Maternal-Fetal Medicine Trainees - Renal

Introduction

Adult nephron structure

<Flowplayer width="320" height="230" autoplay="true">Renal_001.flv</Flowplayer>

Quicktime version

Early Renal Development

This animation shows the process of early renal (kidney) development.

Legend

Uteric Bud - developing ureter, pelvis, calyces, collecting ducts
Metanephric Blastema (intermediate mesoderm) - developing glomeruli, capsule, nephron tubules

Links: Quicktime version | Animation - Urogenital Sinus | Renal System Development

Textbooks

Moore, K.L. & Persuad, T.V.N. (2008). The Developing Human: clinically oriented embryology (8^th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.

The following chapter links only work with a UNSW connection and can also be accessed through this UNSW Library connection.

Chapter 12 - The Urogenital System

Schoenwolf, G.C., Bleyl, S.B., Brauer, P.R. and Francis-West, P.H. (2009). Larsen’s Human Embryology (4^th ed.). New York; Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.

The following chapter links only work with a UNSW connection and can also be accessed through this UNSW Library connection.

Chapter 15 - Development of the Urogenital System

Hill, M.A. (2011) UNSW Embryology (11^th ed.). Sydney:UNSW.

Renal System Development

Links: More Embryology Textbooks

Ten Most Frequently Reported Birth Anomalies

Based upon statistics from the Victorian Perinatal Data Collection Unit in Victoria (Australia) between 2003-2004.

	Hypospadias (More? Development Animation - Genital Male External \| Genital Abnormalities - Hypospadia)
	Obstructive Defects of the Renal Pelvis (obstructive defects of the renal pelvis, uteropelvic junction obstruction, pelvo-uterero junction obstruction) Term describing a developmental renal abnormality due to partial or complete blockage of the drainage of the kidney pelvis requiring surgical correction. The blockage can also have several causes including: unusual ureter twisting or bending, ureter compression by a blood vessel, malformations of the muscular wall. The blockage leads to an accumulation of urine in the affected region, with several potential effects: nephron damage from compression (hydronephrosis); decreased urine output leading to lack of amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios); respiratory development effects due to the lack of amniotic fluid. The most common type of obstruction is at the uteropelvic junction (UPJ), between the junction of the ureter and the kidney. Blockage lower as the ureter enters the bladder, the ureterovesicular junction (UVJ), usually involves only one kidney and the back flow enlarges the affected ureter (megaureter). (More? Renal System - Abnormalities \| Renal System Development)
	Ventricular Septal Defect (More? Cardiovascular Abnormalities - Ventricular Septal Defect) Heart Development Timeline (see Basic Cardiac Embryology)
	Congenital Dislocated Hip (More? Musculoskelal Abnormalities - Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (CDH)) (DHH, congenital dislocated hip, congenital hip dislocation, congenital hip dysplasia) Term describes a spectrum of musculoskeletal disorders of hip instability due either to the femoral head being able to move outside the acetabulum (luxation or dislocation), or abnormally within the acetabulum (subluxation or partial dislocation). This includes presentation following a normal examination of the hips in the newborn period (Ortolani and Barlow tests). When detected can be managed with splinting (Denis-Browne splint) allows the hip joint to develop normally and does not require surgery. If undetected and left untreated, the hip joint develops abnormally and surgical reduction is required. (More? Musculoskeletal System Development)
	Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome - (More? Trisomy 21)
	Hydrocephalus (More? Neural Abnormalities - Hydrocephalus \| NINDS - Hydrocephalus Fact Sheet \| Hydrocephalus Support Association \| USA National Hydrocephalus Foundation)
	Cleft Palate (More? Development Animation - Palate 1 \| Development Animation - Palate 2 \| Cleft Palate)
	Trisomy 18 or Edward Syndrome - multiple abnormalities of the heart, diaphragm, lungs, kidneys, ureters and palate 86% discontinued (More? Trisomy 18)
	Renal Agenesis/Dysgenesis - reduction in neonatal death and stillbirth since 1993 may be due to the more severe cases being identified in utero and being represented amongst the increased proportion of terminations (approximately 31%). (More? Renal Abnormalities - Renal Agenesis)
	Cleft Lip and Palate - occur with another defect in 33.7% of cases. (More? Cleft Lip)

Glossary Links

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 2) Embryology Maternal-Fetal Medicine Trainees - Renal. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Maternal-Fetal_Medicine_Trainees_-_Renal

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