Template:Endocrine terms: Difference between revisions

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* '''adrenocorticotropin''' - (ACTH  or corticotropin) anterior pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''adenohypophysis''' - (anterior pituitary, pars distalis) anterior part of {{pituitary}} embryonic development from surface {{ectoderm}} adenohypophyseal placode. Placode folds inward on the roof of the pharynx forming a transient structure Rathke's pouch.


* '''antidiuretic hormone''' - (ADH) hypothalamus, peptide hormone {{renal}}
* '''adrenocorticotropin''' - (ACTH  or corticotropin) anterior {{pituitary}}, peptide hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroid hormones — primarily cortisol — as well as small amounts of female and male sex hormones.


* '''atrial natriuretic factor''' - (ANP) heart, , peptide hormone {{heart}}
* '''antidiuretic hormone''' - (ADH) {{hypothalamus}}, peptide hormone {{renal}}
 
* '''atrial natriuretic peptide''' - (ANP) {{heart}}, peptide hormone regulates blood pressure. A study suggests that its activating enzyme corin, and ANP together, have a role in placentation, by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodelling. (PMID 22437503)
 
* '''basophil cell''' - {{pituitary}} named by histological staining (deep blue, purple) different types produce different hormones: corticotrophs (ACTH, CRH), gonadotrophs (FSH, LH, GnRH), and thyrotrophs (TSH, TRH). See acidophil and chromophore cells.


* '''calcitonin''' - (CT) C cells of thyroid, peptide hormone {{thyroid}}
* '''calcitonin''' - (CT) C cells of thyroid, peptide hormone {{thyroid}}
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* '''corticosteroid binding globulin''' - (CBG) binds and transports glucocorticoids in the plasma. Globin is synthesised in the liver. {{adrenal}}
* '''corticosteroid binding globulin''' - (CBG) binds and transports glucocorticoids in the plasma. Globin is synthesised in the liver. {{adrenal}}


* '''follicle stimulating hormone''' - (FSH) pituitary, protein hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''follicle stimulating hormone''' - (FSH) {{pituitary}} glycoprotein hormone secreted by gonadotrophs (basophilic cell subgroup) acts on gametogenesis and other systems in both males and females. Females, acts on the {{ovary}} to stimulate follicle development. Negative feedback by inhibin from the developing follicle decreases FSH secretion. Males, acts on the {{testis}} Sertoli cells to increase androgen-binding protein (ABP) that binds androgens and has a role in spermatogenesis.
* '''growth hormone''' - (GH) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}
 
* '''growth hormone''' - (GH) {{pituitary}}, peptide hormone that stimulates tissue and skeletal growth. In the ovary, growth hormone also increases granulosa cell FSH-dependent E2 production.
 
* '''growth hormone releasing hormone''' - (GHRH) {{hypothalamus}}, protein that activates growth hormone synthesis and release from the anterior {{pituitary}}.


* '''human chorionic gonadotropin''' -  ({{hCG}}) glycoprotein hormone with 2 subunits (alpha and beta joined non covalently). Similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents (regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglycosylated hCG). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19171054 PMID  19171054]
* '''human chorionic gonadotropin''' -  ({{hCG}}) glycoprotein hormone with 2 subunits (alpha and beta joined non covalently). Similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents (regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglycosylated hCG). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19171054 PMID  19171054]


* '''lutenizing hormone''' - (LH) pituitary, protein hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''interstitial cell''' - (Leydig cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, required for fetal male genital tract differentiation and masculinisation after puberty.
 
* '''Leydig cell''' - (interstitial cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, beginning in the fetus. These cells are named after Franz von Leydig (1821 - 1908) a German scientist who histologically described these cells.
 
* '''lutenizing hormone''' - (LH, gonadotropin, lutropin, Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone, ICSH) {{pituitary}}, glycoprotein hormone acts on the gonad and has a role in male and female reproduction. Female, increase in concentration during the {{menstrual cycle}} triggers ovulation. Male, stimulates testis interstital cell production of testosterone. Gonadotrophins have been used clinically in humans for the treatment of female infertility.


* '''melaocyte stimulating hormone''' - (MSH) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''melaocyte stimulating hormone''' - (MSH) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''melatonin''' - {{pineal}} hormone involved with the diurnal cycle, melatoinin levels are high in dark, low in daylight.


* '''prolactin''' - (PRL) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}
* '''prolactin''' - (PRL) pituitary, peptide hormone {{pituitary}}

Revision as of 11:51, 19 May 2018

Endocrine Terms (expand to view) 
  • adenohypophysis - (anterior pituitary, pars distalis) anterior part of pituitary embryonic development from surface ectoderm adenohypophyseal placode. Placode folds inward on the roof of the pharynx forming a transient structure Rathke's pouch.
  • adrenocorticotropin - (ACTH or corticotropin) anterior pituitary, peptide hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroid hormones — primarily cortisol — as well as small amounts of female and male sex hormones.
  • atrial natriuretic peptide - (ANP) heart, peptide hormone regulates blood pressure. A study suggests that its activating enzyme corin, and ANP together, have a role in placentation, by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodelling. (PMID 22437503)
  • basophil cell - pituitary named by histological staining (deep blue, purple) different types produce different hormones: corticotrophs (ACTH, CRH), gonadotrophs (FSH, LH, GnRH), and thyrotrophs (TSH, TRH). See acidophil and chromophore cells.
  • calcitonin - (CT) C cells of thyroid, peptide hormone thyroid
  • corticosteroid binding globulin - (CBG) binds and transports glucocorticoids in the plasma. Globin is synthesised in the liver. adrenal
  • follicle stimulating hormone - (FSH) pituitary glycoprotein hormone secreted by gonadotrophs (basophilic cell subgroup) acts on gametogenesis and other systems in both males and females. Females, acts on the ovary to stimulate follicle development. Negative feedback by inhibin from the developing follicle decreases FSH secretion. Males, acts on the testis Sertoli cells to increase androgen-binding protein (ABP) that binds androgens and has a role in spermatogenesis.
  • growth hormone - (GH) pituitary, peptide hormone that stimulates tissue and skeletal growth. In the ovary, growth hormone also increases granulosa cell FSH-dependent E2 production.
  • growth hormone releasing hormone - (GHRH) hypothalamus‎, protein that activates growth hormone synthesis and release from the anterior pituitary.
  • human chorionic gonadotropin - (hCG) glycoprotein hormone with 2 subunits (alpha and beta joined non covalently). Similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents (regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglycosylated hCG). PMID 19171054
  • interstitial cell - (Leydig cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, required for fetal male genital tract differentiation and masculinisation after puberty.
  • Leydig cell - (interstitial cell) Male testis cell secrete the androgen testosterone, beginning in the fetus. These cells are named after Franz von Leydig (1821 - 1908) a German scientist who histologically described these cells.
  • lutenizing hormone - (LH, gonadotropin, lutropin, Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone, ICSH) pituitary, glycoprotein hormone acts on the gonad and has a role in male and female reproduction. Female, increase in concentration during the menstrual cycle triggers ovulation. Male, stimulates testis interstital cell production of testosterone. Gonadotrophins have been used clinically in humans for the treatment of female infertility.
  • melaocyte stimulating hormone - (MSH) pituitary, peptide hormone pituitary
  • melatonin - pineal hormone involved with the diurnal cycle, melatoinin levels are high in dark, low in daylight.
  • prolactin - (PRL) pituitary, peptide hormone pituitary
  • parathyroid hormone - (PTH) parathyroid, peptide hormone parathyroid
  • thyroid hormone - (TH) thyroid,amino acid derivative thyroid
  • thyroid stimulating hormone - (TSH) pituitary, protein hormone pituitary
Other Terms Lists  
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