Chicken stages: Difference between revisions
Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>Early cleavage</center> | | <center>Early cleavage</center> | ||
| 3.5-4.5 hr | | 3.5 - 4.5 hr | ||
| Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | ||
Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>Late cleavage</center> | | <center>Late cleavage</center> | ||
| 4.5-24.0 hr | | 4.5 - 24.0 hr | ||
| Shell of egg formed in uterus | | Shell of egg formed in uterus | ||
Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>2</center> | | <center>2</center> | ||
| 6-7 hr | | 6 - 7 hr | ||
| Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>3</center> | | <center>3</center> | ||
| 12-13 hr | | 12 - 13 hr | ||
| Intermediate primitive streak | | Intermediate primitive streak | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>4</center> | | <center>4</center> | ||
| 18-19 hr | | 18 - 19 hr | ||
| Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>5</center> | | <center>5</center> | ||
| 19-22 hr | | 19 - 22 hr | ||
| Head process (notochord) | | Head process (notochord) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>6</center> | | <center>6</center> | ||
| 23-25 hr | | 23 - 25 hr | ||
| Head fold | | Head fold | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>7</center> | | <center>7</center> | ||
| 23-26 hr | | 23 - 26 hr | ||
| 1 somite; neural folds | | 1 somite; neural folds | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>7 to 8-</center> | | <center>7 to 8-</center> | ||
| ca. 23-26 hr | | ca. 23 - 26 hr | ||
| 1-3 somites; coelom | | 1-3 somites; coelom | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>8</center> | | <center>8</center> | ||
| 26-29 hr | | 26 - 29 hr | ||
| 4 somites; blood islands | | 4 somites; blood islands | ||
Line 102: | Line 102: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>11</center> | | <center>11</center> | ||
| 40-45 hr | | 40 - 45 hr | ||
| 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>12</center> | | <center>12</center> | ||
| 45-49 hr | | 45 - 49 hr | ||
| 16 somites; telencephalon | | 16 somites; telencephalon | ||
Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>13+ to 14-</center> | | <center>13+ to 14-</center> | ||
| ca. 50-52 hr | | ca. 50 - 52 hr | ||
| 20-21 somites; tail bud | | 20-21 somites; tail bud | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>14</center> | | <center>14</center> | ||
| 50-53 hr | | 50 - 53 hr | ||
| 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>14+ to 15-</center> | | <center>14+ to 15-</center> | ||
| ca. 50-54 hr | | ca. 50 - 54 hr | ||
| 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>15</center> | | <center>15</center> | ||
| 50-55 hr | | 50 - 55 hr | ||
| 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>16</center> | | <center>16</center> | ||
| 51-56 hr | | 51 - 56 hr | ||
| 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>17</center> | | <center>17</center> | ||
| 52-64 hr | | 52 - 64 hr | ||
| 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | ||
Line 152: | Line 152: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>19</center> | | <center>19</center> | ||
| 3.0-3.5 da | | 3.0 - 3.5 da | ||
| 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>20</center> | | <center>20</center> | ||
| 3.0-3.5 da | | 3.0 - 3.5 da | ||
| 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | ||
Line 167: | Line 167: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>22</center> | | <center>22</center> | ||
| 3.5-4.0 da | | 3.5 - 4.0 da | ||
| Somites extend to tip of tail | | Somites extend to tip of tail | ||
Line 182: | Line 182: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>25</center> | | <center>25</center> | ||
| 4.5-5.0 da | | 4.5 - 5.0 da | ||
| Elbow and knee joints | | Elbow and knee joints | ||
Line 192: | Line 192: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>27</center> | | <center>27</center> | ||
| 5.0-5.5 da | | 5.0 - 5.5 da | ||
| Beak | | Beak | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>28</center> | | <center>28</center> | ||
| 5.5-6.0 da | | 5.5 - 6.0 da | ||
| 3 digits, 4 toes | | 3 digits, 4 toes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>29</center> | | <center>29</center> | ||
| 6.0-6.5 da | | 6.0 - 6.5 da | ||
| Rudiment of 5th toe | | Rudiment of 5th toe | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>30</center> | | <center>30</center> | ||
| 6.5-7.0 da | | 6.5 - 7.0 da | ||
| Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>31</center> | | <center>31</center> | ||
| 7.0-7.5 da | | 7.0 - 7.5 da | ||
| Web between 1st and 2nd digits | | Web between 1st and 2nd digits | ||
Line 222: | Line 222: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>33</center> | | <center>33</center> | ||
| 7.5-8.0 da | | 7.5 - 8.0 da | ||
| Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | ||
Line 232: | Line 232: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>35</center> | | <center>35</center> | ||
| 8.5-9.0 da | | 8.5 - 9.0 da | ||
| Phalanges in toes | | Phalanges in toes | ||
Line 282: | Line 282: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>45</center> | | <center>45</center> | ||
| 19-20 da | | 19 - 20 da | ||
| Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>46</center> | | <center>46</center> | ||
| 20-21 da | | 20 - 21 da | ||
| Newly-hatched chick | | Newly-hatched chick | ||
Revision as of 11:02, 27 August 2011
Introduction
Hamburger & Hamilton staged the chicken embryo in 1951.[1] The original paper had approx 25 citations between 1955 - 59, while in the year 1991 alone there were over 300 citations. Series of Embryonic Chicken Growth. J. Morphology, 88 49 - 92 (1951). Atlas recently republished by J.R. Sanes in Developmental Dynamics 195 229-275 (1992).
The table below describes feature of the chicken that can be seen at specific times (mean of a range) after fertilization. Some of the stages can be clicked to see sample embryo pictures on another page.
There is also an comparisons with the alternative universal Witschi staging and, on another page, the staging of embryos.
Hamburger Hamilton Stages
3.5 - 4.5 hr | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | |
Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | ||
4.5 - 24.0 hr | Shell of egg formed in uterus | |
Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | ||
6 - 7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | |
12 - 13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak | |
18 - 19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | |
19 - 22 hr | Head process (notochord) | |
23 - 25 hr | Head fold | |
23 - 26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds | |
ca. 23 - 26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom | |
26 - 29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands | |
29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | |
ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold | |
33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | |
40 - 45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | |
45 - 49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon | |
48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal | |
ca. 50 - 52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud | |
50 - 53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | |
ca. 50 - 54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | |
50 - 55 hr | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | |
51 - 56 hr | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | |
52 - 64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | |
3 da | 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | |
3.0 - 3.5 da | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | |
3.0 - 3.5 da | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | |
3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 | |
3.5 - 4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail | |
4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line | |
4.5 da | Toe plate | |
4.5 - 5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints | |
5 da | 1st 3 toes | |
5.0 - 5.5 da | Beak | |
5.5 - 6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes | |
6.0 - 6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe | |
6.5 - 7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | |
7.0 - 7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits | |
7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | |
7.5 - 8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | |
8 da | Nictitating membrane | |
8.5 - 9.0 da | Phalanges in toes | |
10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | |
11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm | |
12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | |
13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm | |
14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm | |
15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9±0.8 mm | |
16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm | |
17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6±0.8 mm | |
18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm | |
19 - 20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | |
20 - 21 da | Newly-hatched chick |
Standard Stage Comparison
Hamburger Hamilton Stages | |||
3,4 | Early cleavage | 3.5-4.5 hr2 | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct |
5,6 | During cleavage | Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | |
7 | Late cleavage | 4.5-24.0 hr2 | Shell of egg formed in uterus |
8,9 | 1 | Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | |
10 | 2 | 6-7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long |
11 | 3 | 12-13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak |
12 | 4 | 18-19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long |
13a | 5 | 19-22 hr | Head process (notochord) |
13b | 6 | 23-25 hr | Head fold |
14a | 7 | 23-26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds |
14b | 7 to 8- | ca. 23-26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom |
14c | 8 | 26-29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands |
15a | 9 | 29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles |
15b | 9+ to 10- | ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold |
15c | 10 | 33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles |
16a | 11 | 40-45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain |
16b | 12 | 45-49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon |
16c | 13 | 48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal |
17a | 13+ to 14- | ca. 50-52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud |
17b | 14 | 50-53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 |
17c | 14+ to 15- | ca. 50-54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities |
17d | 15 | 50-55 hr | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 |
18 | 16 | 51-56 hr | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold |
19 | 17 | 52-64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis |
20 | 18 | 3 da | 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois |
21 | 19 | 3.0-3.5 da | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process |
22 | 20 | 3.0-3.5 da | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment |
23 | 21 | 3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 |
24 | 22 | 3.5-4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail |
25 | 23 | 4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line |
26 | 24 | 4.5 da | Toe plate |
27 | 25 | 4.5-5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints |
28 | 26 | 5 da | 1st 3 toes |
29 | 27 | 5.0-5.5 da | Beak |
30 | 28 | 5.5-6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes |
31 | 29 | 6.0-6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe |
32 | 30 | 6.5-7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth |
33a | 31 | 7.0-7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits |
33b | 32 | 7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak |
34a | 33 | 7.5-8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit |
34b | 34 | 8 da | Nictitating membrane |
34c | 35 | 8.5-9.0 da | Phalanges in toes |
34d | 36 | 10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland |
34e | 37 | 11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm |
34f | 38 | 12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm |
35a | 39 | 13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm |
35b | 40 | 14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm |
35c | 41 | 15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9±0.8 mm |
35d | 42 | 16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm |
35e | 43 | 17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6±0.8 mm |
35f | 44 | 18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm |
36a | 45 | 19-20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo |
36b | 46 | 20-21 da | Newly-hatched chick |
Modified from: GROWTH Altman, P.L. and Dittmer, D.S. (ed) Biological Handbooks, FASEB (1962)
References
- ↑ <pubmed>1304821</pubmed>
Other Chicken Atlases
- Vertebrate and Invertebrate Embryos (7th Edition) G.C. Schoenwolf, Prentice Hall, New Jersey
- An Atlas of Embryology (1975) W.H. Freeman and B. Bracegirdle, Heinemann Educational Books, UK.
- This is an ATLAS (no description of development) , asically reprinted from the original 1963 edition.
- Photos with labelled diagrams covering Amphioxus (worm) Frog, Chicken.
- An Atlas for Staging Mammalian and Chick Embryos (1987) H. Bultler and B.H. Juurlink, CRC Press Inc., Florida
- This ATLAS is not a complete series of development but has interesting comparisons of species.
Mostly photos of embryos with a few drawn diagrams and a series of staging correlation graphs.
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 27) Embryology Chicken stages. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Chicken_stages
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G