Coelomic Cavity Development
Introduction
There are cavities, coeloms, that form and lie both outside (extraembryonic) and inside (intraembryonic) the embryo during development.
The intraembryonic coelom is the primitive cavity that lies within the developing embryo that will form the 3 major body cavities: pericardial, pleural, peritoneal. The coelom forms very early in embryogenesis and is much later paritioned inferiorly by the diaphragm and pleuroperitoneal membrane; and superiorly initially by the pleuropericardial fold between the heart and lungs. The intraembryonic coelom communicated through coelomic portals (at the level of midgut herniation) with the extraembryonic coelom.
All cavities are fluid filled and developing organs push against a wall of the cavity, generating a double coat (serosal/adventital) surrounding an organ (for example the lungs). The serous membrane is the epithelium (squamous) and its associated underlying loose connective tissue.
Coelom Links: Introduction | Lecture - Week 3 Development | Lecture - Mesoderm Development | Placenta - Membranes | Category:Coelomic Cavity |
Historic Embryology - Coelomic Cavity |
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1891 peritoneal | 1897 human coelom | 1910 Coelom and Diaphragm | 1924 serous |
System Links: Introduction | Cardiovascular | Coelomic Cavity | Endocrine | Gastrointestinal Tract | Genital | Head | Immune | Integumentary | Musculoskeletal | Neural | Neural Crest | Placenta | Renal | Respiratory | Sensory | Birth |
Some Recent Findings
Objectives
- Describe the development of the intra- and extra-embryonic coeloms.
- Describe the processes involved in the development of the three divisions of the intra-embryonic coelom; pericardium, pleural cavities and peritoneum.
- Describe the fate of the extra embryonic coelom.
- Describe the development of the diaphragm.
Development Overview
Extraembryonic Coelom
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Intraembryonic Coelom
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Neural Tube
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Intraembryonic Coelom
Percardial Cavity
Pleural Cavity
Peritoneal Cavity
Stages in the development of the bursa omentalis, the greater omentum, and the fusion of the latter with the transverse mesocolon.
Terms
- atresia- obstruction.
- eppiglottis- develops from hypobrachial eminence.
- fistula- abnormal comunication.
- hypopharyngeal eminence- fusion of 3rd pharyngeal arches, precursor of root of tongue.
- laryngotracheal groove- forms on anterior (ventral) wall of pharynx, gives rise to larynx, trachea, respiratory tree.
- larynx- lining from endoderm, cartilage from pharyngeal arch 4 and 6.
- lung buds- primordia of lungs.
- parietal pleura-outer lining of pleural cavity derived from epithelia of pericardioperitoneal canals from intraembryonic coelom.
- pleural cavity- walls derived from pericardioperitoneal canals -> intraembryonic coelom ->coelomic spaces -> lateral mesoderm -> mesoderm.
- pleuropericardial fold- restricts the communication between pleural cavity and pericardiac cavity, contains cardinal vein and phrenic nerve.
- pleuroperitoneal membrane- forms inferiorly at transverse septum to separate peritoneum from pleural cavity.
- septum transversum- mesoderm separating thoracic cavity and yolk sac, forms central tendon of diaphragm (and some of liver?).
- stenosis- narrowing
- surfactant- a detergent secreted by Type 2 alveolar cells between alveolar epithelium. Functions to lower surface tension, allowing lungs to remain inflated.
- visceral pleura- inner lining of pleural cavity derived from contact epithelia with lung bud of pericardioperitoneal canals from intraembryonic coelom.
Mesothelium
The epithelial covering of coelomic organs and also line their cavities.
- Contribute to the vasculature of the heart and the intestinal tract.
- Undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and differentiation into endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and pericytes.
- contribute most of the vascular smooth muscle to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. (Remainder derived from endothelium?)
References
Reviews
Articles
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Additional Images
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 4) Embryology Coelomic Cavity Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Coelomic_Cavity_Development
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G