of Japan) and healthy embryo generally were derived from the pregnancies. The pregnancies were mainly terminated by dilatation and curettage. Some specimens were derived from spontaneous or threatened abortions. Because the attending obstetricians did not examine the aborted materials, the collection of embryos was not biased by their outcome (normal or abnormal, live or dead, etc.) and the embryo collection can be considered to be representative of the total intrauterine population in Japan."
Imaging of a large collection of human embryo using a super-parallel MR microscope
Magn Reson Med Sci. 2007;6(3):139-46.
Matsuda Y, Ono S, Otake Y, Handa S, Kose K, Haishi T, Yamada S, Uwabe C, Shiota K. Source Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Abstract
Using 4 and 8-channel super-parallel magnetic resonance (MR) microscopes with a horizontal bore 2.34T superconducting magnet developed for 3-dimensional MR microscopy of the large Kyoto Collection of Human Embryos, we acquired T(1)-weighted 3D images of 1204 embryos at a spatial resolution of (40 microm)(3) to (150 microm)(3) in about 2 years. Similarity of image contrast between the T(1)-weighted images and stained anatomical sections indicated that T(1)-weighted 3D images could be used for an anatomical 3D image database for human embryology.
PMID 18037794
http://mrlab.frsc.tsukuba.ac.jp/human_embryos/
http://apps.devbio.pitt.edu/HumanAtlas. The username is ‘Human’ and password is ‘Embryo’. Detailed instructions for these atlases are available online after logging in.
Graphic and movie illustrations of human prenatal development and their application to embryological education based on the human embryo specimens in the Kyoto collection
Dev Dyn. 2006 Feb;235(2):468-77.
Yamada S, Uwabe C, Nakatsu-Komatsu T, Minekura Y, Iwakura M, Motoki T, Nishimiya K, Iiyama M, Kakusho K, Minoh M, Mizuta S, Matsuda T, Matsuda Y, Haishi T, Kose K, Fujii S, Shiota K. Source Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Abstract
Morphogenesis in the developing embryo takes place in three dimensions, and in addition, the dimension of time is another important factor in development. Therefore, the presentation of sequential morphological changes occurring in the embryo (4D visualization) is essential for understanding the complex morphogenetic events and the underlying mechanisms. Until recently, 3D visualization of embryonic structures was possible only by reconstruction from serial histological sections, which was tedious and time-consuming. During the past two decades, 3D imaging techniques have made significant advances thanks to the progress in imaging and computer technologies, computer graphics, and other related techniques. Such novel tools have enabled precise visualization of the 3D topology of embryonic structures and to demonstrate spatiotemporal 4D sequences of organogenesis. Here, we describe a project in which staged human embryos are imaged by the magnetic resonance (MR) microscope, and 3D images of embryos and their organs at each developmental stage were reconstructed based on the MR data, with the aid of computer graphics techniques. On the basis of the 3D models of staged human embryos, we constructed a data set of 3D images of human embryos and made movies to illustrate the sequential process of human morphogenesis. Furthermore, a computer-based self-learning program of human embryology is being developed for educational purposes, using the photographs, histological sections, MR images, and 3D models of staged human embryos. Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
PMID 16317724
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvdy.20647/full
Normal and abnormal development of human embryos: first report of the analysis of 1,213 intact embryos
Teratology. 1968 Aug;1(3):281-90.
Nishimura H, Takano K, Tanimura T, Yasuda M. PMID 5759548
Boyd Collection
(Cambridge Collection)
- Boyd collection Cambridge - Graham Burton
- mainly placental
- Hamilton archive - from Charing Cross, kept for some time at St George’s
- Hamilton collection used to clarify cardiac development (incorporation of the pulmonary veins into the left atrium)
http://www.pdn.cam.ac.uk/directory/graham-burton
Embryo | CR length (mm) | Carnegie Stage | Gestational Age | Plane of Section |
---|---|---|---|---|
Boyd 1 | 3.8 | 12 | 29 days | Transverse |
Boyd 2 | 4 | 12 | 30 days | Transverse |
Gerlis 1 | 4 | 12 | 30 days | Transverse |
Boyd 3 | 5 | 13 | 32 days | Transverse |
Boyd 4 | 6 | 13 | 33 days | Transverse |
Hamilton 8 | 8.5 | 16 | 36 days | Transverse |
Hamilton 10 | 10 | 14 /15 | 36 days | Sagittal |
Hamilton 9 | 10 | 16 | 37 days | Coronal |
Hamilton 11 | 10 | 16 | 37 days | Transverse |
Hamilton 13 | 13 | 18 | 40 days | Sagittal |
Hamilton 15 | 16 | 17 | 44 days | Sagittal |
Gerlis 2 | 16.5 | 18 | 45 days | Transverse |
Hamilton 17 | 18 | 20 | 50 days | Sagittal |
Hamilton 21 | 20 | 20 /21 | 51 days | Coronal |
Hamilton 24 | 24 | 22 | 54 days | Coronal |
Hamilton 31 | 27 | N/A | 11 weeks | Transverse |
Hamilton 38 | 30 | N/A | 11 weeks | Coronal |
Hamilton 44 | 33 | N/A | 11 weeks | Transverse |
Hamilton 49 | 40 | N/A | 11 weeks | Sagittal |
Hamilton 52 | 42 | N/A | 11 weeks | Sagittal |
Hamilton 57 | 49 | N/A | 12 weeks | Transverse |
Hamilton 60 | 53 | N/A | 12 weeks | Transverse |
Hamilton 132 | 58 | N/A | 13 weeks | Transverse |
Hamilton 62 | 70 | N/A | 13 weeks | Sagittal |
Hamilton 74 | 100 | N/A | 15 weeks | Transverse |
Boyd 5 | 112 | N/A | 15 weeks | Transverse |
Johns Hopkins Fetal Skull Collection
The Johns Hopkins Fetal Collection (1918–1951) was commenced by Adolph Hans Schultz (1891–1976) - fetal, stillbirths, newborns, and infants up to approximately one year of age.
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Other USA skeletal collections - Huntington, Terry, Hamann-Todd, Cobb
Carnegie Collection
The manifestation of the axes of the human embryo
Ronan O'Rahilly
http://www.springerlink.com/content/r0uw70l3m4651002/
Modeling Man: The Monkey Colony at the Carnegie Institution of Washington's Department of Embryology, 1925-1971
J Hist Biol. 2011 Apr 19.
Source
National Museum of Health and Medicine, 6900 Georgia Ave, NW, Building 54, Washington, DC, 20307, USA, emily.k.wilson@gmail.com.
Abstract
Though better recognized for its immediate endeavors in human embryo research, the Carnegie Department of Embryology also employed a breeding colony of rhesus macaques for the purposes of studying human reproduction. This essay follows the course of the first enterprise in maintaining a primate colony for laboratory research and the overlapping scientific, social, and political circumstances that tolerated and cultivated the colony's continued operation from 1925 until 1971. Despite a new-found priority for reproductive sciences in the United States, by the early 1920s an unfertilized human ovum had not yet been seen and even the timing of ovulation remained unresolved. Progress would require an organized research approach that could extend beyond the limitations of working with scant and inherently restrictive human subjects or with common lab mammals like mice. In response, the Department of Embryology, under the Carnegie Institution of Washington (CIW), instituted a novel methodology using a particular primate species as a surrogate in studying normal human reproductive physiology. Over more than 40 years the monkey colony followed an unpremeditated trajectory that would contribute fundamentally to discoveries in human reproduction, early embryo development, reliable birth control methods, and to the establishment of the rhesus macaque as a common model organism.
PMID 21503772
Blechschmidt Collection
(University of Goettingen, Germany)
Managing Director Prof. Dr. J. Staiger Phone: 7052 Fax: 14016
Prof. Dr. Jochen Staiger, jochen.staiger@med.uni-goettingen.de
- Professor E. Blechschmidt embryological collection were assigned Carnegie Nos. 10315-10434 in 1972.
- because Professor Blechschmidt's wish was and is to have his collection combined with the Carnegie Collection.
- Blechschmidt Collection was housed temporarily in the Department of Anatomy of Louisiana State University, New Orleans, under the care of Dr. Raymond F. Gasser.
- basis of two important atlases (Blechschmidt, 1963, 1973)
- Blechschmidt, E. 1963. Der menschliche Embryo. Dokumen- tationen zur kinetiscben Anatomie. Schattauer, Stuttgart.
- Blechschmidt, E. 1973. Die prdnatalen Organsysteme des Menschen. Hippokrates, Stuttgart.
- three-dimensional reconstructions are housed in the Anatomisches Institut der Universitat Gottingen.
- the staging of these embryos has not been completed.
Perry-Arey-Milligan
See document - Perry-Arey-MilliganCRLOct14.pdf
Count | Rec. | Cat Number | Stage (est) | Age (days) | Cat Number | Size (CRL mm) |
Sex | Section | Quality | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1246-2 | 13 | 23 est | 1246-2 | 5 | entire | fair | ||||
2 | 25 | 13 | 23 est | 25 | 5 | 29-24 all in | |||||
3 | 26 | 13 | 23 est | 26 | 5 | 25-26 one box | |||||
4 | 51 | 13 | 23 est | 51 | 5 | Sagittal | fair | ||||
5 | 14 | 13 | 23 est | 14 | 5 | good | 1 of 2 @ 5mm | ||||
14 | 13 | 23 est | 14 | 5 | good | 2 of 2 @ 5mm | |||||
6 | K | 15 | 37 est | K | 7 | Coronal | poor | ||||
7 | 29 | 15 | 37 est | 29 | 7 | #36 & #37 in 1 box | |||||
8 | 24 | 15 | 24 | 7 | |||||||
9 | 14 | 15 | 37 est | 14 | 7 | good | 1 of 2 @ 7mm | ||||
14 | 15 | 37 est | 14 | 7 | good | 2 of 2 @ 7mm | |||||
10 | 8 | 15 | 37 est | 8 | 8 | longt.sec | Fair-good | entire embryo | |||
11 | 60 | 16 | 38 est | 60 | 10 | Coronal | good | ||||
12 | 87 | 16 | 38 est | 87 | 11 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
13 | 85 | 17 | 39 est | 85 | 12 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
14 | A | 17 | 39 est | A | 13 | entire | good | ||||
15 | 6 | 17 | 39 est | 6 | 15 | Coronal | good | ||||
16 | 6C | 17 | 39 est | 6C | 13 | Transverse | good | pollack | |||
17 | 65 | 18 | 41 est | 65 | 18 | Coronal | good | ||||
18 | 36 | 18 | 41 est | 36 | 17 | good | |||||
19 | 10 | 18 | 41 est | 10 | 18 | good | |||||
20 | 1 | 18 | 41 est | 1 | 18 | Sagittal | good | ||||
1(2) | 18 | 41 est | 1(2) | 70 | Sagittal | good | 18mm head | ||||
21 | 37 | 18 | 41 est | 37 | 70 | good | 18mm head | ||||
22 | 88 | 18 | 41 est | 88 | 18 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
23 | 2 | 19 | 45 est | 2 | 20 | good | |||||
24 | 5 | 19 | 45 est | 5 | 20 | Coronal | fair | ||||
25 | 56 | 19 | 45 est | 56 | 20 | Coronal | good | ||||
26 | 86 | 19 | 45 est | 86 | 20 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
27 | 67 | 19 | 45 est | 67 | 20 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
28 | A-3 | 19 | 45 est | A-3 | 20 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
21 | 48 est | 25 | fair | ||||||||
29 | 62 | 21 | 48 est | 62 | 25 | Coronal | fair | ||||
30 | 78(1) | 21 | 48 est | 78(1) | 25 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
78(2) | 78(2) | 25 | Male | Coronal | good | ||||||
31 | 103 | 22 | 50 | 103 | 28 | Male | good | ||||
32 | 97 | 22 | 50 | 97 | 28 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
?? | B-3 (Box 2) | 23 | B-3 (Box 2) | 30 | Coronal | good | |||||
33 | 98 | 23 | 98 | 30 | Female | Coronal | good | ||||
1 | B(1) | 8 wk | B(1) | 32 | Female | Coronal | good | ||||
B(1) | 8 wk | B(1) | 32 | Female | Coronal | good | |||||
2 | 101 | 8 wk | 101 | 33 | Male | good | |||||
3 | D-3 (Box 2) | 8 wk | D-3 (Box 2) | 33 | Coronal | good | |||||
4 | 94 | 8 wk | 94 | 35 | Female | Coronal | good | ||||
5 | E-3(1) | 8 wk | E-3(1) | 35 | Male | Coronal | good | ||||
E-3(2) | 8 wk | E-3(2) | 35 | Male | Coronal | good | |||||
6 | 127 | 8 wk | 127 | 36 | Sagittal | good | |||||
7 | 38 | 8 wk | 38 | 38 | Sagittal | good | |||||
8 | 126.1 | 8 wk | 126.1 | 38 | Sagittal | good | |||||
126.2 | 8 wk | 126.2 | 38 | Sagittal | good | ||||||
9 | A5(1) | 9 wk | A5(1) | 45 | Coronal | good | |||||
A5(2) | 9 wk | A5(2) | 45 | Coronal | good | ||||||
10 | 68 | 9 wk | 68 | 45 | Coronal | good | |||||
11 | 73 | 9 wk | 73 | 45 | Sagittal | good | |||||
12 | 55A(1) | 9 wk | 55A(1) | 47 | Coronal | good | |||||
55A(2) | 9 wk | 55A(2) | 47 | Coronal | good | ||||||
13 | 89A | 10 wk | 89A | 59 | Male | Coronal | good | ||||
89B(1) | 10 wk | 89B(1) | 59 | Male | Coronal | good | |||||
89B(2) | 10 wk | 89B(2) | 59 | Male | Coronal | good | |||||
14 | 83A | 10 wk | 83A | 60 | Male | Coronal | good | ||||
83B | 10 wk | 83B | 60 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||||
15 | 17(1) | 10 wk | 17(1) | 60 | Sagittal | good | |||||
17(2) | 10 wk | 17(2) | 60 | Coronal | good | ||||||
16 | 1372(1) | 10 wk | 1372(1) | 64 | Sagittal | good | |||||
1372(2) | 10 wk | 1372(2) | 64 | Coronal | good | ||||||
17 | 58A(1) | 10 wk | 58A(1) | 65 | Coronal | good | |||||
58A(2) | 10 wk | 58A(2) | 65 | Coronal | good | ||||||
18 | 52 | 10 wk | 52 | 65 | Female | Sagittal | good | ||||
19 | 19 | 10 wk | 19 | 66 | Sagittal | good | |||||
20 | 15(1) | 10 wk | 73 | 15(1) | 67 | Coronal | good | ||||
15(2) | 10 wk | 73 | 15(2) | 67 | Coronal | good | |||||
21 | 90B | 11 wk | 75 | 90B | 70 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||
22 | 14(1) | 11 wk | 75 | 14(1) | 70 | Coronal | good | ||||
22 | 14(2) | 11 wk | 75 | 14(2) | 70 | Coronal | good | ||||
22 | 14(3) | 11 wk | 75 | 14(3) | 70 | Sagittal | good | ||||
23 | 2001Dec | 39.2 | 11 wk | 75 | 39 | 70 | Coronal | good | 39 box 1= Sagittal | ||
24 | 2001Dec | 90A(1) | 11 wk | 75 | 90A(1) | 70 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
24 | 2001Dec | 90A(2) | 11 wk | 75 | 90A(2) | 70 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
25 | 54A(1) | 11 wk | 77 | 54A(1) | 72 | Male | |||||
25 | 54A(2) | 11 wk | 77 | 54A(2) | 72 | Male | |||||
26 | 91#1 | 11 wk | 77 | 91#1 | 75 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
26 | 91#2 | 11 wk | 77 | 91#2 | 75 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
28 | 66B{1} | 11 wk | 77 | 66B{1} | 75 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
28 | 66B{2} | 11 wk | 77 | 66B{2} | 75 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
29 | 69B{1} | 11 wk | 77 | 69B{1} | 75 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||
29 | 69B{2} | 11 wk | 77 | 69B{2} | 75 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||
30 | 79A{1) | 11 wk | 77 | 79A{1) | 75 | Male | Coronal | good | |||
30 | 79A{2) | 11 wk | 77 | 79A{2) | 75 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||
30 | 79B | 11 wk | 77 | 79B | 75 | Male | Sagittal | good | |||
31 | 1246(1) | 11 wk | 79 | 1246(1) | 78 | Coronal | good | ||||
31 | 1246(2) | 11 wk | 79 | 1246(2) | 78 | Coronal | good | ||||
32 | 2001Dec | 80A(1) | 11 wk | 79 | 80A(1) | 78 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
32 | 2001Dec | 80A(2) | 11 wk | 79 | 80A(2) | 78 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
32 | 2001Dec | 80B | 11 wk | 79 | 80B | 78 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
33 | 22 | 11 wk | 79 | 22 | 78 | Sagittal | good | ||||
34 | 20{1} | 11 wk | 80 | 20{1} | Coronal | good | |||||
34 | 20{2} | 11 wk | 80 | 20{2} | Coronal | good | |||||
35 | 2001Dec | 74(1) | 11 wk | 80 | 74(1) | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
35 | 2001Dec | 74(1) | 11 wk | 80 | 74(1) | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
36 | 2001Dec | 57B(1} | 11 wk | 80 | 57B(1} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
36 | 2001Dec | 57B(2} | 11 wk | 80 | 57B(2} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
36 | 2001Dec | 57A(1} | 11 wk | 80 | 57A(1} | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
36 | 2001Dec | 57A(2} | 11 wk | 80 | 57A(2} | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
36 | 2001Dec | 57A(3} | 11 wk | 80 | 57A(3} | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
37 | 2001Dec | 53A(1} | 11 wk | 80 | 53A(1} | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
37 | 2001Dec | 53A(2} | 11 wk | 80 | 53A(2} | 80 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
37 | 2001Dec | 53B(1} | 11 wk | 80 | 53B(1} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
37 | 2001Dec | 53B(2} | 11 wk | 80 | 53B(2} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
38 | 2001Dec | 74B(1} | 11 wk | 80 | 74B(1} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
38 | 2001Dec | 74B(2} | 11 wk | 80 | 74B(2} | 80 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
39 | 2001Dec | 1819(1} | 11 wk | 81 | 1819(1} | 81 | Transverse | good | |||
39 | 2001Dec | 1819(2} | 11 wk | 81 | 1819(2} | 81 | Transverse | good | |||
40 | 2001Dec | 77B{1} | 11 wk | 82 | 77B{1} | 82 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
40 | 2001Dec | 77B{2} | 11 wk | 82 | 77B{2} | 82 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
41 | 2001Dec | 81B{1} | 11 wk | 82 | 81B{1} | 82 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
41 | 2001Dec | 81B{2} | 11 wk | 82 | 81B{2} | 82 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
41 | 2001Dec | 81A{1} | 11 wk | 82 | 81A{1} | 82 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
41 | 2001Dec | 81A{2} | 11 wk | 82 | 81A{2} | 82 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
42 | 2001Dec | 75A | 11 wk | 82 | 75A | 82.5 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
43 | 16 | 11 wk | 83 | 16 | 85 | Coronal | |||||
44 | 2001Dec | 93A (1) | 11 wk | 83 | 93A (1) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
44 | 2001Dec | 93A (2) | 11 wk | 83 | 93A (2) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
45 | 2001Dec | 12 (1) | 11 wk | 83 | 12 (1) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
45 | 2001Dec | 12 (2) | 11 wk | 83 | 12 (2) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
45 | 2001Dec | 12 (3) | 11 wk | 83 | 12 (3) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
45 | 2001Dec | 12 (4) | 11 wk | 83 | 12 (4) | 85 | Male | Coronal | good | ||
46 | 2001Dec | 92 (1) | 11 wk | 83 | 92 (1) | 85 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
46 | 2001Dec | 92 (2) | 11 wk | 83 | 92 (2) | 85 | Male | Sagittal | good | ||
47 | 2001Dec | 82B (1) | 12 wk | 84 | 82B (1) | 90 | Female | Sagittal | good | ||
47 | 2001Dec | 82B (2) | 12 wk | 84 | 82B (2) | 90 | Female | Sagittal | good | ||
48 | 2001Dec | 8 | 12 wk | 84 | 8 | 90 | Coronal | ||||
48 | 2001Dec | 8 | 12 wk | 84 | 8 | 90 | Coronal | ||||
49 | 2001Dec | 82A(1) | 12 wk | 84 | 82A(1) | 90 | Female | Coronal | good | ||
49 | 2001Dec | 82A(2) | 12 wk | 84 | 82A(2) | 90 | Female | Coronal | good | ||
50 | 2001Dec | 49 | 12 wk | 88 | 49 | 96 | coronal | fair | |||
51 | 2001Dec | 14151.1 | 12 wk | 88 | 14151.1 | 97 | |||||
51 | 2001Dec | 14151.2 | 12 wk | 88 | 14151.2 | 97 | |||||
51 | 2001Dec | 14151.3 | 12 wk | 88 | 14151.3 | 97 | |||||
52 | 2001Nov | 11.1 | 12 wk | 90 | 11.1 | 100 | Male | Coronal | Exc | whole head-MTC | |
52 | 2001Nov | 11.2 | 12 wk | 90 | 11.2 | 100 | Male | Coronal | Exc | whole head-MTC | |
52 | 2001Nov | 11.3 | 12 wk | 90 | 11.3 | 100 | Male | Coronal | good | whole head-MTC | |
53 | 2001Nov | 4C | 13 wk | 96 | 4C | 112 | Coronal | pollack sta | |||
54 | 2001Nov | 1862 | 13 wk | 97 | 1862 | 113 | |||||
55 | 2001Nov | 1741 | 13 wk | 100 | 1741 | 120 | Coronal | good | |||
56 | 2001Nov | 5C(1) | 14 wk | 103 | 5C(1) | 124 | Coronal | good | |||
56 | 2001Nov | 5C(2) | 14 wk | 103 | 5C(2) | 124 | Coronal | good | pollack sta | ||
57 | 2001Nov | 6C | 15 wk | 106 | 6C | 130 | Transverse | good | pollack sta | ||
58 | 2001Nov | 7C(1) | 17 wk | 122 | 7C(1) | 160 | Transverse | good | pollack | ||
58 | 2001Nov | 7C(2) | 17 wk | 122 | 7C(2) | 160 | Transverse | good | pollack | ||
59 | 2001Nov | 1123 | 21 wk | 1123 | 206 | Coronal | good | pollack | |||
60 | 2001Nov | 1683 | wk | 1683 | 227 | Transverse | good | ||||
61 | 2001Nov | 1731 | wk | 1731 | 246 | Coronal | good | pollack | |||
62 | 2001Nov | 1777 | 26 wk | 1777 | 255 | Coronal | good | pollack | |||
1A(2) | 1A(2) | no CRL | Coronal | good | |||||||
1A(3) | 1A(3) | no CRL | Coronal | good | |||||||
13 | 13 | good | 4 different embryos | ||||||||
28 | 28 | 10mm ? | good | label on box says 4.5 mm | |||||||
5.1 | 5.1 | 10mm ? | Coronal | good | head = 7mm | ||||||
5.2 | 5.2 | good | head = 7mm | ||||||||
23 | 23 | Female | Coronal | good | head measure to 13 | ||||||
18 | 18 | Coronal | good | head measure to 19 | |||||||
70 | 11 wk est | 70 | head 27mm | Coronal | good | ||||||
2001Nov | 100(1) | 100(1) | head 27mm | Sagittal | good | No CR notes | |||||
2001Nov | 100(2) | 100(2) | head 27mm | Sagittal | good | No CR notes | |||||
75A | 75A | ? | Male | Coronal | good | No CR notes |
Ziegler Models
Book - Embryos in Wax: Models from the Ziegler Studio
http://www.vanleestantiques.com/subcat.php?id=86
Hubrecht Collection
A treasure house of comparative embryology
Int J Dev Biol. 1999;43(7):591-602.
Richardson MK, Narraway J. Source Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom. m.richardson@sghms.ac.uk
Abstract
The Embryo Collection of the Hubrecht Laboratory is a treasure house of comparative embryology. It is the largest and most important collection of its kind in the world, and consists of thousands of vertebrate embryos stored in alcohol, or prepared as histological sections. Many elusive species are included in the collection, some represented by complete developmental series. The accompanying archives offer a remarkable insight into the methods used to collect embryos form wild animals, as well as the motives behind the founders of the collection. Carefully maintained, documented and catalogued, the collection is available for study by all interested scientists. We argue that this collection is one of the greatest biodiversity resources in existence.
PMID 10668968
http://www.intjdevbiol.com/paper.php?doi=10668968
A brief history of the Hubrecht Laboratory
Int J Dev Biol. 1999;43(7):583-90.
Faasse P, Faber J, Narraway J. Source Hubrecht Laboratory, Netherlands Institute for Developmental Biology, Utrecht.
PMID 10668967
http://www.intjdevbiol.com/paper.php?doi=10668967
Hill Collection
- http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_collection.htm
- J. P Hill Biography http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/JPHill/hill_biography.htm
Radlanski Collection
- Radlanski-Collection, Berlin
- Ralf J. Radlansk - Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin at Freie Universität Berlin, Center for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Dept. of Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Assmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: ralfj.radlanski@charite.de.
- human embryos and foetuses
- human mandibular alveolar bone during prenatal formation from 19 to 270mm CRL PMID 26921449
- Prenatal development of the muscles in the floor of the mouth in human embryos and fetuses from 6.9 to 76 mm CRL PMID 11766522
- parotid gland PMID 9010565
Hinrichsen Collection
Principles of ontogenesis of leg and foot in man.
Ann Anat. 1994 Apr;176(2):121-30.
Hinrichsen KV1, Jacob HJ, Jacob M, Brand-Saberi B, Christ B, Grim M.
Abstract
Human leg and foot anlagen of different developmental stages were studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy. The findings were compared with principles of human arm and hand development and results obtained experimentally from chicken limbs. The limbs studied have in common the shaping, cell differentiation, and spatial arrangement of different cells as basic processes of development. On the other hand, upper and lower limbs are very different in human and avian embryos with regard to their position, form, and function. We found that the different positions in relation to the dorsal and ventral surfaces and maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) are important factors leading to the different orientations and forms of limbs. The unequal length of the fingers and toes might also be explained in this way. Differences in the position of the most distal muscles in the hand and foot could be a consequence of the cranio-caudal sequence of development. The factors controlling the developmental differences between arm and leg are discussed. PMID 8210047
Morphological aspects of the pharyngeal hypophysis in human embryos. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand. 1986;24(3):235-47.
Hinrichsen K1, Mestres P, Jacob HJ.
Abstract
In human embryos the hypophyseal sac (Rathke's pouch) originates at the roof of the mouth until stage 15 as a broad rim. As the mandibular arch and the maxillary swelling enhance the mesodermal masses in forming the early palatal shelves the rim is reduced to a cleft of about 0.2 mm in broadness in stage 17. From stage 18 up to stage 23 there is a prominent papilla in the midline of the mouth's roof which later on may become recanalized. The different SEM-aspects of the pharyngeal hypophysis are demonstrated. PMID 3425402
Search Pubmed Hinrichsen KV Author
Duke University Comparative Embryology Collection
- http://www.biology.duke.edu/kksmithlab/research/comparative_collection.htm
- DUCEC 833 Homo sapiens CRL: 33mm
- DUCEC 832 Homo sapiens CRL: 19mm
- DUCEC 9204 Homo sapiens CRL: 7mm
- DUCEC 9203 Homo sapiens CRL: 17.5mm
Necker Collection
The Necker Human Embryo Resource
Service de Cytogénétique & d’Embryologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
M Vekemans
Foetal pathology Embryology Molecular Genetics G Goudefroye H Etchevers S Thomas C Babarit T Attié-Bitach F Encha-Razavi M Bonnière C Esculpavit J Martinovic Slideshare 2008
- "Human embryos and fetal tissues were collected from legally terminated pregnancies in agreement with the French law and Ethics Committee recommendations."
Michel Vekemans French TV | CV 2003
Expression of the sonic hedgehog gene in human embryos with neural tube defects
Teratology. 2000 May;61(5):347-54.
Kirillova I1, Novikova I, Augé J, Audollent S, Esnault D, Encha-Razavi F, Lazjuk G, Attié-Bitach T, Vekemans M. Author information Abstract BACKGROUND: To estimate the rate of malformations observed during early human development, a series of 38,913 first-trimester abortions were studied. Neural tube defects (NTD) were found in 57 cases. METHODS: A histological study of serial sections performed in 25 embryos revealed a spectrum of axial structure abnormalities. Expression of the SHH gene was studied by in situ hybridization in one case of CRS and in two cases of SB. RESULTS: A cervical notochord duplication was always found in craniorachischisis (CRS, n = 8), but not in spina bifida (SB, n = 10) or diplomyelia (split cord malformation, n = 3). In the embryo with CRS, expression of SHH was found in both domains, corresponding to the duplicated part of the notochord, whereas a single signal was observed in the nonduplicated part. This expression was associated at the cervical level of the open neural tube with a broad SHH expression domain and with two or even three domains in its lumbar region, suggesting multiple functional floor plates. Similarly, in two embryos with SB, two domains of SHH expression were found in the ventral neural tube. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that notochord splitting in the cervical region might be involved in the pathogenesis of CRS. Interestingly, similar notochord abnormality and altered expression of the shh gene are observed in Lp mice with NTD. This suggests that the Lp gene could be a candidate gene for human CRS. Further studies are needed to establish the primary event responsible for the notochord splitting and for the abnormal expression of the SHH gene in the floor plate in embryos with CRS and SB. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
PMID 10777830 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(200005)61:5<347::AID-TERA6>3.0.CO;2-#
London Hospital Anatomy Department
Shute CCD. Nervous pathways in the developing human labyrinth (1951) J. Anat.
The present investigation has been undertaken on serially sectioned human embryos of the London Hospital Anatomy Department collection prepared according to de Castro’s silver impregnation technique.
- No. H. 214. CRL 15.5 mm., plane of section transverse.
- No. H. 191. CRL 17.5 mm., plane of section transverse.
- No. H. 180. CRL 30 mm., plane of section transverse.
- No. H. 206. CRL 43 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head.
- No. H. 206. CRL 43 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head.
- No. H. 218 CRL 48 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head.
- No. H. 218. CRL 48 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head.
- No. H. 209. CRL 62 mm., plane of section coronal.
- No. H. 125. CRL 92 mm., plane of section coronal left half of head.
- No. H. 125. CRL 92 mm., plane of section sagittal right half of head.
University of Manchester
Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Neil A Hanley neil.hanley@manchester.ac.uk
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Endocrinology Department, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
The collection, use, and storage of human embryonic and fetal tissue was done with ethical approval from the North West Research Ethics Committee, under the codes of practice issued by the Human Tissue Authority and legislation of the U.K. Human Tissue Act 2008.
Specimens for immunohistochemistry were fixed within 1 h in 4% paraformaldehyde before processing and embedding in paraffin wax. Sectioning took place at 5-μm intervals, with every eighth section taken for hematoxylin and eosin staining to confirm morphology and anatomical landmarks.
- http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/62/10/3514
- https://elifesciences.org/content/5/e15657#bib15
Harvard Collection
Central Laboratory for Human Embryology
[ http://www.sdbonline.org/sites/archive/SDBNews/i_wrkshp/i_wrkshp.htm#FantelAbstract SDB Workshop held on September 18 and 19 1997]
Collecting Human Embryos And Fetuses: Thirty-Five Years Of Experience
Alan G. Fantel, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington
The Central Laboratory for Human Embryology has collected, studied and analyzed human conceptal tissue for nearly 35 years. During that time, changes in laws, practice, funding and medical technology have significantly affected the condition, types and stages of embryonic and fetal tissues available for research. We will discuss these changing relationships, detailing tissue availability today and present information on obtaining material for biomedical research, including imaging. During the 1960s, most tissue collected by the laboratory was delivered by spontaneous abortion. Despite this designation, the percentage that was actually induced could not be determined. While these specimens enabled studies of abortus morphology and cytogenetics, they were generally too autolyzed for imaging, biochemical or molecular studies. Tissue available for research was largely derived from hysterotomy and hysterectomy and to a lesser extent, from surgical intervention in ectopic pregnancy. Hysterotomy specimens tended to date from mid second through third trimesters and preservation was generally poor. They were often nonviable in utero for days or were exposed to KCl prior to delivery, inducing rapid and severe autolysis. Specimens derived from hysterectomy tended to be in excellent condition but generally dated from relatively late gestation. Ectopic specimens served as a primary source of embryos but massive bleeding and tubal rupture commonly limited successful retrieval. These rare specimens remain an important source of intact, early material. In the 1970s Washington enacted therapeutic abortion on demand. Most terminations were performed by dilatation and manual curettage and it became possible to obtain increasing amounts of well preserved tissue. Embryos tended to be relatively intact and most organs and tissues could be collected. Increasing use of vacuum extraction in the late 1970s made tissue retrieval challenging, since specimens tended to be severely fragmented by exposure to pressure gradients and passage through fine cannulas, long runs of tubing and collection in gauze bags. Most of these specimens date from late first and early second trimesters with increasing availability of late second and third trimester fetuses. In the late 1980s and early 90s, they were often pretreated with KCl, rendering them useless for detailed study.
Today, the Central Laboratory for Human Embryology supplies university and institute-based investigators nationwide with embryonic tissues processed according to the requirements of individual studies. Technicians collect at clinic sites where specimens are obtained within minutes of passage, rapidly assessed and staged. Individual tissues are then identified, separated, processed and delivered to the laboratory from which they are shipped by overnight air express. Information on obtaining embryonic or fetal tissue can be obtained at 800-583-0668.
Paris Embryological Collection
An Acad Bras Cienc. 1990 Mar;62(1):79-84. Development of the coronary arteries in staged human embryos (the Paris Embryological Collection revisited). Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Author information
Abstract
Twenty seven human embryos from stages 15 to 23 (postsomitic period), belonging to the collection of the "UFR Biomédicale des Saints-Pères, Université René Descartes Paris V", were studied. Details of the aorticopulmonary cleavage were analysed specially aortic valve development and origin of the coronary artery. At stage 18 the aortic valve was clearly distinguished (cup-shaped) presenting semilunar valves and aortic sinus (Valsalvae); at this stage the left coronary artery was detected in 66.7 per cent of the cases as an endothelial epicardial invagination. At stage 19, the left and right coronary arteries were detected simultaneously in 100 per cent of the cases. At stage 20, the coronary arteries showed greater structural complexity with a coat of mesenchymal cells. These results agree with previous data from different embryological collections. These findings suggest that the left coronary artery has a tendency to develop earlier than the right. We found no evidence of the coronary origin from the aortic lumen. This work provides additional information about the embryological development of the heart, obtained from the analyses of a French collection of human embryos.
PMID 2097914
HuDSeN
Human Developmental Studies Network (HuDSeN)
Wellcome Human Developmental Biology Resource (http://www.hdbr.org)
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x
The corticofugal neuron-associated genes ROBO1, SRGAP1, and CTIP2 exhibit an anterior to posterior gradient of expression in early fetal human neocortex development
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jun;21(6):1395-407. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq219. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
Ip BK1, Bayatti N, Howard NJ, Lindsay S, Clowry GJ. Author information
Abstract Developing neocortical progenitors express transcription factors in gradients that induce programs of region-specific gene expression. Our previous work identified anteriorly upregulated expression gradients of a number of corticofugal neuron-associated gene probe sets along the anterior-posterior axis of the human neocortex (8-12 postconceptional weeks [PCW]). Here, we demonstrate by real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry that 3 such genes, ROBO1, SRGAP1, and CTIP2 are highly expressed anteriorly between 8-12 PCW, in comparison with other genes (FEZF2, SOX5) expressed by Layer V, VI, and subplate neurons. All 3 were prominently expressed by early postmitotic neurons in the subventricular zone, intermediate zone, and cortical plate (CP) from 8 to 10 PCW. Between 12 and 15 PCW expression patterns for ER81 and SATB2 (Layer V), TBR1 (Layer V/VI) and NURR1 (Layer VI) revealed Layer V forming. By 15 PCW, ROBO1 and SRGAP1 expression was confined to Layer V, whereas CTIP2 was expressed throughout the CP anteriorly. We observed ROBO1 and SRGAP1 immunoreactivity in medullary corticospinal axons from 11 PCW onward. Thus, we propose that the coexpression of these 3 markers in the anterior neocortex may mark the early location of the human motor cortex, including its corticospinal projection neurons, allowing further study of their early differentiation.
PMID 21060114
The HUDSEN Atlas: a three-dimensional (3D) spatial framework for studying gene expression in the developing human brain
J Anat. 2010 Oct;217(4):289-99. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01290.x.
Kerwin J1, Yang Y, Merchan P, Sarma S, Thompson J, Wang X, Sandoval J, Puelles L, Baldock R, Lindsay S.
Author information
Abstract
We are developing a three-dimensional (3D) atlas of the human embryonic brain using anatomical landmarks and gene expression data to define major subdivisions through 12 stages of development [Carnegie Stages (CS) 12-23; approximately 26-56 days post conception (dpc)]. Virtual 3D anatomical models are generated from intact specimens using optical projection tomography (OPT). Using MAPAINT software, selected gene expression data, gathered using standard methods of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, are mapped to a representative 3D model for each chosen Carnegie stage. In these models, anatomical domains, defined on the basis of morphological landmarks and comparative knowledge of expression patterns in vertebrates, are linked to a developmental neuroanatomic ontology. Human gene expression patterns for genes with characteristic expression in different vertebrates (e.g. PAX6, GAD65 and OLIG2) are being used to confirm and/or refine the human anatomical domain boundaries. We have also developed interpolation software that digitally generates a full domain from partial data. Currently, the 3D models and a preliminary set of anatomical domains and ontology are available on the atlas pages along with gene expression data from approximately 100 genes in the HUDSEN Human Spatial Gene Expression Database (http://www.hudsen.org). The aim is that full 3D data will be generated from expression data used to define a more detailed set of anatomical domains linked to a more advanced anatomy ontology and all of these will be available online, contributing to the long-term goal of the atlas, which is to help maximize the effective use and dissemination of data wherever it is generated. © 2010 The Authors. Journal of Anatomy © 2010 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Our 3D reference models are generated from intact human embryos using the rapid and non-invasive technique of optical projection tomography (OPT; Sharpe et al. 2002). The HUDSEN atlas is based on 12 such OPT models covering the range of Carnegie Stages CS12 (approximately 26 dpc; the closure of the caudal neuropore) to CS23 (approximately 56 dpc; the end of the embryonic period, when all the major organs have developed).
PMID 20979583
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967454
Expression of PLA2G6 in human fetal development: Implications for infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy
Brain Res Bull. 2010 Nov 20;83(6):374-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.08.011. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
Polster B1, Crosier M, Lindsay S, Hayflick S.
Abstract
Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) group VIA (iPLA2-VIA), underlie the autosomal recessive disorder infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). INAD typically presents in the first year of life, and leads to optic atrophy and psychomotor regression. We have examined PLA2G6 expression in early human embryonic development by in situ hybridization. At Carnegie Stage (CS) 19 (approximately 7 post-conception weeks [PCW]), strong expression is evident in the ventricular zone (VZ) of midbrain and forebrain suggestive of expression in neural stem and progenitor cells. At CS23 (8PCW) expression is also detectable in the VZ of the hindbrain and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the developing neocortex, ganglionic eminences and diencephalon. By 9PCW strong expression in the post-mitotic cells of the cortical plate can be seen in the developing neocortex. In the eye, expression is seen in the lens and retina at all stages examined. PLA2G6 expression is also evident in the alar plate of the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, the retina and lens in the eye and several non-neuronal tissues, including developing bones, lung, kidney and gut. These findings suggest a role for PLA2G6 in neuronal proliferation throughout the developing brain and in maturing neurons in the cortical plate and hindbrain. Although widespread PLA2G6 expression is detected in neuronal tissues, the pattern shows dynamic changes with time and indicates that INAD pathogenesis may begin prior to birth. 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PMID 20813170
MRC-Wellcome Trust Human Developmental Biology Resource: enabling studies of human developmental gene expression
Trends Genet. 2005 Nov;21(11):586-90. Epub 2005 Sep 9.
Lindsay S1, Copp AJ. Author information
Abstract
A striking finding of the human and mouse genome sequencing projects is that, although there are many differences between the two species, they have similar numbers of genes. The differences arise during development and are driven, in part, by changes in gene expression. The MRC-Wellcome Trust Human Developmental Biology Resource (HDBR) is a unique resource that provides human embryonic and foetal tissues to the scientific community, enabling gene-expression studies at these crucial periods of development.
PMID 16154230
3 dimensional modelling of early human brain development using optical projection tomography
BMC Neurosci. 2004 Aug 6;5:27.
Kerwin J1, Scott M, Sharpe J, Puelles L, Robson SC, Martínez-de-la-Torre M, Ferran JL, Feng G, Baldock R, Strachan T, Davidson D, Lindsay S.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As development proceeds the human embryo attains an ever more complex three dimensional (3D) structure. Analyzing the gene expression patterns that underlie these changes and interpreting their significance depends on identifying the anatomical structures to which they map and following these patterns in developing 3D structures over time. The difficulty of this task greatly increases as more gene expression patterns are added, particularly in organs with complex 3D structures such as the brain. Optical Projection Tomography (OPT) is a new technology which has been developed for rapidly generating digital 3D models of intact specimens. We have assessed the resolution of unstained neuronal structures within a Carnegie Stage (CS)17 OPT model and tested its use as a framework onto which anatomical structures can be defined and gene expression data mapped. RESULTS: Resolution of the OPT models was assessed by comparison of digital sections with physical sections stained, either with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) or by immunocytochemistry for GAP43 or PAX6, to identify specific anatomical features. Despite the 3D models being of unstained tissue, peripheral nervous system structures from the trigeminal ganglion (approximately 300 microm by approximately 150 microm) to the rootlets of cranial nerve XII (approximately 20 microm in diameter) were clearly identifiable, as were structures in the developing neural tube such as the zona limitans intrathalamica (core is approximately 30 microm thick). Fourteen anatomical domains have been identified and visualised within the CS17 model. Two 3D gene expression domains, known to be defined by Pax6 expression in the mouse, were clearly visible when PAX6 data from 2D sections were mapped to the CS17 model. The feasibility of applying the OPT technology to all stages from CS12 to CS23, which encompasses the major period of organogenesis for the human developing central nervous system, was successfully demonstrated. CONCLUSION: In the CS17 model considerable detail is visible within the developing nervous system at a minimum resolution of approximately 20 microm and 3D anatomical and gene expression domains can be defined and visualised successfully. The OPT models and accompanying technologies for manipulating them provide a powerful approach to visualising and analysing gene expression and morphology during early human brain development.
PMID 15298700
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/5/27
Professor Susan Lindsay
http://www.ncl.ac.uk/ion/staff/profile/susan.lindsay
Embryonal Serial Section Registry (ESR)
Registry of Congenital Malformation (RCM) and Children’s Hospital for Autopsy (CHA) registry of Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH)
Suk Keun Lee, DDS Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangnueng-Wonju National University, 7, Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Korea Tel: +82-33-640-2228 Fax: +82-33-642-6410 E-mail:sukkeunlee@hanmail.net
<pubmed> 26471340 </pubmed>| J Pathol Transl Med.
Human embryos used in this study
Embryonal Streeter’s No_ of ESR or ROM
age (day) stage
28-30 13 5 (E49, E77, E83, E95, E176)
31-32 14 4 (E9, E27, E89, E94)
33-36 15 8 (E5, E45, E48, E82, E93, E113, E142, E180) 37-40 16 4 (E59, E61, E68, E183)
41-43 17 9 (E1, E8, E26, E30, E35, E37, E63, E72, E108) 44-46 18 3 (E12, E24, E168)
47-48 19 2 (E13, E48)
49-51 20 6 (E4, E18, E28, E31, E43, E92)
52-53 21 3 (E17, E67, E70)
54-55 22 4 (E25, E85, E96, R448)
2 56 23 8 (E2, E6, E55, E80, E84, E87, E96, E140)
Total 56
Human fetuses used in this study
GeSta”°”"‘ No. of ESR, RCM, or CHA
age (wk)
10 4(E11,E41,E81,E156)
11 3 (E111, R1057, R1532)
12 1 (E123)
13-14 3 (E50, E98, R1529)
15-16 3 (R308, R1526, R1533)
17-18 1 (R1524)
19-20 7 (R291, R293, R379, R398, R414, R567, A89-2)
21-22 6 (R299, R326, R422, R738, R1419, A89-54)
23-24 12 (R247, R248, R263, R285, R301, R318, R352, R353, R437, R727, R733, R736)
25-26 8 (R281, R284, R287, R300, R399, R403, R737, R1483)
27-28 11 (R249, R250, R253, R267, R270, R375, R406, R438, R506, R739, R1535)
29-30 9 (R259, R309, R316, R349, R388, R390, R409, R429, R507)
31-32 9 (R252, R297, R303, R311, R358, R362, R382, R424, R451)
33-34 6 (R266, R289, R366, R407, R416, A80-34)
35-36 4 (R355, R402, R1480, A80-20)
37-38 9 (R298, R347, R354, R361, R364, R365, R389, R451, A88-76)
3940 6 (R294, R295, R319, R356, R370, R408)
241 4 (R423, A87-87, A88-72, A87-94)
Total 106
Multiple Collections
Towards a 3-Dimensional Atlas of the Developing Human Embryo: the Amsterdam Experience
Reprod Toxicol. 2012 May 25. [Epub ahead of print]
de Bakker BS, de Jong KH, Hagoort J, Oostra RJ, Moorman AF. Source Department of Anatomy, Embryology & Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract
Knowledge of complex morphogenetic processes that occur during embryonic development is essential for understanding anatomy and to get insight in the pathogenesis of congenital malformations. Understanding these processes can be facilitated by using a three-dimensional (3D) developmental series of human embryos, which we aim to create in this project. Digital images of serial sections of 34 human embryos of the Carnegie Collection between Carnegie stages 7 (15-17d) and 23 (56-60d) are used to create 3D reconstructions of different organ systems. The software package Amira is used to align the sections and to create the 3D reconstructions. In this midway evaluation we show the first results of the atlas, containing 34 embryos with more than 13.500 manually annotated sections. The 3D models can be interactively viewed within a 3D-pdf. This will be the first complete digital 3D human embryology atlas of this size, containing all developing organ systems. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc.
PMID 22640940
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089062381200202X?v=s5
Serial sections of 34 human embryos between Carnegie stages 7 (15-17 days) and 23 (56-60 days) were used to create 3D reconstructions of all the different organs and organ systems. Two specimens per Carnegie stage were incorporated in this atlas. Digital images of a first series of sections from embryos of the Carnegie Collection and one embryo from the Cambridge University, were kindly provided by the Computer Imaging Laboratory of the Louisiana State University in New Orleans [26] and a stage 20 (51-53 days) embryo of our own collection was captured at the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam. Additional images of a second series of sections were captured at the Carnegie Collection at the Human Developmental Anatomy Center of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington D.C. and digital images of one stage 9 (19-20 days) embryo from the Boyd Collection were provided by the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. Additional information about the specimens can be found in Table 1.
- Elizabeth Lockett of the Human Developmental Anatomy Center at the National Museum of Health and Medicine in Silver Spring, DC for our privilege to use the valuable material of the Carnegie Collection.
- Professor Graham Burton for providing the digital images of a stage 9 embryo of the Boyd Collection.
- Professor Robert J. Cork and Professor Raymond F. Gasser of the DREM project provide pictures of the first series of sections of human embryos of the Carnegie Collection.
Steding’s collection of human embryos
Centre of Anatomy, University of Goettingen, Germany
<pubmed>20149609</pubmed>
France
--Mark Hill (talk) 12:47, 3 May 2015 (AEST) This study cites the following French human embryo collections.
Developmental anatomy of the liver from computerized three-dimensional reconstructions of four human embryos (from Carnegie stage 14 to 23)
Ann Anat. 2015 Mar 20;200:105-113. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.02.012.
Lhuaire M1, Tonnelet R2, Renard Y3, Piardi T4, Sommacale D4, Duparc F5, Braun M2, Labrousse M6.
Abstract
Some aspects of human embryogenesis and organogenesis remain unclear, especially concerning the development of the liver and its vasculature. The purpose of this study was to investigate, from a descriptive standpoint, the evolutionary morphogenesis of the human liver and its vasculature by computerized three-dimensional reconstructions of human embryos. Serial histological sections of four human embryos at successive stages of development belonging to three prestigious French historical collections were digitized and reconstructed in 3D using software commonly used in medical radiology. Manual segmentation of the hepatic anatomical regions of interest was performed section by section. In this study, human liver organogenesis was examined at Carnegie stages 14, 18, 21 and 23. Using a descriptive and an analytical method, we showed that these stages correspond to the implementation of the large hepatic vascular patterns (the portal system, the hepatic artery and the hepatic venous system) and the biliary system. To our knowledge, our work is the first descriptive morphological study using 3D computerized reconstructions from serial histological sections of the embryonic development of the human liver between Carnegie stages 14 and 23. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. PMID 25866917 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960215000382
Atrioventricular valves development in human heart: the Paris embryological collection revisited
Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb. 1989;135(6):947-55.
Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA1.
Abstract
29 human embryos staging from stage 15 to stage 23 (post-somitic period, collection of the UER Biomedicale des Saints-Péres, Université René Descartes Paris V) have been studied. The most important morphological events of the atrioventricular valves development have been reinvestigated and photographed. This is a complementary information about cardiac development analysing this french collection of human embryos (Mandarim-de-Lacerda, in press). At stage 15, we can observe the gelatinous reticulum well organized when cardiac valves will become established; progressively the fused endocardial cushions and right and left lateral cushions encircle the atrioventricular channels indicating the site of the tricuspid valves. These cushions, however, have a temporary influence being replaced gradually by atrial and ventricular myocardium. At stage 23, the heart presents a complete atrioventricular valvular structure. PMID 2628147
Computerized three-dimensional reconstruction of the retrohepatic segment of inferior vena cava of a 20 mm human embryo
[Article in French]
Morphologie. 2013 Jun;97(317):59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.morpho.2013.04.002. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
Abid B1, Douard R, Hentati N, Ghorbel A, Delmas V, Uhl JF, Chevallier JM.
Abstract The subdiaphragmatic venous drainage of the embryo is provided by the two caudal cardinal veins to which is added the subcardinal vein system, draining the mesonephros, the perispinal supracardinal veins and the umbilical and vitelline venous system. The anastomosis of certain segments of the embryonic venous structures and the disappearance of others are at the origin of the inferior vena cava. Since the 19th century, three-dimensional reconstruction of solid models from histological sections were developed. At present, the development of computerized three-dimensional reconstruction techniques allowed to operate a multitude of techniques of image processing and modeling in space. Three-dimensional reconstruction is a tool for teaching and research very useful in embryological studies because of the obvious difficulty of dissection and the necessity of introducing time as the fourth dimension in the study of organogenesis. This method represents a promising alternative compared to previous three-dimensional reconstruction techniques including Born technique. The aim of our work was to create a three-dimensional computer reconstruction of the retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava of a 20mm embryo from the embryo collection of Saints-Pères institute of anatomy (Paris Descartes university, Paris, France) to specify the path relative to the liver and initiate a series of computerized three-dimensional reconstruction that will follow the evolution of this segment of the inferior vena cava and this in a pedagogical and morphological research introducing the time as the fourth dimension. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. KEYWORDS: Digital pedagogy; Embryologie de la veine cave inférieure; Inferior vena cava embryology; Pédagogie numérique; Reconstruction tridimensionnelle informatisée; Retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava; Segment rétrohépatique de la veine cave inférieure; Three-dimensional computerized reconstruction PMID 23756024
Human embryonic larynx morphogenesis: three-dimensional and multiplanar study (918.26)
Marc Labrouse3, Romain Tonnelet5, Yohann Renard3, Emilien Micard1, Fabrice Duparc4, Vincent Delmas6 and Marc Braun2
1CIC-IT, CHU de Nancy Brabois NANCY France 2Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Nancy, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre les Nancy France 3Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Université de Reims REIMS France 4Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Université de Rouen, France ROUEN France 5IADI, INSERM U947, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France 6Department of Anatomy URDIA EA4465, Saints-Pères Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes PARIS France
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the human larynx embryology, using three-dimensional reconstructions from seven human embryos histological sections, and to compare our results with literature. Seven human embryos from two historic French collections (Paris-Descartes University's Delmas-Rouvière collection and Rouen University's Tardif collection) stained with hematoxylin & eosin or Masson's trichrome were reclassified according to the Carnegie Atlas criteria (CS (Carnegie stages) 17, 18, 19, 21 and 22). A local made computer software developed by IADI lab (INSERM U947, Nancy) allowed automatic slices selection, automatic rigid registration, and dust filtering. Once registration had been completed, DICOM files were used with ORS Visual software (v1.5, Montreal), which allowed multiple display and post-processing possibilities (3D VR; orthogonal/curved multiplanar reformation). Due to large size files, image processing was performed on PC with Windows 7 (64 bit) and 20 GB RAM. Three-dimensional and multiplanar study of the larynx morphogenesis was possible with appropriate thresholding. In the first stages of this study, the early laryngeal aditus was visible. Two posterior elevations, the arytenoid swellings, one anterior, the epiglottis, and the vocal folds were seen in the last stages. Human embryonic larynx morphogenesis works are very rare because of the smallness of this anatomical structure. Our study, using historic human embryos histological sections has shown the larynx growth. This demonstration was completely novel and had never been published previously, to our knowledge. Indeed, our method is fully respectful towards the microscopic structure unlike methods using Amira© segmentation and triangulation process. The precise knowledge of this morphogenesis will help to better understand congenital malformations.
http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/918.26.short
Rouvière-Delmas Collection
- The human embryos collection of the Laboratoire d'Anatomie of the UER Biomedicale des Saints-P6res, a collection
- Since 1913 by Nicolas, Augier, Rouviere and Delmas
Rouvière-Delmas Collection | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Human embryo | Length (mm) | Stain | Section thickness (um) | Plane |
HE 97 | 3.5 | Loyez Eosin | 5 | frontal |
HE 180 | 3.5 | Loyez | 5 | frontal |
HE 75 | 5 - 6 | Loyez | 5 | frontal |
HE 198 | 8 | Trichrom Loyez van Campenhout | 5 | sagittal |
HE 92 | 8 | Trichrom | 5 | frontal |
HE 44 | 8 | 5 | frontal | |
HE 79 | 10 | Loyez | 10 | frontal |
HE 164 | 10 | Loyez | 10 | frontal |
HE 177 | 12 | Loyez | 5 | sagittal |
HE 173 | 14 | Trichrom Loyez | 5 | sagittal |
HE 190 | 14 | Loyez | 5 | frontal |
HE 108 | 15 | Loyez | 10 | sagittal |
HE 68 | 16 | Loyez | 10 | sagittal |
HE 208 | 21 | 5 | transverse | |
HE 147 | 22 | Trichrom | 10 | sagittal |
R1 | 23.5 | 10 | sagittal | |
HE 16 | 25 | Trichrom | 10 | transverse |
S1 | 27 | Eosin | 10 | transverse |
R2 | 31 | HES | 10 | transverse |
S2 | 37 | HES | 10 | transverse |
Virtual Anatomy Unit
- Dr. Jean-François UHL - (surgeon) jf.uhl@wanadoo.fr
- Prof. Vincent Delmas - vincent.delmasl@univ-paris5.fr
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of Saints-Pères of the University René Descartes Paris V. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome.
http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/anat/spip.php?rubrique8
- Google Translate - "The museum, known since 1847 under the name Orfila museum, is a set of rich collections and bringing together human and animal anatomical preparations, reconstruction of embryological and neuroanatomical, anthropological pieces, various brains castings origins, prepared, assembled or collected for nearly two centuries by a succession of museum curators. The importance, variety and quality of these materials far exceed the interest that had the Orfila Street museum housed the School of Medicine. The current museum occupies since 1953 the vast exhibition halls and galleries of the eighth floor of the Faculty of Medicine of the Rue des Saints-Peres."
2011 Virtual Anatomy - MSBM 2000-01 (http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/anat/spip.php?rubrique6)
11 students: Alexandre RADOVANOVIC, Vincent ESTRADE Mustapha AZZOUZ, Marc-Antoine Rousseau, Olivier CHATAIGNER, Sassia bedda, Thao SOURIGNAVONG, FI RANDRIANARIMALA Philippe Rapp, Alexandra DERVIN Ayman BOUATTOUR.
1- Construction of a 3D anatomical model for the first renal lodge by lumboscopy (Vincent Estrade, Jean-François UHL, V. Delmas) 2 Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (69 mm embryo) Thao SOURIGNAVONG 3- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (6 mm embryo) FI RANDRIANARIMALA 4- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (embryo 22mm) Philippe RAPP 5- kidney morphometry during embryogenesis (embryo 42 mm) Alexander RADOVANOVIC 6- Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (embryo 17 mm) Mustafa AZZOUZ 7- Morphometry kidney during embryogenesis (embryo 14 mm) Alexandra DERVIN 8- Reconstruction 3D lateral ventricles and choroids plexus. Ayman BOUATTOUR
Reference
A study in organogenesis: the arterial supply of the anorectal region in the human embryo and fetus. Anatomic and embryologic bases of anorectal malformations.
Surg Radiol Anat. 1988;10(1):37-51.
Bourdelat D1, Labbé F, Pillet J, Delmas P, Hidden G, Hureau J.
Abstract
The development of the anorectal region is based on differentiation of the terminal portion of the hindgut. The origin of anorectal malformations is still unknown but seems to occur very early in the embryologic period. To gain a better understanding of their development, a study of the arterial supply of the anorectal region was made in 26 embryos and 50 fetuses. PMID 3131897
- 30-day embryo (CR length 5 mm) a transverse septum, the urorectal septum, descends in a caudal direction and divides the cloaca into 2 parts, 1 anterior, the primitive urogenital sinus, the other posterior, the anorectal canal.
- 6 weeks the cloaca is partitioned, the eloacal membrane being transformed into a urogenital mem- brane in front and an anal membrane behind. The anal membrane becomes surrounded by mesenchyme and is situated at the base of an ectodermal depression, the proctodeum. Invagination of the proctodeum into the hindgut leads to rupture of the anal membrane.
- ascularization of the anorectum - 2 distinct origins. One is alimentary represented by the superior rectal artery, which supplies the upper rectum. The other is parietal, represented by the median sacral artery in the embryo; its development is less after the phenomenon of caudal regression, with the progressive appearance of the medial and inferior rectal arteries which supply the perineal rectum. The umbilical artery is to the upper rectum what the median sacral artery is to the lower rectum.
DELMAS André. Le Musée Orfila et le Musée Rouvière. In : PECKER André. La Médecine à Paris du XIIIè au XXè siècle.Paris, Editions Hervas, Fondation SINGER-POLIGNAC, 1984, pp 289-294.
Tardif Collection
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of the University of Rouen. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome.
Pillet Collection
Human embryos in the Anatomy department of the University of Angers. Transverse serial histological sections of 10 micron thickness of the whole embryo from the vertex to the coccyx. Each embryo was stained using Masson’s trichrome.
- HE 5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 220 (Pillet J (1969) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'un embryon de 5 mm (Stade XV de Streeter). CR Assoc Anat 54 : 705-715)
- HE 7.5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 220 (Pillet J (1967) Reconstruction d'un embryon humain de 7,5 mm (Stare XVI, de Streeter) CR Assoc Anat 52 : 1013-1023)
- HE 12.5 mm (crown-rump): scale x 100 (Pillet J (1966) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 mm et 25 mm. CR Assoc Anat 51 : 819-827)
- HE 25 mm (crown-rump): scale x 100 (Pillet J (1966) Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 mm et 25 mm. CR Assoc Anat 51 : 819-827)
Carnegie - Developmental stages in human embryos (1987) p306
Pillet, J. 1966. Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 et de 25 mm. (Reconstruction of the pelvic organs of human embryos 12.5 and 25 mm.) Bull. Ass. Anat., 51, 819-827.
Pillet, J. 1968. Reconstruction du pelvis d'un embryon humain de 7,5 mm (stade XVI de Streeter). C.R. Ass. Anat., 52, 1013-1023.
Bulletin de L'Association des Anatomistes (Nancy) French Quarterly (every three months)
Italy
University of Pisa
Institute of Normal Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pisa.
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Conte, Istituto di Anatomia Umana Normale, FacoltA di Medicina e Chirurgia detl'Universit/~di Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56100 Pisa, Italy
On the development of the coronary arteries in human embryos, stages 14-19
Every embryo was the result of a spontaneous abortion and was well preserved. The embryos were fixed in Zenker's fluid, stained in toto with carmalum, embedded in paraffin wax and serially sectioned, in a sagittal or in a transverse direction, at a thickness of 10 gm. The 33 embryos (in the 4tll to 9th week of gestation) that we studied correspond to the developmental stages from 11 to 23.
UMAC Worldwide Database of University Museums & Collections
Museum of Anatomy and Human Embryology
Musée d'anatomie et d'embryologie humaines
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium, Europe
Faculté de Médecine, bâtiment G, niveau 2, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles
Opening Hours: By appointment only.
Contact: Mme C. Tilmant anatemb@ulb.ac.be Phone: +32(0)2 555 63 76 Fax: +32(0)2 555 63 78
Links: http://www.brusselsmuseums.be/fr/musee/51-musée-d-anatomie-et-d-embryologie-humaines-musées-de-l-ulb
Musée d'anatomie et d'embryologie humaines Université Libre de Bruxelles
Description: The Museum presents anatomical preparations from the Faculty of Medicine covering several aspects of human anatomy, as well as a collection of embryos and foetuses. The Museum holds also a collection of ostheological pathologies.
http://publicus.culture.hu-berlin.de/collections/detail.php?dsn=3923
Collection of Histology & Embryology- University of Pavia=
Collezione di Istologia e embriologia- Università di Pavia
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Europe
Museum or Collection Type:
Medicine
Institutional Type:
Collection
Subject:
Embryology, Histology
Address:
Collection di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Medicina sperimentale, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia generale, via Forlanini, 10 - Pavia- ITALY
Opening Hours: The collection is closed to the public. Those with a research interest in the collection may visit by appointment.
Contact: Prof. Alberto Calligaro alberto.calligaro@unipv.it Phone: +39 (0)382987273 Links: http://musei.unipv.it/musei/en_2_coll_3_IE.html
Collezione di Istologia e embriologia- Università di Pavia
Collection di Istologia ed Embriologia
Dipartimento di Medicina sperimentale
Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia generale, via Forlanini, 10 - Pavia
Tel. +39.0382.987273
e-mail. alberto.calligaro (at) unipv.it
University of Pavia
Description:
The collection is built from materials prepared in the past for teaching and research in the Histology and Embryology section of the Medical faculty and includes: slides, consisting of histological sections of various tissues and organs, which date mostly from the first half of the twentieth century, wax embryological models and preparations from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, microscopes and other instruments dating to the first half of the twentieth century.
Collection: 10.000 items
Museum of Anatomy - Leiden University
Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands, Europe
Museum of Anatomy, University Medical Center/University Hospital
Museum or Collection Type: Medicine Institutional Type: Museum Subject: Anatomy, Embryology, Forensic Medicine, History of Medicine, Medicine, Osteology Opening Hours: By appointment
Links: Leiden University
Description: 5,000 anatomical specimens; 4.700 embryological specimens; 4,300 pathological specimens; 3,000 neuroanatomical specimens; 100 parasitological specimens; 5,000 microscopical embryological and 15,000 neuroanatomical specimens; extensive optometry collection. Further Reading: Dam, Andries J. van 2000. The interactions of preservative fluid, specimen container, and sealant in a fluid collection. Collection Forum 14 (1-2): 78-92.
Dam, Andries J. van 2000. The warping and cracking of Plexiglas™ specimen containers . Collection Forum 14 (1-2): 47-56.
Mulder, W. J. (ed.) Guide to the Museum of Anatomy and Embryology of the Leiden University. Anatomical Embryologycal Laboratory, Leiden.
Anonymous 2000. Leidse anatomie in Museum Boerhaave. Museum Boerhaave, Leiden.
Medical Museum Copenhagen
Medicinsk Museion Medical Museion
Museum or Collection Type: Medicine Institutional Type: Museum Subject: Anaesthesiology, Anatomy, Dentistry, Dermatology, Embryology, Endoscopy, Histology, History of Health Care, History of Medicine, History of Pharmacy, Medicine, Medicine Technology, Microbiology, Microscopy, Nursing Science, Obstetrics, Odontology Address: Fredericiagade 18, DK-1310 Copenhagen K (administration, collections and staff),, Bredgade 62, DK-1260 Copenhagen K (exhibitions)
Opening Hours: Wed, Thu, Fri and Sun 13-17h For more detailed information, see http:// www.museion.ku.dk
Contact: Head of Collections, Ion Meyer ion@sund.ku.dk med.hist.museum@mhm.ku.dk Phone: +4535323804 Fax: +4535323816
Additional information: For questions about research and teaching, please contact the Director of Medical Museion, Prof. Thomas Söderqvist, ths@sund.ku.dk For questions about public access, please contact public outreach officer Bente Vinge Pedersen, bvpn@sund.ku.dk For questions about exhibitions, please contact Head of Exhibitions, Camilla Mordhorst, cmo@sund.ku.dk Online: Biomedicine on Display: http://www.corporeality.net/museion Museionblog: http://www.museionblog.dk
Links: Medicinsk Museion University of Copenhagen
Description: Medical Museion is a department at the University of Copenhagen that integrates research, teaching, collections and exhibitions.
The collections contain approx. 200.000 items, including ophtalmological, odontological, radiological, surgical, etc. instruments, a large pharmaceutical collection, an anatomical (+ teratological) and an obstetric/gynaecological collection, and a paleoosteological collection (medieval leprosy skeletons).
In addition the department has a rare book collection and an archive.
Virtual Microscopy
Open Access Software
Google Earth
Virtual microscopy with Google-Earth: a step in the way for compatibility http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3849394
- GDAL a translator library for raster geospatial data formats http://www.gdal.org
- GDAL2Tiles http://www.klokan.cz/projects/gdal2tiles/
- MapTiler Map Overlay Generator for Google Maps and Google Earth http://www.maptiler.org
OpenLayers
- OpenLayers makes it easy to put a dynamic map in any web page. It can display map tiles and markers loaded from any source. http://openlayers.org
Slice
Used on BEST network.
The Open Microscopy Environment
http://www.openmicroscopy.org/site
http://downloads.openmicroscopy.org/omero/5.0.0/
Links: Talk:Embryo Virtual Slides
Virtual microscopy with Google-Earth: a step in the way for compatibility
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3849394
NYU Virtual Microscope
The NYU Virtual Microscope uses the Google Maps API to display, annotate, and navigate scanned slides.
https://code.google.com/p/virtualmicroscope/
https://code.google.com/p/virtualmicroscope/wiki/SlideTiler
Openslide
Appears to have died.
http://openslide.org/other-projects
Commercial software
Leica (Aperio)
- Digital SlideBox http://www.leicabiosystems.com/pathology-imaging/epathology/aperio-university/digital-slidebox/
- ImageScope http://www.leicabiosystems.com/pathology-imaging/epathology/aperio-university/imagescope/
- http://www.leicabiosystems.com/pathology-imaging/epathology/
SOMS UNSW Aperio ScanScope XT Slide Scanner
Olympus
- VS120-S5 http://www.olympusamerica.com/seg_section/product.asp?product=1087&c=9&intCmp=seg_rdir_vs120
- VS-ASW acquisition software http://www.olympusamerica.com/seg_section/product.asp?product=1089&c=10
- VS-NISSQL Net Image Server http://www.olympusamerica.com/seg_section/product.asp?product=1110&c=10
Zeiss
- Axio Scan.Z1 http://www.zeiss.com/microscopy/en_de/products/imaging-systems/axio-scan-z1.html
- ZEN browser http://www.zeiss.com/microscopy/en_de/products/imaging-systems/axio-scan-z1.html#organize---share
Other
- PathScan Enabler IV https://www.emsdiasum.com/microscopy/products/digital/histology_scanner.aspx ($2,195.00)
- 7200 dpi resolution, 3.5 microns per pixel
- scanner scans an area of 1.42 x 0.85 inches (36.14 x 21.59 mm)
- resulting in useable images up to 10,248 x 6,120 pixels, uninterpolated.
- File size can be as large as 188 megabytes.
- Produces image files which can be saved in a variety of formats including TIFF, PICT, BMP, GIF, etc. Compatible with PC Windows based computers.
- Sakura VisionTek http://www.sakura-americas.com/products/visiontek-digital-microscope.html
- 3DHISTECH http://www.laser2000.co.uk/slide_scanners.php
- MikroScan D2 http://www.mikroscan.com/whole-slide-scanners/mikroscan-d2/
JPG
- restriction of jpg files to a maximum size of 65,000 pixels (216)