File:Nephron histology.jpg: Difference between revisions
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* then turning and running back towards the cortex (ascending) | * then turning and running back towards the cortex (ascending) | ||
The '''glomerulus''' ( | The '''glomerulus''' (renal corpuscle) in humans is the round (~0.2 mm in diameter) blind beginning of the nephron. It is invaginated by a tuft of capillaries at the vascular pole of the glomerulus. The tuft of capillaries and other cells in contact with them form the anatomical glomerulus. Substances which leave the capillaries enter the renal tubule at the urinary pole of the glomerulus. | ||
The anatomical glomerulus is enclosed by two layers of epithelium, Bowman's capsule. | The anatomical glomerulus is enclosed by two layers of epithelium, Bowman's capsule. | ||
# Cells of the outer or parietal layer of Bowman's capsule form a simple squamous epithelium. | # Cells of the outer or parietal layer of Bowman's capsule form a simple squamous epithelium. | ||
# Cells of the inner layer, podocytes in the visceral layer, are extremely complex in shape. Small foot-like processes | # Cells of the inner layer, podocytes in the visceral layer, are extremely complex in shape. Small foot-like processes (pedicles) of their cytoplasm form a fenestrated epithelium around the fenestrated capillaries of the glomerulus. The openings between the pedicles are called filtration slits. They are spanned by a thin membrane, the filtration slit membrane. | ||
Between the podocytes and the endothelial cells of the capillaries lies a comparatively thick basal lamina, which can be subdivided into an outer lamina rara externa, a middle lamina densa and an inner lamina rara interna. The basal lamina and the slit membranes form the glomerular filtration barrier, which prevents some large molecules from entering the capsular space between the outer and inner epithelial layers of Bowman's capsule. | |||
* Mesangial cells in the glomerulus form the connective tissue that gives structural support to podocytes and vessels. | * Mesangial cells in the glomerulus form the connective tissue that gives structural support to podocytes and vessels. |
Revision as of 08:51, 19 June 2013
Nephron Histology Overview
The tubular system can be divided into proximal and distal tubules, which in turn have convoluted and straight portions. The tubules form the loop of Henle.
- Intermediate tubules connect the proximal and distal tubules.
- Running from the cortex of the kidney towards the medulla (descending)
- then turning and running back towards the cortex (ascending)
The glomerulus (renal corpuscle) in humans is the round (~0.2 mm in diameter) blind beginning of the nephron. It is invaginated by a tuft of capillaries at the vascular pole of the glomerulus. The tuft of capillaries and other cells in contact with them form the anatomical glomerulus. Substances which leave the capillaries enter the renal tubule at the urinary pole of the glomerulus.
The anatomical glomerulus is enclosed by two layers of epithelium, Bowman's capsule.
- Cells of the outer or parietal layer of Bowman's capsule form a simple squamous epithelium.
- Cells of the inner layer, podocytes in the visceral layer, are extremely complex in shape. Small foot-like processes (pedicles) of their cytoplasm form a fenestrated epithelium around the fenestrated capillaries of the glomerulus. The openings between the pedicles are called filtration slits. They are spanned by a thin membrane, the filtration slit membrane.
Between the podocytes and the endothelial cells of the capillaries lies a comparatively thick basal lamina, which can be subdivided into an outer lamina rara externa, a middle lamina densa and an inner lamina rara interna. The basal lamina and the slit membranes form the glomerular filtration barrier, which prevents some large molecules from entering the capsular space between the outer and inner epithelial layers of Bowman's capsule.
- Mesangial cells in the glomerulus form the connective tissue that gives structural support to podocytes and vessels.
- Blood pressure is the driving force in the formation of about 125 ml of glomerular filtrate per minute.
- About 124 ml of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in the tubules of the nephron.
- Renal System Histology: Nephron tubule overview | glomerulus structure | vascular and renal poles | Medullary rays | Nephron tubules
Links: Histology | Histology Stains | Blue Histology images copyright Lutz Slomianka 1998-2009. The literary and artistic works on the original Blue Histology website may be reproduced, adapted, published and distributed for non-commercial purposes. See also the page Histology Stains.
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 16) Embryology Nephron histology.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Nephron_histology.jpg
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
(Image and text source: UWA Blue Histology)
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- 2009 Lecture 15
- 2010 Lecture 15
- ANAT2241 Urinary System
- ANAT2341 Lab 11 - Third Trimester
- ANAT2511 Urinary System
- BGDA Practical 12 - Third Trimester
- BGDB Sexual Differentiation - Fetal
- Foundations - Histology Epithelia and Skin
- Histology
- Lecture - Fetal Development
- Lecture - Renal Development
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Trainees - Renal
- Renal System Development
- Renal System Histology