Endocrine - Gonad Development: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
|||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Header}} | |||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
[[File:XXhpgaxis.jpg|thumb|Female HPG axis]] | [[File:XXhpgaxis.jpg|thumb|Female HPG axis]] | ||
Line 13: | Line 14: | ||
:{{Genital Links}} | :{{Genital Links}} | ||
{{Endocrine Links}} | |||
== Some Recent Findings == | == Some Recent Findings == | ||
Line 22: | Line 23: | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | |||
! More recent papers | |||
|- | |||
| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg|90px|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}} | |||
Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Endocrine+Gonad+Development ''Endocrine Gonad Development''] | |||
<pubmed limit=5>Endocrine Gonad Development</pubmed> | |||
|} | |||
HPG Axis - [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=endocrin&part=A972&rendertype=box&id=A1057 Endocrinology - Simplified diagram of the actions of gonadotrophins] | HPG Axis - [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=endocrin&part=A972&rendertype=box&id=A1057 Endocrinology - Simplified diagram of the actions of gonadotrophins] | ||
Revision as of 08:48, 26 May 2015
Embryology - 15 Jun 2024 Expand to Translate |
---|
Google Translate - select your language from the list shown below (this will open a new external page) |
العربية | català | 中文 | 中國傳統的 | français | Deutsche | עִברִית | हिंदी | bahasa Indonesia | italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | မြန်မာ | Pilipino | Polskie | português | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਦੇ | Română | русский | Español | Swahili | Svensk | ไทย | Türkçe | اردو | ייִדיש | Tiếng Việt These external translations are automated and may not be accurate. (More? About Translations) |
Introduction
The term gonad refers to both the female ovary and the male testis, which have their own topic pages.
This section of notes refers only to the development of the gonad as an endocrine organ. A detailed description of the gonad development is covered in both Ovary Development and Testis Development.
Embryonically, initial endocrine development of the testis is required for development of both the internal genital tract and the external genitalia.
Postnatally, the gonads are part of an integrated Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonad (HPG) axis.
| Lecture - Genital Development
Genital Links: genital | Lecture - Medicine | Lecture - Science | Lecture Movie | Medicine - Practical | primordial germ cell | meiosis | endocrine gonad | Genital Movies | genital abnormalities | Assisted Reproductive Technology | puberty | Category:Genital
| ||||
|
Endocrine Links: Introduction | BGD Lecture | Science Lecture | Lecture Movie | pineal | hypothalamus | pituitary | thyroid | parathyroid | thymus | pancreas | adrenal | endocrine gonad | endocrine placenta | other tissues | Stage 22 | endocrine abnormalities | Hormones | Category:Endocrine | ||
|
Some Recent Findings
|
More recent papers |
---|
This table allows an automated computer search of the external PubMed database using the listed "Search term" text link.
More? References | Discussion Page | Journal Searches | 2019 References | 2020 References Search term: Endocrine Gonad Development <pubmed limit=5>Endocrine Gonad Development</pubmed> |
HPG Axis - Endocrinology - Simplified diagram of the actions of gonadotrophins
Gonad Development
- mesoderm - mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme, primordial germ cells
- Gonadal ridge - mesothelium thickening, medial mesonephros
- Primordial Germ cells - yolk sac, to mesentery of hindgut, to genital ridge of developing kidney
Differentiation
- testis-determining factor (TDF) from Y chromosome: presence (testes), absence (ovaries)
Testis
- 8 Weeks, mesenchyme, interstitial cells (of Leydig) secrete testosterone, androstenedione
- 8 to 12 Weeks - hCG stimulates testosterone production
- Sustentacular cells - produce anti-mullerian hormone to puberty
Ovary
- X chromosome genes regulate ovary development
Male Hormone Levels
Human Male Testosterone and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) relative levels[2]
Steroidogenesis
Androgen and Digit ratio (2D:4D)
The ratio of 2nd and 4th finger (D, digit) length. This ratio has been suggested to relate to high fetal testosterone concentration (males have lower 2D:4D than females) and has been shown for several species.[3] Although a study in mice has not shown the same correlation.[4] There have been some suggestions that the ratio may also be an indicator of various neurological abnormalities.
To measure (2D:4D) - using your right hand palm up, measure the index finger (2) and ring finger (4) length from palm to tip. Dividing the index finger by the ring finger gives the 2D:4D ratio, average women ratio is 1, average men is 0.98.
Genital Links: genital | Lecture - Medicine | Lecture - Science | Lecture Movie | Medicine - Practical | primordial germ cell | meiosis | endocrine gonad | Genital Movies | genital abnormalities | Assisted Reproductive Technology | puberty | Category:Genital
| ||||
|
Adult Histology
References
- ↑ <pubmed>22238103</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>16544032</pubmed>| Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol.
- ↑ <pubmed>16504142</pubmed>
- ↑ <pubmed>19495421</pubmed>
Reviews
Articles
Search PubMed
Search Pubmed: endocrine gonad development
External Links
External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.
- Andrology Australia - Androgen deficiency PDF | Childhood and adolescence. Examination of male genitals and secondary sexual characteristics PDF
Additional Images
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 15) Embryology Endocrine - Gonad Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Endocrine_-_Gonad_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G