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A Glossary of Histological and Micro-Anatomical Terms

Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Including historical origins and eponyms compiled by Dr Brian Freeman, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, revised 2000.

ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Historic Terminology | Embryology Glossary

Abbreviations: ( ) plural form in brackets, A. Arabic, abb. abbreviation, c. circa =about, F. French adj. adjective, G. Greek, Ge. German, cf. compare, L. Latin, dim. diminutive, NA. Nomina anatomica, q.v. which see, OF. Old French

H-band abb. of Hell-band Ge. hell = light + band; also Henle's band; light band within A-band of the myofibril.

haematocrit G. haima = blood + krinein = to separate; the proportion by volume of erythrocytes (packed by centrifugation of a thin tube containing blood).

Haematoxylin a basic dye from a South American tree; its oxidation product haematein is used with mordants for histological staining of nucleic acids.

haemopoiesis G. haima = blood + poiein = to make; production of the cellular elements of blood, in bone marrow, etc. (also haematopoiesis).

Haller, Albrecht von. 1708-1777 Göttingen anatomist, surgeon & botanist; eminent scientist & poet; dissected over 400 cadavers and wrote extensive anatomical bibliography; ductulus aberrans of H. = a diverticulum of the canal of the ductus epididymidis; H.'s layer = vascular lamina of the choroid, q.v.; H.'s rete = rete testis.

haploid G. haplos = plain, simple; having the simplest (i.e., single) set of self-contained chromosomes in germ cells; cf. diploid.

Hartmann, Robert. 1831-1893 German anatomist; H.'s pouch = outpouching of gall bladder near its junction with cystic duct.

Hassall, Arthur Hill. 1817-1894 London chemist, botanist & physician; H.'s corpuscles = concentrically laminated corpuscles of thymus (1846).

haustrum (-a) L. haurire = to draw water in a bucket; sacculated pouches of colon.

Havers, Clopton. ?1655,1657-1702 London physician & anatomist; Haversian canals = minute vascular canals in compact bone (1691); Haversian glands = pads, folds or fringes containing fat in a synovial membrane (1691); Haversian lamellae = bony lamellae in an osteon (1691); Haversian system = an osteon (1691), q.v.; cf. Leeuwenhoek's canals.

Heidenhain, Martin. 1864-1949 Tübingen pathologist & histologist; H.'s azan = a histological dye; H.'s crescent cells = serous demilunes.

Heidenhain, Rudolph Peter Heinrich. 1834-1897 Breslau physiologist & histologist; described gastric parietal cells.

Heister, Lorenz. 1638-1758 Altdorf anatomist, surgeon & botanist; Helmstädt surgeon & botanist; H.'s valve = spiral folds of cystic duct.

helicine adj. G. helix = coil, snail; e.g, helicine arteries of ovarian medulla, penis, etc.

helicotrema G. " + trema = a hole; union of scala tympani and scala vestibuli at apex of cochlear canal.

hemidesmosome G. hemi = half + desmosome; found in cells of basal stratum of stratified epithelia.

Henle, Freidrich Gustav Jacob. 1809-1885 Zurich, Heidelberg & Göttingen anatomist; loop of H. = ansa nephronis (q.v.) of renal tubule (1866); endoneurium; H.'s layer = outer layer of cells of inner root sheath of hair follicle.

Hensen, Victor. 1835-1924 Kiel physiologist & embryologist; H.'s duct = ductus reuniens of membranous labyrinth; H.'s knot (or node) of embryonic disc; H.'s line = light band in middle of dark band of sarcomere = H-band, q.v.

hepatocyte G. hepar = liver + kytos = hollow vessel; liver parenchymal cell.

Herring, Percy T. 1872-1967 St. Andrews physiologist; H. bodies = axonal varicosities containing granules of neurophysins (q.v.) in pars nervosa of hypophysis.

heterochromatin G. heteros = other + chromatin ; other than euchromatin.

Highmore, Nathaniel. 1613-1685 Dorsetshire physician; body of Highmore = mediastinum testis (1651).

hilum or hilus (-a) L. = a trifle; depression in a seed; a depression at vascular entrance/exit of a gland or organ.

hircus (-ci) L. = a he-goat; hair of arm-pits which had a goat-like smell; tragus of pinna with its tuft of goat's-beard-like hairs.

His, Wilhelm (the elder). 1831-1904 Basle, Leipzig anatomist; copula of H. = bond joining ventral ends of third pharyngeal arches in embryo (1880).

His, Wilhelm (the younger). 1863-1934 Leipzig, Basle, Göttingen & Berlin anatomist; bundle of H. = atrioventricular bundle of conducting tissue in heart (1893).

histiocyte a macrophage, q.v.

histochemistry G. histos = web, tissue + chemeia = chemistry; application of specific chemical reagents to a histological section to reveal the location (topography) of natural substances within the various tissues of the section; cf. cytochemistry.

histology G. histos = web, woven material, sail of a ship + logos = knowledge, study; microscopic anatomy, as opposed to macroscopic anatomy.

Hoboken, Nicolas van. 1632-1678 Harderwyck anatomist; valves of H. = internal valve-like folds of umbilical vessels.

holocrine G. holos = entire + krinein = to separate; a type of secretion where entire cell forms the secretory product, as in sebaceous glands.

Hooke, Robert. 1635-1703 English scientist; skilled in use of compound microscope; described cells in cork.

Howship John, 1781-1841, English surgeon; H.'s lacunae or foveolae= small depressions in bone where resporption of bone by osteoclasts takes place.

humour L. umor = a fluid; aqueous humour and vitreous humour of the eye.

Huxley, Thomas Henry. 1825-1895 English anatomist & naturalist; H.'s layer = the layer of cells lying inside Henle's layer (q.v.) in root-sheath of hair follicle,

hyaline adj. G. hyalos = glassy, translucent, crystalline; hyaline cartilage with its glassy appearance.

hyaloid adj. G. " + -oeides = form of.

hyaluronidase testicular enzyme, present in semen, depolymerises hyaluronic acid of ground substance.

hydatid G. hydatis = watery vesicle; a cyst; e.g., appendix testis is the hydatid of Morgagni.

hydroxyapatite crystalline, inorganic component of matrix of mature bone.

hymen G. = a membrane, also Greek god of marriage; membrane partially covering entrance to vagina (Vesalius, c. 1550).

hyperplasia G. hyper = above, an excess of + plassein = to form; growth of organ due to increase in cell number.

hypertrophy G. " + trophe = nourishment; growth of organ or tissue (e.g., muscle) due to increase in cell size.

hypodermis G. hypo = under, a lack of + dermis ; subcutaneous connective tissue = superficial fascia.

hyponychium G. " + onyx = nail; thickened stratum corneum under the free end of a nail.

hypophysis G. = an undergrowth; pituitary gland under the brain; cf. epiphysis.

hypoplasia G. " + plassein = to form; reduction in tissue or organ size.

hypothalamus G. " + thalamus ; below the thalamus, q.v.

Histology Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ANAT2241 Support | Histology | Histology Stains | Embryology Glossary

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Histology Glossary - H. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Histology_Glossary_-_H

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 {{Histology Glossary header}}
+'''H-band''' abb. of '''Hell-band''' Ge.  ''hell '' = light + band; also Henle's band; light band within A-band of the myofibril.
+'''haematocrit''' G.  ''haima '' = blood +  ''krinein '' = to separate; the proportion by volume of erythrocytes (packed by centrifugation of a thin tube containing blood).
+'''Haematoxylin''' a basic dye from a South American tree; its oxidation product haematein is used with mordants for histological staining of nucleic acids.
+'''haemopoiesis''' G.  ''haima '' = blood +  ''poiein '' = to make; production of the cellular elements of blood, in bone marrow, etc. (also haematopoiesis).
+'''Haller''', Albrecht von. 1708-1777 G&ouml;ttingen anatomist, surgeon &amp; botanist; eminent scientist &amp; poet;''' '''dissected over 400 cadavers and wrote extensive anatomical bibliography; ductulus aberrans of H. = a diverticulum of the canal of the ductus epididymidis; H.'s layer = vascular lamina of the choroid, q.v.; H.'s rete = rete testis.
+'''haploid '''G.  ''haplos '' = plain, simple; having the simplest (i.e., single) set of self-contained chromosomes in germ cells; cf. diploid.
+'''Hartmann''', Robert. 1831-1893 German anatomist; H.'s pouch = outpouching of gall bladder near its junction with cystic duct.
+'''Hassall''', Arthur Hill. 1817-1894 London chemist, botanist &amp; physician; H.'s corpuscles = concentrically laminated corpuscles of thymus (1846).
+'''haustrum''' '''(-a)''' L.  ''haurire '' = to draw water in a bucket; sacculated pouches of colon.
+'''Havers''', Clopton. ?1655,1657-1702 London physician &amp; anatomist; Haversian canals = minute vascular canals in compact bone (1691); Haversian glands = pads, folds or fringes containing fat in a synovial membrane (1691); Haversian lamellae = bony lamellae in an osteon (1691); Haversian system = an osteon (1691), q.v.; cf. Leeuwenhoek's canals.
+'''Heidenhain''', Martin. 1864-1949 T&uuml;bingen pathologist &amp; histologist; H.'s azan = a histological dye; H.'s crescent cells = serous demilunes.
+'''Heidenhain''', Rudolph Peter Heinrich. 1834-1897 Breslau physiologist &amp; histologist; described gastric parietal cells.
+'''Heister''', Lorenz. 1638-1758 Altdorf anatomist, surgeon &amp; botanist; Helmst&auml;dt surgeon &amp; botanist;''' '''H.'s valve = spiral folds of cystic duct.
+'''helicine''' adj. G.  ''helix '' = coil, snail; e.g, helicine arteries of ovarian medulla, penis, etc.
+'''helicotrema''' G. " +  ''trema '' = a hole; union of scala tympani and scala vestibuli at apex of cochlear canal.
+'''hemidesmosome''' G.  ''hemi '' = half + desmosome; found in cells of basal stratum of stratified epithelia.
+'''Henle''', Freidrich Gustav Jacob. 1809-1885 Zurich, Heidelberg &amp; G&ouml;ttingen anatomist; loop of H. = ansa nephronis (q.v.) of renal tubule (1866); endoneurium; H.'s layer = outer layer of cells of inner root sheath of hair follicle.
+'''Hensen''',''' '''Victor. 1835-1924 Kiel physiologist &amp; embryologist; H.'s duct = ductus reuniens of membranous labyrinth; H.'s knot (or node) of embryonic disc; H.'s line = light band in middle of dark band of sarcomere = H-band, q.v.
+'''hepatocyte''' G.  ''hepar '' = liver +  ''kytos '' = hollow vessel; liver parenchymal cell.
+'''Herring''', Percy T. 1872-1967 St. Andrews physiologist; H. bodies = axonal varicosities containing granules of neurophysins (q.v.) in pars nervosa of hypophysis.
+'''heterochromatin''' G.  ''heteros '' = other +  ''chromatin ''; other than euchromatin.
+'''Highmore''',''' '''Nathaniel. 1613-1685 Dorsetshire physician;''' '''body of Highmore = mediastinum testis (1651).
+'''hilum '''or '''hilus''' '''(-a)''' L. = a trifle; depression in a seed; a depression at vascular entrance/exit of a gland or organ.
+'''hircus (-ci) '''L. = a he-goat; hair of arm-pits which had a goat-like smell; tragus of pinna with its tuft of goat's-beard-like hairs.
+'''His''', Wilhelm (the elder). 1831-1904 Basle, Leipzig anatomist; copula of H. = bond joining ventral ends of third pharyngeal arches in embryo (1880).
+'''His''', Wilhelm (the younger). ''' '''1863-1934''' ''' Leipzig, Basle, G&ouml;ttingen &amp; Berlin anatomist;''' '''bundle of H. = atrioventricular bundle of conducting tissue in heart (1893).
+'''histiocyte ''' a macrophage, q.v.
+'''histochemistry '''G.  ''histos '' = web, tissue +  ''chemeia '' = chemistry; application of specific chemical reagents to a histological section to reveal the location (topography) of natural substances within the various tissues of the section; cf. cytochemistry.
+'''histology''' G.  ''histos '' = web, woven material, sail of a ship +  ''logos '' = knowledge, study; microscopic anatomy, as opposed to macroscopic anatomy.
+'''Hoboken''', Nicolas van. 1632-1678 Harderwyck anatomist; valves of H. = internal valve-like folds of umbilical vessels.
+'''holocrine''' G.  ''holos '' = entire +  ''krinein '' = to separate; a type of secretion where entire cell forms the secretory product, as in sebaceous glands.
+'''Hooke''', Robert. 1635-1703 English scientist; skilled in use of compound microscope; described cells in cork.
+'''Howship '''John, 1781-1841, English surgeon; H.'s lacunae or foveolae= small depressions in bone where resporption of bone by osteoclasts takes place.
+'''humour '''L.  ''umor '' = a fluid; aqueous humour and vitreous humour of the eye.
+'''Huxley''', Thomas Henry. 1825-1895 English anatomist &amp; naturalist; H.'s layer = the layer of cells lying inside Henle's layer (q.v.) in root-sheath of hair follicle,
+'''hyaline''' adj. G.  ''hyalos '' = glassy, translucent, crystalline; hyaline cartilage with its glassy appearance.
+'''hyaloid''' adj. G. " +  ''-oeides '' = form of.
+'''hyaluronidase''' testicular enzyme, present in semen, depolymerises hyaluronic acid of ground substance.
+'''hydatid '''G.  ''hydatis '' = watery vesicle; a cyst; e.g., appendix testis is the hydatid of Morgagni.
+'''hydroxyapatite '''crystalline, inorganic component of matrix of mature bone.
+'''hymen''' G. = a membrane, also Greek god of marriage; membrane partially covering entrance to vagina (Vesalius, c. 1550).
+'''hyperplasia''' G.  ''hyper '' = above, an excess of +  ''plassein '' = to form; growth of organ due to increase in cell number.
+'''hypertrophy''' G. " +  ''trophe '' = nourishment; growth of organ or tissue (e.g., muscle) due to increase in cell size.
+'''hypodermis''' G.  ''hypo '' = under, a lack of +  ''dermis ''; subcutaneous connective tissue = superficial fascia.
+'''hyponychium''' G. " +  ''onyx '' = nail; thickened stratum corneum under the free end of a nail.
+'''hypophysis''' G. = an undergrowth; pituitary gland under the brain; cf. epiphysis.
+'''hypoplasia''' G. " +  ''plassein '' = to form; reduction in tissue or organ size.
+'''hypothalamus '''G. " +  ''thalamus ''; below the thalamus, q.v.