Somite Musculoskeletal Movie

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Embryology - 19 Mar 2024    Facebook link Pinterest link Twitter link  Expand to Translate  
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<html5media height="380" width="340">File:Somite 001.mp4</html5media>
Somite 001 icon.jpg

Somite Musculoskeletal Contributions to the Trunk

Animation shows the musculoskeletal components formed from the somite. Somite origin structures are labeled pink. Note that dermis contribution from the somite is not shown in this animation.

  • Skeletal
    • Vertebra
    • Intervertebral Disc
  • Muscular
    • Epaxial muscles (dorsal)
    • Hypaxial muscles (ventral)


Links: MP4 | Lecture - Mesoderm | Axial Skeleton | Muscle | Musculoskeletal Development | Movies
Somite cartoon5.png

Epaxial Muscles

  • lie dorsal to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae
  • innervated by the dorsal ramus of spinal nerves
  • Humans - erector spinae, transversospinal muscles (multifidus, semispinalis and rotatores), splenius and suboccipital muscles.
  • myogenesis regulated by Wnt (+) from neural tube and Shh (+) from floor plate and notochord.

Hypaxial Muscles

  • lie ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae
  • innervated by the ventral ramus of spinal nerves
  • lateral and ventral muscle wall of the trunk (intercostal, abdominal) and limb muscles.
  • myogenesis regulated by Wnt (+) from dorsal ectoderm and BMP (-) from lateral mesoderm.


Note - the cartoons show just the embryo righthand side mesoderm development (the same events occur on the lefthand side).

Somite Links: 1 paraxial | 2 early somite | 3 sclerotome and dermomyotome | 4 dermatome and myotome | 5 somite spreading | SEM image - Human Embryo (week 4) showing somites | Movie - somitogenesis Hes expression



Glossary Links: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Movies


Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology Somite Musculoskeletal Movie. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Somite_Musculoskeletal_Movie

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G