Birth - Stillbirth and Perinatal Death

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Introduction

Stillbirth and perinatal death can be classified by a number of different systems, all still have "unexplained" or "other" as a potential option. in several systems contribute to many of these deaths. Neonatal deaths include a broader age range of infants who have also died after birth from various causes.


The distorted world map above shows the relative distribution of early neonatal death by country. Note the over-representation of Africa and Asia compared with Europe, USA and Australia. (Image: Dorling D. Worldmapper: The Human Anatomy of a Small Planet PLoS Medicine Vol. 4, No. 1, e1)

Stillbirths with a gestational age of 28 weeks or more are defined as "late fetal deaths".

There are several death classification systems used in different countries around the world, the most recent are the suggested ReCoDe (UK, 2005) and the modified Whitfield (Australia/New Zealand, 2004) systems. A common stillbirth classification is still "unexplained", with recent analysis of data showing fetal growth restriction is a common antecedent. (More? Fetal Origins Hypothesis)


USA Data

Deaths: leading causes for 2005.[1] Leading causes of infant death for 2005:

  1. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities
  2. Disorders related to short gestation and low birthweight, not elsewhere classified
  3. Sudden infant death syndrome
  4. Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy
  5. Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes
  6. Accidents (unintentional injuries); Respiratory distress of newborn
  7. Bacterial sepsis of newborn
  8. Neonatal hemorrhage
  9. Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn.

References

  1. ↑ <pubmed>20361522</pubmed>

Reviews

Articles

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Birth - Stillbirth and Perinatal Death. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Birth_-_Stillbirth_and_Perinatal_Death

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
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