Template:Endocrine terms: Difference between revisions
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* ''' | * '''adenohypophysis''' - (anterior pituitary, pars distalis) anterior part of {{pituitary}} embryonic development from surface {{ectoderm}} adenohypophyseal placode. Placode folds inward on the roof of the pharynx forming a transient structure Rathke's pouch. | ||
* ''' | * '''adrenocorticotropin''' - (ACTH or corticotropin) anterior {{pituitary}}, peptide hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroid hormones — primarily cortisol — as well as small amounts of female and male sex hormones. | ||
* '''atrial natriuretic | * '''antidiuretic hormone''' - (ADH) {{hypothalamus}}, peptide hormone {{renal}} | ||
* '''atrial natriuretic peptide''' - (ANP) {{heart}}, peptide hormone regulates blood pressure. A study suggests that its activating enzyme corin, and ANP together, have a role in placentation, by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodelling. (PMID 22437503) | |||
* '''basophil cell''' - {{pituitary}} named by histological staining (deep blue, purple) different types produce different hormones: corticotrophs (ACTH, CRH), gonadotrophs (FSH, LH, GnRH), and thyrotrophs (TSH, TRH). See acidophil and chromophore cells. | |||
* '''calcitonin''' - (CT) C cells of thyroid, peptide hormone {{thyroid}} | * '''calcitonin''' - (CT) C cells of thyroid, peptide hormone {{thyroid}} | ||
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* '''corticosteroid binding globulin''' - (CBG) binds and transports glucocorticoids in the plasma. Globin is synthesised in the liver. {{adrenal}} | * '''corticosteroid binding globulin''' - (CBG) binds and transports glucocorticoids in the plasma. Globin is synthesised in the liver. {{adrenal}} | ||
* '''follicle stimulating hormone''' - (FSH) | * '''follicle stimulating hormone''' - (FSH) {{pituitary}} glycoprotein hormone secreted by gonadotrophs (basophilic cell subgroup) acts on gametogenesis and other systems in both males and females. Females, acts on the {{ovary}} to stimulate follicle development. Negative feedback by inhibin from the developing follicle decreases FSH secretion. Males, acts on the {{testis}} Sertoli cells to increase androgen-binding protein (ABP) that binds androgens and has a role in spermatogenesis. | ||
* '''growth hormone''' - ( | |||
* '''growth hormone''' - (GH) {{pituitary}}, peptide hormone that stimulates tissue and skeletal growth. In the ovary, growth hormone also increases granulosa cell FSH-dependent E2 production. | |||
* '''growth hormone releasing hormone''' - (GHRH) {{hypothalamus}}, protein that activates growth hormone synthesis and release from the anterior {{pituitary}}. | |||
* '''human chorionic gonadotropin''' - ({{hCG}}) glycoprotein hormone with 2 subunits (alpha and beta joined non covalently). Similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents (regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglycosylated hCG). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19171054 PMID 19171054] | * '''human chorionic gonadotropin''' - ({{hCG}}) glycoprotein hormone with 2 subunits (alpha and beta joined non covalently). Similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents (regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglycosylated hCG). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19171054 PMID 19171054] | ||
* '''lutenizing hormone''' - (LH) pituitary, | * '''interstitial cell''' - (Leydig cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, required for fetal male genital tract differentiation and masculinisation after puberty. | ||
* '''Leydig cell''' - (interstitial cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, beginning in the fetus. These cells are named after Franz von Leydig (1821 - 1908) a German scientist who histologically described these cells. | |||
* '''lutenizing hormone''' - (LH, gonadotropin, lutropin, Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone, ICSH) {{pituitary}}, glycoprotein hormone acts on the gonad and has a role in male and female reproduction. Female, increase in concentration during the {{menstrual cycle}} triggers ovulation. Male, stimulates testis interstital cell production of testosterone. Gonadotrophins have been used clinically in humans for the treatment of female infertility. | |||
* '''melaocyte stimulating hormone''' - (MSH) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}} | * '''melaocyte stimulating hormone''' - (MSH) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}} | ||
* '''melatonin''' - {{pineal}} hormone involved with the diurnal cycle, melatoinin levels are high in dark, low in daylight. | |||
* '''prolactin''' - (PRL) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}} | * '''prolactin''' - (PRL) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}} |
Revision as of 11:51, 19 May 2018
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