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Embryology - 17 May 2024 Expand to Translate
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Week 1 to 3 Development

1. QUIZ

2. Guest Lecturer A/Prof Robert Gilchrist (Oocyte Biology Research Unit) - "The Reproductive Technology Revolution"

Oocyte BMP15 and GDF9 effects PMID 25058588

Dr Gilchrist’s primary research interests are in the regulation of mammalian oocyte development and maturation, and the development of novel oocyte maturation techniques for infertility treatment.

UNSW Research Gateway - PubMed

Recent Articles

"The cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP, are the key molecules controlling mammalian oocyte meiosis. Their roles in oocyte biology have been at the forefront of oocyte research for decades and many of the long standing controversies in relation to the regulation of oocyte meiotic maturation are now resolved. It is now clear that the follicle prevents meiotic resumption through the actions of natriuretic peptides and cGMP inhibiting the hydrolysis of intra-oocyte cAMP and that the preovulatory gonadotrophin surge reverses these processes. The gonadotrophin surge also leads to a transient spike in cAMP in the somatic compartment of the follicle; research over the past 2 decades has conclusively demonstrated that this surge in cAMP is important for the subsequent developmental capacity of the oocyte. This is important, as oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) systems practiced clinically do not recapitulate this cAMP surge in vitro, possibly accounting for the lower efficiency of IVM compared to clinical IVF. This review focuses in particular on this latter aspect - the role of cAMP/cGMP in the regulation of oocyte quality. We conclude that clinical practice of IVM should reflect this new understanding of the role of cyclic nucleotides, thereby creating a new generation of ART and fertility treatment options."

Human development timeline

ANAT2341 Course Timetable
Week (Mon)	Lecture 1 (Mon 1-2pm)	Lecture 2 (Tue 3-4pm)	Practical (Fri 1-3pm)
Week 2 (1 Aug)	Introduction	Fertilization	Lab 1
Week 3 (8 Aug)	Week 1 and 2	Week 3	Lab 2
Week 4 (15 Aug)	Mesoderm	Ectoderm	Lab 3
Week 5 (22 Aug)	Early Vascular	Placenta	Lab 4
Week 6 (29 Aug)	Gastrointestinal	Respiratory	Lab 5
Week 7 (5 Sep)	Head	Neural Crest	Lab 6
Week 8 (12 Sep)	Musculoskeletal	Limb Development	Lab 7
Week 9 (19 Sep)	Renal	Genital	Lab 8
Mid-semester break
Week 10 (3 Oct)	Public Holiday	Stem Cells	Lab 9
Week 11 (10 Oct)	Integumentary	Endocrine	Lab 10
Week 12 (17 Oct)	Heart	Sensory	Lab 11
Week 13 (24 Oct)	Fetal	Birth and Revision	Lab 12
ANAT2341 2016: Moodle page \| ECHO360 \| Textbooks \| Students 2016 \| Projects 2016

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-{{ANAT2341Lab4}}
+{{Header}}
+=Week 1 to 3 Development=
+{{ANAT2341Lab2}}
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-== 2. Guest Lecture Dr Fabien DeleRue (Transgenic Animal Unit (TAU)) - Transgenic mouse models of human conditions ==
+==2. Guest Lecturer A/Prof Robert Gilchrist (Oocyte Biology Research Unit) - "The Reproductive Technology Revolution" ==
+[[File:Oocyte BMP15 and GDF9 effects.jpg|thumb|Oocyte BMP15 and GDF9 effects PMID 25058588]]
+{|
+| [[File:Rob Gilchrist.jpg|left|150px|alt=Associate Professor Robert Gilchrist|link=https://research.unsw.edu.au/people/associate-professor-robert-bruce-gilchrist]]
+<br><br>
+Dr Gilchrist’s primary research interests are in the regulation of mammalian oocyte development and maturation, and the development of novel oocyte maturation techniques for infertility treatment.
+|-bgcolor="FAF5FF"
+| [https://research.unsw.edu.au/people/associate-professor-robert-bruce-gilchrist UNSW Research Gateway] - [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Gilchrist+R%5BAuthor%5D PubMed]
+|-
+|}
-[[File:Fabien deleRue profile photo.jpg]]
+===Recent Articles===
+<pubmed>27422885</pubmed>
-Dr Delerue’s career spans over twenty years practice in animal handling, surgery, and generation of animal models of diseases. His research focuses on the production and characterization of new transgenic mouse models of human genetic disorders, using cutting-edge genome engineering techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9.
+:"The cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP, are the key molecules controlling mammalian oocyte meiosis. Their roles in oocyte biology have been at the forefront of oocyte research for decades and many of the long standing controversies in relation to the regulation of oocyte meiotic maturation are now resolved. It is now clear that the follicle prevents meiotic resumption through the actions of natriuretic peptides and cGMP inhibiting the hydrolysis of intra-oocyte cAMP and that the preovulatory gonadotrophin surge reverses these processes. The gonadotrophin surge also leads to a transient spike in cAMP in the somatic compartment of the follicle; research over the past 2 decades has conclusively demonstrated that this surge in cAMP is important for the subsequent developmental capacity of the oocyte. This is important, as oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) systems practiced clinically do not recapitulate this cAMP surge in vitro, possibly accounting for the lower efficiency of IVM compared to clinical IVF. This review focuses in particular on this latter aspect - the role of cAMP/cGMP in the regulation of oocyte quality. We conclude that clinical practice of IVM should reflect this new understanding of the role of cyclic nucleotides, thereby creating a new generation of ART and fertility treatment options."
-UNSW Research Gateway: [https://research.unsw.edu.au/people/dr-fabien-delerue]
+<pubmed>27248769</pubmed>
+<pubmed>27160446</pubmed>
-'''Recent articles'''
-Delerue F & Ittner LM. Genome Editing in Mice Using CRISPR/Cas9: Achievements and Prospects
+==Human development timeline==
-Cloning and Transgenesis 2015, 4:135 doi:10.4172/2168-9849.1000135 [http://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/genome-editing-in-mice-using-crisprcas9-achievements-and-prospects-2168-9849-1000135.php?aid=50992]
-Animal models are a powerful tool to understand the mechanisms underlying physiological and pathological processes in vivo. To date, mice remain the species most commonly used for genetic manipulation. The recent development of engineered endonucleases such as Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFN), Transcription activator-like effector nucleases  (TALEN), and the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) offered easy, flexible, and fast alternative to ES-Cell based gene targeting. Thanks to multiple advantages, the CRISPR system superseded its predecessors and became a popular method for genome editing. Here, we review the latest techniques to apply CRISPR editing to the mouse genome, and emphasize on the current methods used in transgenic laboratories and subsequent achievements in mice.
+[[File:Human development timeline graph 01.jpg|600px]]
-Ke YD, van Hummel A, Stevens CH, Gladbach A, Ippati S, Bi M, Lee WS, Krüger S, van der Hoven J, Volkerling A, Bongers A, Halliday G, Haass NK, Kiernan M, Delerue F, Ittner LM. Short-term suppression of A315T mutant human TDP-43 expression improves functional deficits in a novel inducible transgenic mouse model of FTLD-TDP and ALS. Acta Neuropathologica 2015 Nov;130(5):661-78 PubMed 26437864 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00401-015-1486-0]
-Ittner A, Chua SW, Bertz J, Volkerling A, van der Hoven J, Gladbach A, Przybyla M, Bi M, van Hummel A, Stevens CH, Ippati S, Suh LS, Macmillan A, Sutherland G, Kril JJ, Silva APG, Mackay J, Poljak A, Delerue F,  Ke YD, Ittner LM. Site-specific phosphorylation of tau inhibits amyloid-β toxicity in Alzheimer’s mice
-Science 2016 Nov;354 (6314):904-908 doi: 10.1126/science.aah6205 [http://science.sciencemag.org/content/354/6314/904.full]
-'''Recommended literature'''
+{{ANAT2341Lab2}}
-[[File:Manipulating_the_Mouse_Embryo.jpg]]
-Manipulating the Mouse Embryo: A Laboratory Manual (Fourth Edition) [http://cshlpress.com/default.tpl?cart=147944968860031853&action=full&--eqskudatarq=982]
-By Richard Behringer, Marina Gertsenstein, Kristina Vintersten Nagy, & Andras Nagy.
-[[File:Reproductive Engineering Techniques.jpg]]
-Reproductive Engineering techniques in mice: Technical manual [http://card.medic.kumamoto-u.ac.jp/card/english/sigen/manual/onlinemanual.html]
-Prof Naomi Nakagata, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, Japan
+{{2016ANAT2341}}
-{{2016ANAT2341 footer}}

ANAT2341 Lab 4: Difference between revisions