Talk:Abnormal Development - Illegal Drugs: Difference between revisions
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<pubmed>16619847</pubmed> | |||
==2012== | |||
===Cocaine use during pregnancy assessed by hair analysis in a Canary Islands cohort=== | |||
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012 Jan 9;12:2. | |||
Joya X, Gomez-Culebras M, Callejón A, Friguls B, Puig C, Ortigosa S, Morini L, Garcia-Algar O, Vall O. | |||
Source | |||
Unitat de Recerca Infància i Entorn, Institut de Recerca Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain. 90458@imas.imim.es | |||
Abstract | |||
BACKGROUND: | |||
Drug use during pregnancy is difficult to ascertain, and maternal reports are likely to be inaccurate. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use among pregnant women by using maternal hair analysis. | |||
METHODS: | |||
A toxicological analysis of hair was used to detect chronic recreational drug use during pregnancy. In 2007, 347 mother-infant dyads were included from the Hospital La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). Data on socioeconomic characteristics and on substance misuse during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Drugs of abuse: opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines were detected in maternal hair by immunoassay followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for confirmation and quantitation. | |||
RESULTS: | |||
Hair analysis revealed 2.6% positivity for cocaine and its metabolites. Use of cocaine during pregnancy was associated with unusual behaviour with potentially harmful effects on the baby. | |||
CONCLUSIONS: | |||
The results of the study demonstrate significant cocaine use by pregnant women in Canary Islands. The data should be used for the purpose of preventive health and policy strategies aimed to detect and possibly to avoid in the future prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse. | |||
PMID 22230295 | |||
==2010== | ==2010== | ||
Revision as of 14:56, 26 May 2012
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 19) Embryology Abnormal Development - Illegal Drugs. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Abnormal_Development_-_Illegal_Drugs |
<pubmed>16619847</pubmed>
2012
Cocaine use during pregnancy assessed by hair analysis in a Canary Islands cohort
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012 Jan 9;12:2.
Joya X, Gomez-Culebras M, Callejón A, Friguls B, Puig C, Ortigosa S, Morini L, Garcia-Algar O, Vall O. Source Unitat de Recerca Infància i Entorn, Institut de Recerca Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain. 90458@imas.imim.es Abstract BACKGROUND: Drug use during pregnancy is difficult to ascertain, and maternal reports are likely to be inaccurate. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use among pregnant women by using maternal hair analysis. METHODS: A toxicological analysis of hair was used to detect chronic recreational drug use during pregnancy. In 2007, 347 mother-infant dyads were included from the Hospital La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). Data on socioeconomic characteristics and on substance misuse during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Drugs of abuse: opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines were detected in maternal hair by immunoassay followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for confirmation and quantitation. RESULTS: Hair analysis revealed 2.6% positivity for cocaine and its metabolites. Use of cocaine during pregnancy was associated with unusual behaviour with potentially harmful effects on the baby. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study demonstrate significant cocaine use by pregnant women in Canary Islands. The data should be used for the purpose of preventive health and policy strategies aimed to detect and possibly to avoid in the future prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse.
PMID 22230295
2010
Prenatal methamphetamine exposure and neonatal neurobehavioral outcome in the USA and New Zealand
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2010 Jul 6.
Lagasse LL, Wouldes T, Newman E, Smith LM, Shah RZ, Derauf C, Huestis MA, Arria AM, Grotta SD, Wilcox T, Lester BM.
Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA. Abstract BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine (MA) use among pregnant women is a world-wide problem, but little is known of its impact on exposed infants.
DESIGN: The prospective, controlled longitudinal Infant Development, Environment and Lifestyle (IDEAL) study of prenatal MA exposure from birth to 36months was conducted in the US and NZ. The US cohort has 183 exposed and 196 comparison infants; the NZ cohort has 85 exposed and 95 comparison infants. Exposure was determined by self-report and meconium assay with alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco exposures present in both groups. The NICU Neurobehavior Scale (NNNS) was administered within 5days of life. NNNS summary scores were analyzed for exposure including heavy exposure and frequency of use by trimester and dose-response relationship with the amphetamine analyte.
RESULTS: MA exposure was associated with poorer quality of movement, more total stress/abstinence, physiological stress, and CNS stress with more nonoptimal reflexes in NZ but not in the USA. Heavy MA exposure was associated with lower arousal and excitability. First trimester MA use predicted more stress and third trimester use more lethargy and hypotonicity. Dose-response effects were observed between amphetamine concentration in meconium and CNS stress.
CONCLUSION: Across cultures, prenatal MA exposure was associated with a similar neurobehavioral pattern of under arousal, low tone, poorer quality of movement and increased stress.
Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PMID: 20615464 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20615464
Differentiating prenatal exposure to methamphetamine and alcohol versus alcohol and not methamphetamine using tensor-based brain morphometry and discriminant analysis
J Neurosci. 2010 Mar 17;30(11):3876-85.
Sowell ER, Leow AD, Bookheimer SY, Smith LM, O'Connor MJ, Kan E, Rosso C, Houston S, Dinov ID, Thompson PM.
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. esowell@ucla.edu Abstract Here we investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine (MA) on local brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging. Because many who use MA during pregnancy also use alcohol, a known teratogen, we examined whether local brain volumes differed among 61 children (ages 5-15 years), 21 with prenatal MA exposure, 18 with concomitant prenatal alcohol exposure (the MAA group), 13 with heavy prenatal alcohol but not MA exposure (ALC group), and 27 unexposed controls. Volume reductions were observed in both exposure groups relative to controls in striatal and thalamic regions bilaterally and in right prefrontal and left occipitoparietal cortices. Striatal volume reductions were more severe in the MAA group than in the ALC group, and, within the MAA group, a negative correlation between full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) scores and caudate volume was observed. Limbic structures, including the anterior and posterior cingulate, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and ventral and lateral temporal lobes bilaterally, were increased in volume in both exposure groups. Furthermore, cingulate and right IFG volume increases were more pronounced in the MAA than ALC group. Discriminant function analyses using local volume measurements and FSIQ were used to predict group membership, yielding factor scores that correctly classified 72% of participants in jackknife analyses. These findings suggest that striatal and limbic structures, known to be sites of neurotoxicity in adult MA abusers, may be more vulnerable to prenatal MA exposure than alcohol exposure and that more severe striatal damage is associated with more severe cognitive deficit.
PMID: 20237258
2009
Fetal effects of psychoactive drugs
Clin Perinatol. 2009 Sep;36(3):595-619.
Salisbury AL, Ponder KL, Padbury JF, Lester BM.
Department of Pediatrics, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA. amy_salisbury@brown.edu Abstract Psychoactive drug use by pregnant women has the potential to effect fetal development; the effects are often thought to be drug-specific and gestational age dependent. This article describes the effects of three drugs with similar molecular targets that involve monoaminergic transmitter systems: cocaine, methamphetamine, and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used to treat maternal depression during pregnancy. We propose a possible common epigenetic mechanism for their potential effects on the developing child. We suggest that exposure to these substances acts as a stressor that affects fetal programming, disrupts fetal placental monoamine transporter expression and alters neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter system development. We also discuss neurobehavioral techniques that may be useful in the early detection of the effects of in utero drug exposure.
PMID: 19732616
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767264/?tool=pubmed
Vulnerability to (+)-methamphetamine effects and the relationship to drug disposition in pregnant rats during chronic infusion
Toxicol Sci. 2009 Sep;111(1):27-36. Epub 2009 Jun 10.
White SJ, Laurenzana EM, Gentry WB, Hendrickson HP, Williams DK, Ward KW, Owens SM.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA. Abstract Chronic (+)-methamphetamine (METH) use during pregnancy increases the health risk for both mother and fetus. To provide insights into these risks, the relationship between changes in METH disposition and METH-induced pharmacological effects were studied in Sprague-Dawley rat dams and litters. Timed-pregnant rats (n = 5-6) were given saline or METH (5.6-17.8 mg/kg/day) by continuous sc infusion from gestational day (GD) 7 (before organogenesis) until GD21 (0-2 days before delivery). By GD11, all rats in the 17.8-mg/kg/day group died or were sacrificed for humane reasons. There were significant (p < 0.05) dose- and gestational time-dependent decreases in maternal body weight in the 10- to 13.2-mg/kg/day groups, which slowly recovered to near normal by GD21. Continued METH dosing in the surviving groups did not affect the mean pups/litter weight at the end of the experiment on GD21. While maternal and fetal METH and (+)-amphetamine serum concentrations were similar on GD21, brain concentrations were significantly greater in the dams (p < 0.05). Importantly, brain-to-serum ratios in the dams were 9:1 and 3:1 in the pups. METH systemic clearance (Cl(S)) in dams significantly (p < 0.05) decreased from 52 +/- 14 ml/min/kg on GD10 to 28 +/- 6 ml/min/kg on GD21 in all dose groups, indicating late-gestational stage reductions in METH Cl(S). Overall, these findings suggest that there were two periods of increased susceptibility for dams and fetuses during chronic METH treatment. First was the period after the start of METH dosing in which neuroadaptation and tolerance to METH occurs in the adult. The second was at the end of pregnancy when METH clearance was significantly reduced.
PMID: 19520673 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19520673
Neuroimaging of children following prenatal drug exposure
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2009 Jun;20(4):441-54. Epub 2009 Mar 13. Derauf C, Kekatpure M, Neyzi N, Lester B, Kosofsky B.
John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA. Abstract Recent advances in MR-based brain imaging methods have provided unprecedented capabilities to visualize the brain. Application of these methods has allowed identification of brain structures and patterns of functional activation altered in offspring of mothers who used licit (e.g., alcohol and tobacco) and illicit (e.g., cocaine, methamphetamine, and marijuana) drugs during pregnancy. Here we review that literature, which though somewhat limited by the complexities of separating the specific effects of each drug from other confounding variables, points to sets of interconnected brain structures as being altered following prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse. In particular, dopamine-rich cortical (e.g., frontal cortex) and subcortical (e.g., basal ganglia) fetal brain structures show evidence of vulnerability to intrauterine drug exposure suggesting that during brain development drugs of abuse share a specific profile of developmental neurotoxicity. Such brain malformations may shed light on mechanisms underlying prenatal drug-induced brain injury, may serve as bio-markers of significant intrauterine drug exposure, and may additionally be predictors of subsequent neuro-developmental compromise. Wider clinical use of these research-based non-invasive methods will allow for improved diagnosis and allocation of therapeutic resources for affected infants, children, and young adults.
PMID: 19560049 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19560049
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2704485/?tool=pubmed
Maternal depression and neurobehavior in newborns prenatally exposed to methamphetamine
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2009 May-Jun;31(3):177-82. Epub 2008 Dec 3 Paz MS, Smith LM, LaGasse LL, Derauf C, Grant P, Shah R, Arria A, Huestis M, Haning W, Strauss A, Della Grotta S, Liu J, Lester BM.
Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA. Abstract BACKGROUND: The effects of maternal depression on neonatal neurodevelopment in MA exposed neonates have not been well characterized.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the neurobehavioral effects of maternal depressive symptoms on neonates exposed and not exposed to methamphetamine (MA) using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS).
DESIGN: The purpose of the IDEAL study is to determine the effects of prenatal MA exposure on child outcome. IDEAL screened 13,808 subjects, 1632 were eligible and consented and 176 mothers were enrolled. Only biological mothers with custody of their child at the one-month visit (n=50 MA; n=86 comparison) had the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) administered. The NNNS was administered to the neonate by an examiner blinded to MA exposure within the first five days of life. General Linear Models tested the effects of maternal depression and prenatal MA exposure on NNNS outcomes, with and without covariates. Significance was accepted at p<.05.
RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, regardless of exposure status, maternal depressive symptoms were associated with lower handling and arousal scores, elevated physiological stress scores and an increased incidence of hypotonicity. When adjusting for covariates, MA exposure was associated with lower arousal and higher lethargy scores.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal depressive symptoms are associated with neurodevelopmental patterns of decreased arousal and increased stress. Prenatal MA exposure combined with maternal depression was not associated with any additional neonatal neurodevelopmental differences.
PMID: 19059478
