Talk:Molecular Development - Genetics: Difference between revisions

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==Mouse Gene Knockouts Listed according to the Name of the Gene==
==10 Most Recent==
{{10 Most Recent}}


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/5lipoxyg.htm 5-Lipoxygenase]
===Molecular Development===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/5-lipoxy.htm 5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP)]


<pubmed limit=5>Molecular Genetic Development</pubmed>


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gaa.htm Acid Alpha-glucosidase gene (Gaa)]
===Genetic Development===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/acrosin.htm Acrosin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/acutereg.htm Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/adenosin.htm Adenosine A2a receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ada.htm Adenosine deaminase (ADA)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/a1collgn.htm alpha 1 (IX) collagen]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/acacalmk.htm alpha calcium-calmodulin kinase II (alpha CaMKII)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/alpha1b-.htm Alpha1b-adrenergic]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/alpha-ga.htm Alpha-Galactosidase A]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apcdelta.htm Apc(delta716)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/app.htm Amyloid precursor protein (APP)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ace.htm Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/angioten.htm Angiotensinogen]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ap2.htm aP2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apoa-i.htm ApoA-I]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apob.htm Apo B]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apoc3.htm ApoC-III]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apoe.htm Apo E]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/apolipop.htm Apolipoprotein A-IV]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/atm.htm Atm]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/b7.htm B7] 
<pubmed limit=5>Genetic Development</pubmed>
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bax.htm Bax]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bc16.htm Bc16]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bcl-2.htm Bcl-2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bcl-3.htm Bcl-3]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bcl-x.htm Bcl-x]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gatase.htm Beta 1, 4-galactosyltransferase (GalTase)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/int.htm Beta 1 integrin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/b2micrgl.htm Beta 2-microglobulin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/beta-3ga.htm Beta-3 GABAA receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/b-galact.htm Beta-galactosidase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bmp7.htm BMP7]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/brb2r.htm Bradykinin B2 receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/bdnf.htm Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)]


==2017==


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c5arecep.htm C5a receptor]
===CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human zygotes using Cas9 protein===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-abl.htm c-abl]
Mol Genet Genomics. 2017 Jun;292(3):525-533. doi: 10.1007/s00438-017-1299-z. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/calcineu.htm Calcineurin A alpha]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd2.htm CD2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd22.htm CD22]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd28.htm CD28]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd3.htm CD3 epsilon]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd3etaph.htm CD3 eta/phi]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd3zetet.htm CD3 zeta/eta]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd30.htm CD30]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd4.htm CD4] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd40.htm CD40]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd40l.htm CD40L]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p561cd45.htm CD45 and p561ck] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd45tyrp.htm CD45-exon 6 protein tyrosine phosphatase] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd8.htm CD8] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cd8b1.htm CD8 beta-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cebpalph.htm C/ebp Alpha]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cebpbeta.htm C/EBP beta (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gshpx-1.htm Cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cfos.htm c-Fos]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ciliaryn.htm Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-jun.htm c-jun]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ckappa.htm C kappa] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-mos.htm c-mos]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-myc.htm c-myc]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cntf.htm CNTF]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cntfr.htm CNTFR alpha]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cox2.htm Cox 2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/crabpi.htm CRABPI]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ck.htm Creatine kinase (CK)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/creb.htm CREB]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/crem.htm CREM]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-rel.htm c-rel proto-oncogene]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/c-ret.htm c-ret]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/crh.htm CRH]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/csf-1.htm CSF-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/csk.htm CSK]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ctla-4.htm Ctla-4]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/cftr.htm Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/doparec.htm D1A dopamine receptors]
Tang L1,2, Zeng Y3, Du H3, Gong M4, Peng J4, Zhang B4, Lei M3, Zhao F5, Wang W6, Li X7, Liu J8.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dazla.htm Dazla]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/desmin.htm Desmin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dnamthyl.htm DNA methyl transferase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dnarepar.htm DNA repair gene (ERCC-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dopamine.htm Dopamine D2 receptors]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dopad4.htm Dopamine D4 receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dv11.htm Dv11]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/e2a.htm E2a]
Abstract
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/e2f-1.htm E2f-1]
Previous works using human tripronuclear zygotes suggested that the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system could be a tool in correcting disease-causing mutations. However, whether this system was applicable in normal human (dual pronuclear, 2PN) zygotes was unclear. Here we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 is also effective as a gene-editing tool in human 2PN zygotes. By injection of Cas9 protein complexed with the appropriate sgRNAs and homology donors into one-cell human embryos, we demonstrated efficient homologous recombination-mediated correction of point mutations in HBB and G6PD. However, our results also reveal limitations of this correction procedure and highlight the need for further research.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/e-cadher.htm E-cadherin]
KEYWORDS:
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/edn3.htm EDN3] 
CRISPR/Cas9; Cas9 protein; Gene modification; Homology-directed repair (HDR); Human zygotes
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/egfr.htm EGFR]
PMID 28251317 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-017-1299-z
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/en-1.htm En-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/en-2.htm En-2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/es.htm Endothelial selectins]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/endobrec.htm Endothelin-B receptor (EDNRB)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/enx.htm Enx (Hox 11 L1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/egfr.htm Epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/erbb4.htm ErbB4] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/estrgrec.htm Estrogen receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ets-rela.htm Ets-related factor TEL]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/factorix.htm Factor IX]
==2015==
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/perfofas.htm Fas and Perforin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fcepsiri.htm Fc epsilon RI]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fcrgamma.htm FcR gamma chain]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fgf-4.htm Fgf4]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fgf5.htm FGF5]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fgf-6.htm FGF-6]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fibrilli.htm Fibrillin-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fmr1.htm Fmr1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fosb.htm FosB]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fshbsubu.htm FSH <font face="symbol">b</font> subunit]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ftzf1.htm Ftz-F1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/fyn.htm fyn]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/g-csf.htm G-CSF]
===CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gad67.htm GAD67]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gelatina.htm Gelationase A (matrix metalloproteinase)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gelsolin.htm Gelsolin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gfap.htm Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/glucocer.htm Glucocerebrosidase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/glur-b.htm GluR-B]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/glut4.htm GLUT4]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gm-csf.htm GM-CSF]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/gprotein.htm G protein-coupled, inwardly rectifying K+ channel GIRK2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/grk3.htm G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/growthho.htm Growth hormone receptor/binding protein]


Protein Cell. 2015 May;6(5):363-372. doi: 10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5. Epub 2015 Apr 18.


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/h2m.htm H2-M]
Liang P#1, Xu Y#1, Zhang X#1, Ding C#1, Huang R1, Zhang Z1, Lv J1, Xie X1, Chen Y1, Li Y1, Sun Y1, Bai Y1, Songyang Z1, Ma W1, Zhou C1, Huang J1.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hdex.htm Hdh ex 5]
Author information
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hlhge2a.htm Helix-loop-helix gene E2A] 
Abstract
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxa-1.htm Hoxa-1]
Genome editing tools such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated system (Cas) have been widely used to modify genes in model systems including animal zygotes and human cells, and hold tremendous promise for both basic research and clinical applications. To date, a serious knowledge gap remains in our understanding of DNA repair mechanisms in human early embryos, and in the efficiency and potential off-target effects of using technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 in human pre-implantation embryos. In this report, we used tripronuclear (3PN) zygotes to further investigate CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human cells. We found that CRISPR/Cas9 could effectively cleave the endogenous β-globin gene (HBB). However, the efficiency of homologous recombination directed repair (HDR) of HBB was low and the edited embryos were mosaic. Off-target cleavage was also apparent in these 3PN zygotes as revealed by the T7E1 assay and whole-exome sequencing. Furthermore, the endogenous delta-globin gene (HBD), which is homologous to HBB, competed with exogenous donor oligos to act as the repair template, leading to untoward mutations. Our data also indicated that repair of the HBB locus in these embryos occurred preferentially through the non-crossover HDR pathway. Taken together, our work highlights the pressing need to further improve the fidelity and specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 platform, a prerequisite for any clinical applications of CRSIPR/Cas9-mediated editing.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxa2.htm Hoxa-2]  
Comment in
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxa4.htm Hoxa-4]  
Gene Editing and Germ-line Intervention: The Need for Novel Responses to Novel Technologies. [Mol Ther. 2015]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxa9.htm Hoxa9]  
The Genie Is Out of the Bottle. [IEEE Pulse. 2015]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxa-11.htm Hoxa-11]
UK bioethicists eye designer babies and CRISPR cows. [Nature. 2016]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxb-4.htm Hoxb-4]
PMID: 25894090 PMCID: PMC4417674 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxd-3.htm Hoxd-3]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hoxd13.htm Hoxd-13]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/hsp70.htm Hsp 70-2]


==2014==


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/icam-1.htm ICAM-1]
===A CRISPR view of development===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pselicam.htm ICAM-1 and P selectin]
Genes Dev. 2014 Sep 1;28(17):1859-72. doi: 10.1101/gad.248252.114.
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ifngamma.htm IFN-gamma] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ifngrec.htm IFN-gamma receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ikaros.htm Ikaros]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ice.htm IL-1 Beta Converting Enzyme]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il1type1.htm IL-1 type I receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il2.htm IL-2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il-2rb.htm IL-2 receptor beta]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il4.htm IL-4] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il6.htm IL-6]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il-7.htm IL-7] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il10.htm IL-10]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il18.htm IL-18 (IGIF)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ig-d.htm Immunoglobulin D]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igheavy.htm Immunoglobulin heavy chain joining region] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ig-hcie.htm Immunoglobulin heavy chain intron enhancer]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igkappa.htm Immunoglobulin kappa chain] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igk-intr.htm Immunoglobulin kappa chain intron enhancer]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igmu.htm Immunoglobulin mu chain] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/inhibin.htm Inhibin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/inos.htm Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/int-1.htm int-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/int-2.htm int-2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/insulin.htm Insulin (Ins1, Ins2)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igf-1.htm Insulin-like growth factor I (Igf-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igf-1rec.htm Insulin-like growth factor I receptor (Igf1r))]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igfii.htm Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/igf2rec.htm Insulin-like growth factor type 2 (Igf2) receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/irs-1.htm Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/iap.htm Integrin-associated protein (IAP)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/interfer.htm Interferon consensus sequence binding protein]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/irf-1.htm Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/irf2.htm Interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF-2)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ilk-2.htm Interleukin-2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il-6.htm">Interleukin-6 (IL-6)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il-7.htm Interleukin-7]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/interleu.htm Interleukin-7 receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/il11ra.htm Interleukin-11 receptor (IL11RA)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ixfactor.htm IX factor]


Harrison MM1, Jenkins BV2, O'Connor-Giles KM3, Wildonger J4.


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/jnk3.htm Jnk3]
Abstract


The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas9 (CRISPR-associated nuclease 9) system is poised to transform developmental biology by providing a simple, efficient method to precisely manipulate the genome of virtually any developing organism. This RNA-guided nuclease (RGN)-based approach already has been effectively used to induce targeted mutations in multiple genes simultaneously, create conditional alleles, and generate endogenously tagged proteins. Illustrating the adaptability of RGNs, the genomes of >20 different plant and animal species as well as multiple cell lines and primary cells have been successfully modified. Here we review the current and potential uses of RGNs to investigate genome function during development.
© 2014 Harrison et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
KEYWORDS:
CRISPR; Cas9; RNA-guided nuclease; development; genome editing; genome engineering
PMID 25184674


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/keratin8.htm Keratin 8]
==2013==
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/keratin1.htm Keratin 10]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/kgf.htm Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/k-ras.htm K-ras]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/krox-20.htm Krox-20]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ku70.htm Ku70]


===The Genomic HyperBrowser: an analysis web server for genome-scale data===


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/l14lectn.htm L14 S-type lectin]
Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Apr 30. [Epub ahead of print]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lag3.htm Lag3]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lama2.htm Lama2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lck.htm Lck]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lecithin.htm Lecithin: cholestorel acyltransferase (LCAT)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lif.htm LIF]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/l-isoasp.htm L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.77)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ldlrec.htm Low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lrp.htm LDL Receptor-Related Protein]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/l-select.htm L-selectin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lymphtxn.htm Lymphotoxin] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/lyn.htm Lyn]  


Sandve GK, Gundersen S, Johansen M, Glad IK, Gunathasan K, Holden L, Holden M, Liestøl K, Nygård S, Nygaard V, Paulsen J, Rydbeck H, Trengereid K, Clancy T, Drabløs F, Ferkingstad E, Kalas M, Lien T, Rye MB, Frigessi A, Hovig E.
Source
Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1080, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway, Institute for Medical Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1053, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway, Statistics For Innovation, Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway, Computational Biology Unit, Uni Computing, Uni Research AS, 5020 Bergen, Norway and Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1122 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
The immense increase in availability of genomic scale datasets, such as those provided by the ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics projects, presents unprecedented opportunities for individual researchers to pose novel falsifiable biological questions. With this opportunity, however, researchers are faced with the challenge of how to best analyze and interpret their genome-scale datasets. A powerful way of representing genome-scale data is as feature-specific coordinates relative to reference genome assemblies, i.e. as genomic tracks. The Genomic HyperBrowser (http://hyperbrowser.uio.no) is an open-ended web server for the analysis of genomic track data. Through the provision of several highly customizable components for processing and statistical analysis of genomic tracks, the HyperBrowser opens for a range of genomic investigations, related to, e.g., gene regulation, disease association or epigenetic modifications of the genome.
PMID 23632163


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mash-1.htm Mammalian achaete-scute homolog 1 (Mash-1)]
===Galaxy===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/man6phos.htm Mannose 6-phosphate receptor]
Galaxy is an open, web-based platform for data intensive biomedical research. Whether on this free public server or your own instance, you can perform, reproduce, and share complete analyses.  
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mdr2.htm mdr2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mdrlapgp.htm mdrla P-glycoprotein]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/melanoco.htm Melanocortin-4 receptor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mt-1and2.htm Metallothionein I and II (MT I and MT II)] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mgat-1.htm Mgat-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mglur1.htm mGluR1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mglur2.htm mGluR2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mglur6.htm mGluR6]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mhc1and2.htm MHC class I and MHC class II] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mhci.htm MHC class I] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mhcii.htm MHC class II] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mhc2inva.htm MHC class II invariant chain]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mkk4.htm MKK4]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mlh1.htm MLH1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mlp.htm MLP]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/muchain.htm Mu chain]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/muopioid.htm Mu-opioid receptor] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/mis.htm Mullerian-inhibiting substance (MIS)] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/m-ck.htm Muscle creatine kinase (M-CK)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/myf5myod.htm Myf-5 and MyoD]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/myogenin.htm Myogenin]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/n-cadher.htm N-cadherin]
https://main.g2.bx.psu.edu
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/n-cam.htm Neural-cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ncxhox11.htm Ncx/Hox 11L.1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nnos.htm Neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/npy.htm Neuropeptide Y (NPY)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/neureg.htm Neuregulin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/neurtrph.htm Neurotrophin-3 (NT3)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nt4.htm Neurotrophin-4 (NT4)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/neutrale.htm Nuetral Endopeptidase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nf1.htm Nf1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nfat1.htm NFAT1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nfkappab.htm NF-kappaB2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ngf.htm NGF]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ngfi-a.htm NGFI-A (Egr-1)(Krox-24)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/nmdarec1.htm NMDA receptor 1 (NMDAR1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/n-myc.htm N-myc]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/oxytocin.htm Oxytocin]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p21.htm p21 CIP1/WAF1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p27kip1.htm p27kip1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p53.htm p53] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p561cd45.htm p561ck and CD45]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p75ntr.htm P75NTR] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pdeg.htm PDE gamma]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/dsg3.htm Pemphigus vulgaris antigen (desmoglein 3; dsg3)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/perforin.htm Perforin] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/perfofas.htm Perforin and Fas]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pm22.htm Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PM22)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/phosphat.htm Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pkcbeta.htm PKC beta]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pkcgamma.htm PKCgamma]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pkd1.htm Pkd1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pa.htm Plasminogen activator (PA) ]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pai-1.htm Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pdgf.htm Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/plp.htm Plp]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/po.htm PO]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/poly(adp.htm Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/polycomb.htm Polycomb-M33]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/presenli.htm Presenlin-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/p-enkeph.htm Pre-proenkephalin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pr.htm Progesterone receptor (PR)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/protlmp7.htm Proteasome subunit LMP-7]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/prp.htm PrP]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pselectn.htm P selectin] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/selecti.htm P and E selectins]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pselicam.htm P selectin and Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/pxr1.htm Pxr1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/riialpha.htm R II alpha]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/riibeta.htm RII beta subunit of Protein Kinase A]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rad51.htm Rad51] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rag2.htm rag-2] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rb-1.htm Rb-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/raralpha.htm Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha)]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/relb.htm RelB]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/renin.htm Renin Ren-1d]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rhodopsi.htm Rhodopsin]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rodcgmp.htm Rod cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma subunit]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/rxralpha.htm RXR alpha]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/selenocy.htm Selenocysteine tRNA gene (Trsp)] -
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/semaphor.htm Semaphorin III/D]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/smn.htm SMN]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/spb.htm SP-B]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/sp1.htm Sp1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/stat1.htm Stat 1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/stat5a.htm STAT5A]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/srebp-1.htm SREBP-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/synapsin.htm Synapsin I]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tap1.htm  TAP1]
==NCBI Bookshelf==
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tensin.htm Tensin]
http://www.addgene.org/ Plasmid Repository
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tcrab.htm TCR-alpha-beta] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tcrdelta.htm TCR delta]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tcr-zeta.htm T cell receptor zeta chain]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tdt.htm TdT]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tenascin.htm Tenascin C]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tghalpha.htm TGF-alpha] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tgfbeta1.htm TGF-beta 1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tgfbeta2.htm TGFbeta2]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/timp-1.htm TIMP-1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tf.htm Tissue factor (TF)] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tnfrec.htm TNF receptor I] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tpa.htm t-PA] 
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tpo.htm TPO]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/transthy.htm Transthyretin]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/trkb.htm trkB]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tumornec.htm Tumor necrosis factor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/tyrosine.htm Tyrosine Phosphatase]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/upa.htm u-PA]
===Genetics for Surgeons===
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/uricase.htm Urate oxidase]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/ve-cadhe.htm Vascular/endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin)]
Remedica Genetics Series
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/vav.htm vav]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/vcam1.htm VCAM1]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/v(h)81x.htm V (H) 81X]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/vhl.htm VHL]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/vimentin.htm Vimentin]


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/wt-1.htm WT-1]
Patrick J Morrison, MD, FRCPCH, FFPHMI and Roy AJ Spence, OBE, MA, MD, FRCS.


* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/xpa.htm XPA]
University of Ulster, Queen's University Belfast and Belfast City Hospital Trust
* [http://www.bioscience.org/knockout/xpc.htm XPC]
London: Remedica; 2005.
ISBN-10: 1-901-34669-2
Copyright © 2005, Remedica.
 
Excerpt
 
This text is written in non technical language in three main sections: a general overview of the principles in genetics, a section on common genetic disorders that surgeons will encounter, a third section on familial cancers, which, in the case of breast, bowel, and ovarian cancers, account for around 10% of the cancers that surgeons encounter. A fourth section deals with the topics that surgeons and anesthetists should both know, while the glossary at the end of the book allows a quick reference to increasingly common genetics terms.

Latest revision as of 11:46, 28 July 2017

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2026, August 17) Embryology Molecular Development - Genetics. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Molecular_Development_-_Genetics

10 Most Recent

Note - This sub-heading shows an automated computer PubMed search using the listed sub-heading term. References appear in this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. Therefore the list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. In comparison, references listed on the content page and discussion page (under the publication year sub-headings) do include editorial selection based upon relevance and availability. (More? Pubmed Most Recent)


Molecular Development

<pubmed limit=5>Molecular Genetic Development</pubmed>

Genetic Development

<pubmed limit=5>Genetic Development</pubmed>

2017

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human zygotes using Cas9 protein

Mol Genet Genomics. 2017 Jun;292(3):525-533. doi: 10.1007/s00438-017-1299-z. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

Tang L1,2, Zeng Y3, Du H3, Gong M4, Peng J4, Zhang B4, Lei M3, Zhao F5, Wang W6, Li X7, Liu J8.

Abstract Previous works using human tripronuclear zygotes suggested that the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system could be a tool in correcting disease-causing mutations. However, whether this system was applicable in normal human (dual pronuclear, 2PN) zygotes was unclear. Here we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 is also effective as a gene-editing tool in human 2PN zygotes. By injection of Cas9 protein complexed with the appropriate sgRNAs and homology donors into one-cell human embryos, we demonstrated efficient homologous recombination-mediated correction of point mutations in HBB and G6PD. However, our results also reveal limitations of this correction procedure and highlight the need for further research. KEYWORDS: CRISPR/Cas9; Cas9 protein; Gene modification; Homology-directed repair (HDR); Human zygotes PMID 28251317 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-017-1299-z

2015

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes

Protein Cell. 2015 May;6(5):363-372. doi: 10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5. Epub 2015 Apr 18.

Liang P#1, Xu Y#1, Zhang X#1, Ding C#1, Huang R1, Zhang Z1, Lv J1, Xie X1, Chen Y1, Li Y1, Sun Y1, Bai Y1, Songyang Z1, Ma W1, Zhou C1, Huang J1. Author information Abstract Genome editing tools such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated system (Cas) have been widely used to modify genes in model systems including animal zygotes and human cells, and hold tremendous promise for both basic research and clinical applications. To date, a serious knowledge gap remains in our understanding of DNA repair mechanisms in human early embryos, and in the efficiency and potential off-target effects of using technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 in human pre-implantation embryos. In this report, we used tripronuclear (3PN) zygotes to further investigate CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human cells. We found that CRISPR/Cas9 could effectively cleave the endogenous β-globin gene (HBB). However, the efficiency of homologous recombination directed repair (HDR) of HBB was low and the edited embryos were mosaic. Off-target cleavage was also apparent in these 3PN zygotes as revealed by the T7E1 assay and whole-exome sequencing. Furthermore, the endogenous delta-globin gene (HBD), which is homologous to HBB, competed with exogenous donor oligos to act as the repair template, leading to untoward mutations. Our data also indicated that repair of the HBB locus in these embryos occurred preferentially through the non-crossover HDR pathway. Taken together, our work highlights the pressing need to further improve the fidelity and specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 platform, a prerequisite for any clinical applications of CRSIPR/Cas9-mediated editing. Comment in Gene Editing and Germ-line Intervention: The Need for Novel Responses to Novel Technologies. [Mol Ther. 2015] The Genie Is Out of the Bottle. [IEEE Pulse. 2015] UK bioethicists eye designer babies and CRISPR cows. [Nature. 2016] PMID: 25894090 PMCID: PMC4417674 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5

2014

A CRISPR view of development

Genes Dev. 2014 Sep 1;28(17):1859-72. doi: 10.1101/gad.248252.114.

Harrison MM1, Jenkins BV2, O'Connor-Giles KM3, Wildonger J4.

Abstract

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas9 (CRISPR-associated nuclease 9) system is poised to transform developmental biology by providing a simple, efficient method to precisely manipulate the genome of virtually any developing organism. This RNA-guided nuclease (RGN)-based approach already has been effectively used to induce targeted mutations in multiple genes simultaneously, create conditional alleles, and generate endogenously tagged proteins. Illustrating the adaptability of RGNs, the genomes of >20 different plant and animal species as well as multiple cell lines and primary cells have been successfully modified. Here we review the current and potential uses of RGNs to investigate genome function during development. © 2014 Harrison et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. KEYWORDS: CRISPR; Cas9; RNA-guided nuclease; development; genome editing; genome engineering PMID 25184674

2013

The Genomic HyperBrowser: an analysis web server for genome-scale data

Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Apr 30. [Epub ahead of print]

Sandve GK, Gundersen S, Johansen M, Glad IK, Gunathasan K, Holden L, Holden M, Liestøl K, Nygård S, Nygaard V, Paulsen J, Rydbeck H, Trengereid K, Clancy T, Drabløs F, Ferkingstad E, Kalas M, Lien T, Rye MB, Frigessi A, Hovig E. Source Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1080, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway, Institute for Medical Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1053, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway, Statistics For Innovation, Norwegian Computing Center, 0314 Oslo, Norway, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway, Computational Biology Unit, Uni Computing, Uni Research AS, 5020 Bergen, Norway and Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1122 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway. Abstract The immense increase in availability of genomic scale datasets, such as those provided by the ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics projects, presents unprecedented opportunities for individual researchers to pose novel falsifiable biological questions. With this opportunity, however, researchers are faced with the challenge of how to best analyze and interpret their genome-scale datasets. A powerful way of representing genome-scale data is as feature-specific coordinates relative to reference genome assemblies, i.e. as genomic tracks. The Genomic HyperBrowser (http://hyperbrowser.uio.no) is an open-ended web server for the analysis of genomic track data. Through the provision of several highly customizable components for processing and statistical analysis of genomic tracks, the HyperBrowser opens for a range of genomic investigations, related to, e.g., gene regulation, disease association or epigenetic modifications of the genome. PMID 23632163

Galaxy

Galaxy is an open, web-based platform for data intensive biomedical research. Whether on this free public server or your own instance, you can perform, reproduce, and share complete analyses.

https://main.g2.bx.psu.edu



NCBI Bookshelf

http://www.addgene.org/ Plasmid Repository

Genetics for Surgeons

Remedica Genetics Series

Patrick J Morrison, MD, FRCPCH, FFPHMI and Roy AJ Spence, OBE, MA, MD, FRCS.

University of Ulster, Queen's University Belfast and Belfast City Hospital Trust London: Remedica; 2005. ISBN-10: 1-901-34669-2 Copyright © 2005, Remedica.

Excerpt

This text is written in non technical language in three main sections: a general overview of the principles in genetics, a section on common genetic disorders that surgeons will encounter, a third section on familial cancers, which, in the case of breast, bowel, and ovarian cancers, account for around 10% of the cancers that surgeons encounter. A fourth section deals with the topics that surgeons and anesthetists should both know, while the glossary at the end of the book allows a quick reference to increasingly common genetics terms.

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