Primordial Germ Cell Development: Difference between revisions

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Notice - Mark Hill

Currently this page is only a template and is being updated (this notice removed when completed).

Introduction

Early in development a small group of cells are "put aside" to later form oocytes and spermatozoa. This population of cells is described as the primordial germ cells (PGCs).

Historic Embryology - Genital
General: 1901 Urinogenital Tract \| 1902 The Uro-Genital System \| 1904 Ovary and Testis \| 1912 Urinogenital Organ Development \| 1914 External Genitalia \| 1921 Urogenital Development \| 1921 External Genital \| 1942 Sex Cords \| 1953 Germ Cells \| Historic Embryology Papers \| Historic Disclaimer
Female: 1904 Ovary and Testis \| 1904 Hymen \| 1912 Urinogenital Organ Development \| 1914 External Genitalia \| 1914 Female \| 1921 External Genital \| 1927 Female Foetus 15 cm \| 1927 Vagina \| 1932 Postnatal Ovary
Male: 1887-88 Testis \| 1904 Ovary and Testis \| 1904 Leydig Cells \| 1906 Testis vascular \| 1909 Prostate \| 1912 Prostate \| 1914 External Genitalia \| 1915 Cowper’s and Bartholin’s Glands \| 1920 Wolffian tubules \| 1935 Prepuce \| 1935 Wolffian Duct \| 1942 Sex Cords \| 1943 Testes Descent \| Historic Embryology Papers \| Historic Disclaimer

Some Recent Findings

Dazl functions in maintenance of pluripotency and genetic and epigenetic programs of differentiation in mouse primordial germ cells in vivo and in vitro^[1] "We demonstrate that disruption of Dazl results in a post-migratory, pre-meiotic reduction in PGC number accompanied by aberrant expression of pluripotency genes and failure to erase and re-establish genomic imprints in isolated male and female PGCs, as well as subsequent defect in progression through meiosis. Moreover, the phenotypes observed in vivo were mirrored by those in vitro, with inability of isolated mutant PGCs to establish pluripotent EG (embryonic germ) cell lines and few residual Oct-4-expressing cells remaining after somatic differentiation of mESCs carrying a Dazl null mutation. Finally, we observed that even within undifferentiated mESCs, a nascent germ cell subpopulation exists that was effectively eliminated with ablation of Dazl."
Steel factor controls primordial germ cell survival and motility from the time of their specification in the allantois, and provides a continuous niche throughout their migration^[2] "Steel factor is an essential survival and proliferation factor for primordial germ cells (PGCs) during their migration in the early mouse embryo. ...These data, together with previously published data, show that PGCs are Steel factor dependent from their initial specification until they colonize the genital ridges, and suggest the existence of a ;spatio-temporal niche' that travels with this important pluripotential cell population in the embryo."

Textbooks

Human Embryology (2nd ed.) Larson Chapter 10 p261-306
The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (6th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 13 p303-346
Before We Are Born (5th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 14 p289-326
Essentials of Human Embryology, Larson Chapter 10 p173-205
Human Embryology, Fitzgerald and Fitzgerald Chapter 21-22 p134-152
Developmental Biology (6th ed.) Gilbert Chapter 14 Intermediate Mesoderm

Primordial Germ Cell Migration


Migration 1	Migration 2	Migration 3

Additional Images

Stages of primordial germ cell migration^[3]

References

↑ <pubmed>19468308 </pubmed>
↑ <pubmed>19279135</pubmed>
↑ <pubmed> 20027186</pubmed>| Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

Reviews

Articles

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Terms

Glossary Links

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 5) Embryology Primordial Germ Cell Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Primordial_Germ_Cell_Development

What Links Here?

[1] <pubmed>19468308 </pubmed>

[2] <pubmed>19279135</pubmed>

[3] <pubmed> 20027186</pubmed>| Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

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[2]

[3]

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 * '''Dazl functions in maintenance of pluripotency and genetic and epigenetic programs of differentiation in mouse primordial germ cells in vivo and in vitro'''<ref><pubmed>19468308 </pubmed></ref> "We demonstrate that disruption of Dazl results in a post-migratory, pre-meiotic reduction in PGC number accompanied by aberrant expression of pluripotency genes and failure to erase and re-establish genomic imprints in isolated male and female PGCs, as well as subsequent defect in progression through meiosis. Moreover, the phenotypes observed in vivo were mirrored by those in vitro, with inability of isolated mutant PGCs to establish pluripotent EG (embryonic germ) cell lines and few residual Oct-4-expressing cells remaining after somatic differentiation of mESCs carrying a Dazl null mutation. Finally, we observed that even within undifferentiated mESCs, a nascent germ cell subpopulation exists that was effectively eliminated with ablation of Dazl."
+* '''Steel factor controls primordial germ cell survival and motility from the time of their specification in the allantois, and provides a continuous niche throughout their migration'''<ref><pubmed>19279135</pubmed></ref> "Steel factor is an essential survival and proliferation factor for primordial germ cells (PGCs) during their migration in the early mouse embryo. ...These data, together with previously published data, show that PGCs are Steel factor dependent from their initial specification until they colonize the genital ridges, and suggest the existence of a ;spatio-temporal niche' that travels with this important pluripotential cell population in the embryo."
 |}