Chicken stages: Difference between revisions
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| colspan=" | | colspan="4" | <center>'''After Laying'''</center> | ||
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| <center>1</center> | | <center>1</center> | ||
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Line 51: | Line 50: | ||
| 6 - 7 hr | | 6 - 7 hr | ||
| Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>3</center> | | <center>3</center> | ||
| 12 - 13 hr | | 12 - 13 hr | ||
Line 61: | Line 60: | ||
| 18 - 19 hr | | 18 - 19 hr | ||
| Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>5</center> | | <center>5</center> | ||
| 19 - 22 hr | | 19 - 22 hr | ||
Line 71: | Line 70: | ||
| 23 - 25 hr | | 23 - 25 hr | ||
| Head fold | | Head fold | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>7</center> | | <center>7</center> | ||
| 23 - 26 hr | | 23 - 26 hr | ||
Line 81: | Line 80: | ||
| ca. 23 - 26 hr | | ca. 23 - 26 hr | ||
| 1-3 somites; coelom | | 1-3 somites; coelom | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>8</center> | | <center>8</center> | ||
| 26 - 29 hr | | 26 - 29 hr | ||
Line 91: | Line 90: | ||
| 29-33 hr | | 29-33 hr | ||
| 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>9+ to 10-</center> | | <center>9+ to 10-</center> | ||
| ca. 33 hr | | ca. 33 hr | ||
Line 101: | Line 100: | ||
| 33-38 hr | | 33-38 hr | ||
| 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>11</center> | | <center>11</center> | ||
| 40 - 45 hr | | 40 - 45 hr | ||
Line 113: | Line 112: | ||
| [[:File:Heart chicken embryo stage 12.jpg|Heart]] | | [[:File:Heart chicken embryo stage 12.jpg|Heart]] | ||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>13</center> | | <center>13</center> | ||
| 48-52 hr | | 48-52 hr | ||
Line 122: | Line 121: | ||
| ca. 50 - 52 hr | | ca. 50 - 52 hr | ||
| 20-21 somites; tail bud | | 20-21 somites; tail bud | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>14</center> | | <center>14</center> | ||
| 50 - 53 hr | | 50 - 53 hr | ||
Line 132: | Line 131: | ||
| ca. 50 - 54 hr | | ca. 50 - 54 hr | ||
| 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>15</center> | | <center>15</center> | ||
| 50 - 55 hr | | 50 - 55 hr | ||
| 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | | 24 - 27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>16</center> | | <center>16</center> | ||
| 51 - 56 hr | | 51 - 56 hr | ||
| 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | | 26 - 28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | ||
| [[:File:Heart chicken embryo stage 16.jpg|Heart]] | | [[:File:Heart chicken embryo stage 16.jpg|Heart]] | ||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>17</center> | | <center>17</center> | ||
| 52 - 64 hr | | 52 - 64 hr | ||
Line 152: | Line 151: | ||
| <center>18</center> | | <center>18</center> | ||
| 3 da | | 3 da | ||
| 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | | 30 - 36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>19</center> | | <center>19</center> | ||
| 3.0 - 3.5 da | | 3.0 - 3.5 da | ||
| 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | | 37 - 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>20</center> | | <center>20</center> | ||
| 3.0 - 3.5 da | | 3.0 - 3.5 da | ||
| 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | | 40 - 43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>21</center> | | <center>21</center> | ||
| 3.5 da | | 3.5 da | ||
Line 174: | Line 173: | ||
| 3.5 - 4.0 da | | 3.5 - 4.0 da | ||
| Somites extend to tip of tail | | Somites extend to tip of tail | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>23</center> | | <center>23</center> | ||
| 4 da | | 4 da | ||
Line 184: | Line 183: | ||
| 4.5 da | | 4.5 da | ||
| Toe plate | | Toe plate | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>25</center> | | <center>25</center> | ||
| 4.5 - 5.0 da | | 4.5 - 5.0 da | ||
Line 195: | Line 194: | ||
| 5 da | | 5 da | ||
| 1st 3 toes | | 1st 3 toes | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>27</center> | | <center>27</center> | ||
| 5.0 - 5.5 da | | 5.0 - 5.5 da | ||
Line 205: | Line 204: | ||
| 5.5 - 6.0 da | | 5.5 - 6.0 da | ||
| 3 digits, 4 toes | | 3 digits, 4 toes | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>29</center> | | <center>29</center> | ||
| 6.0 - 6.5 da | | 6.0 - 6.5 da | ||
Line 215: | Line 214: | ||
| 6.5 - 7.0 da | | 6.5 - 7.0 da | ||
| Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>31</center> | | <center>31</center> | ||
| 7.0 - 7.5 da | | 7.0 - 7.5 da | ||
Line 225: | Line 224: | ||
| 7.5 da | | 7.5 da | ||
| Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>33</center> | | <center>33</center> | ||
| 7.5 - 8.0 da | | 7.5 - 8.0 da | ||
Line 235: | Line 234: | ||
| 8 da | | 8 da | ||
| Nictitating membrane | | Nictitating membrane | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>35</center> | | <center>35</center> | ||
| 8.5 - 9.0 da | | 8.5 - 9.0 da | ||
Line 245: | Line 244: | ||
| 10 da | | 10 da | ||
| Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>37</center> | | <center>37</center> | ||
| 11 da | | 11 da | ||
Line 255: | Line 254: | ||
| 12 da | | 12 da | ||
| Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>39</center> | | <center>39</center> | ||
| 13 da | | 13 da | ||
Line 265: | Line 264: | ||
| 14 da | | 14 da | ||
| Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm | | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>41</center> | | <center>41</center> | ||
| 15 da | | 15 da | ||
Line 275: | Line 274: | ||
| 16 da | | 16 da | ||
| Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm | | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>43</center> | | <center>43</center> | ||
| 17 da | | 17 da | ||
Line 285: | Line 284: | ||
| 18 da | | 18 da | ||
| Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm | | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm | ||
| | |||
|- | |-bgcolor="F5FAFF" | ||
| <center>45</center> | | <center>45</center> | ||
| 19 - 20 da | | 19 - 20 da |
Revision as of 11:23, 27 August 2011
Introduction
Hamburger & Hamilton staged the chicken embryo in 1951.[1] The original paper had approx 25 citations between 1955 - 59, while in the year 1991 alone there were over 300 citations. Series of Embryonic Chicken Growth. J. Morphology, 88 49 - 92 (1951). Atlas recently republished by J.R. Sanes in Developmental Dynamics 195 229-275 (1992).
The table below describes feature of the chicken that can be seen at specific times (mean of a range) after fertilization. Some of the stages can be clicked to see sample embryo pictures on another page.
There is also an comparisons with the alternative universal Witschi staging and, on another page, the staging of embryos.
Hamburger Hamilton Stages
3.5 - 4.5 hr | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct | ||
Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | |||
4.5 - 24.0 hr | Shell of egg formed in uterus | ||
Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | |||
6 - 7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long | ||
12 - 13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak | ||
18 - 19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long | ||
19 - 22 hr | Head process (notochord) | ||
23 - 25 hr | Head fold | ||
23 - 26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds | ||
ca. 23 - 26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom | ||
26 - 29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands | ||
29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles | ||
ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold | ||
33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles | ||
40 - 45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain | ||
45 - 49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon | Heart | |
48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal | ||
ca. 50 - 52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud | ||
50 - 53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 | ||
ca. 50 - 54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities | ||
50 - 55 hr | 24 - 27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 | ||
51 - 56 hr | 26 - 28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold | Heart | |
52 - 64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis | ||
3 da | 30 - 36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois | ||
3.0 - 3.5 da | 37 - 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process | ||
3.0 - 3.5 da | 40 - 43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment | ||
3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 | Heart | |
3.5 - 4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail | ||
4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line | ||
4.5 da | Toe plate | ||
4.5 - 5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints | Heart | |
5 da | 1st 3 toes | ||
5.0 - 5.5 da | Beak | ||
5.5 - 6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes | ||
6.0 - 6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe | ||
6.5 - 7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth | ||
7.0 - 7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits | ||
7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak | ||
7.5 - 8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit | ||
8 da | Nictitating membrane | ||
8.5 - 9.0 da | Phalanges in toes | ||
10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland | ||
11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm | ||
12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm | ||
13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm | ||
14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm | ||
15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9±0.8 mm | ||
16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm | ||
17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6±0.8 mm | ||
18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm | ||
19 - 20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo | ||
20 - 21 da | Newly-hatched chick |
Standard Stage Comparison
Hamburger Hamilton Stages | |||
3,4 | Early cleavage | 3.5-4.5 hr2 | Shell membrane of egg formed in isthmus of oviduct |
5,6 | During cleavage | Germ wall formed from marginal periblast | |
7 | Late cleavage | 4.5-24.0 hr2 | Shell of egg formed in uterus |
8,9 | 1 | Preprimitive streak (embryonic shield) | |
10 | 2 | 6-7 hr | Initial primitive streak, 0.3-0.5 mm long |
11 | 3 | 12-13 hr | Intermediate primitive streak |
12 | 4 | 18-19 hr | Definitive primitive streak, ±1.88 mm long |
13a | 5 | 19-22 hr | Head process (notochord) |
13b | 6 | 23-25 hr | Head fold |
14a | 7 | 23-26 hr | 1 somite; neural folds |
14b | 7 to 8- | ca. 23-26 hr | 1-3 somites; coelom |
14c | 8 | 26-29 hr | 4 somites; blood islands |
15a | 9 | 29-33 hr | 7 somites; primary optic vesicles |
15b | 9+ to 10- | ca. 33 hr | 8-9 somites; anterior amniotic fold |
15c | 10 | 33-38 hr | 10 somites; 3 primary brain vesicles |
16a | 11 | 40-45 hr | 13 somites; 5 neuromeres of hindbrain |
16b | 12 | 45-49 hr | 16 somites; telencephalon |
16c | 13 | 48-52 hr | 19 somites; atrioventricular canal |
17a | 13+ to 14- | ca. 50-52 hr | 20-21 somites; tail bud |
17b | 14 | 50-53 hr | 22 somites; trunk flexure; visceral arches I and II, clefts 1 and 2 |
17c | 14+ to 15- | ca. 50-54 hr | 23 somites; premandibular head cavities |
17d | 15 | 50-55 hr | 24-27 somites; visceral arch III, cleft 3 |
18 | 16 | 51-56 hr | 26-28 somites; wing bud; posterior amniotic fold |
19 | 17 | 52-64 hr | 29-32 somites; leg bud; epiphysis |
20 | 18 | 3 da | 30-36 somites extending beyond level of leg bud; allantois |
21 | 19 | 3.0-3.5 da | 37- 40 somites extending into tail; maxillary process |
22 | 20 | 3.0-3.5 da | 40-43 somites; rotation completed; eye pigment |
23 | 21 | 3.5 da | 43-44 somites; visceral arch IV, cleft 4 |
24 | 22 | 3.5-4.0 da | Somites extend to tip of tail |
25 | 23 | 4 da | Dorsal contour from hindbrain to tail is a curved line |
26 | 24 | 4.5 da | Toe plate |
27 | 25 | 4.5-5.0 da | Elbow and knee joints |
28 | 26 | 5 da | 1st 3 toes |
29 | 27 | 5.0-5.5 da | Beak |
30 | 28 | 5.5-6.0 da | 3 digits, 4 toes |
31 | 29 | 6.0-6.5 da | Rudiment of 5th toe |
32 | 30 | 6.5-7.0 da | Feather germs; scleral papillae; egg tooth |
33a | 31 | 7.0-7.5 da | Web between 1st and 2nd digits |
33b | 32 | 7.5 da | Anterior tip of mandible has reached beak |
34a | 33 | 7.5-8.0 da | Web on radial margin of wing and 1st digit |
34b | 34 | 8 da | Nictitating membrane |
34c | 35 | 8.5-9.0 da | Phalanges in toes |
34d | 36 | 10 da | Length of 3rd toe from tip to middle of metatarsal joint = 5.4±0.3mm; length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of bill = 2.5mm; primordium of comb; labial groove; uropygial gland |
34e | 37 | 11 da | Length of 3rd toe = 7.4±0.3mm; length of beak = 3.0 mm |
34f | 38 | 12 da | Length of 3rd toe = 8.4±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.1 mm |
35a | 39 | 13 da | Length of 3rd toe = 9.8±0.3 mm; length of beak = 3.5 mm |
35b | 40 | 14 da | Length of beak = 4.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 12.7±0.5 mm |
35c | 41 | 15 da | Length of beak from anterior angle of nostril to tip of upper bill = 4.5 mm; length of 3rd toe = 14.9±0.8 mm |
35d | 42 | 16 da | Length of beak = 4.8 mm; length of 3rd toe = 16.7±0.8 mm |
35e | 43 | 17 da | Length of beak = 5.0 mm; length of 3rd toe = 18.6±0.8 mm |
35f | 44 | 18 da | Length of beak = 5.7 mm; length of 3rd toe = 20.4±0.8 mm |
36a | 45 | 19-20 da | Yolk sac half enclosed in body cavity; chorio-allantoic membrane contains less blood and is "sticky" in living embryo |
36b | 46 | 20-21 da | Newly-hatched chick |
Modified from: GROWTH Altman, P.L. and Dittmer, D.S. (ed) Biological Handbooks, FASEB (1962)
References
- ↑ <pubmed>1304821</pubmed>
Other Chicken Atlases
- Vertebrate and Invertebrate Embryos (7th Edition) G.C. Schoenwolf, Prentice Hall, New Jersey
- An Atlas of Embryology (1975) W.H. Freeman and B. Bracegirdle, Heinemann Educational Books, UK.
- This is an ATLAS (no description of development) , asically reprinted from the original 1963 edition.
- Photos with labelled diagrams covering Amphioxus (worm) Frog, Chicken.
- An Atlas for Staging Mammalian and Chick Embryos (1987) H. Bultler and B.H. Juurlink, CRC Press Inc., Florida
- This ATLAS is not a complete series of development but has interesting comparisons of species.
Mostly photos of embryos with a few drawn diagrams and a series of staging correlation graphs.
Glossary Links
- Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 27) Embryology Chicken stages. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Chicken_stages
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G