Talk:Implantation

Temporal and spatial expression of muc1 during implantation in sows

Int J Mol Sci. 2010 May 27;11(6):2322-35.

Ren Q, Guan S, Fu J, Wang A.

College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: qianer0101@gmail.com (Q.R.); guanshu8@gmail.com (S.G.). Abstract Recent evidence points to an important role for Muc1 in embryo implantation. In this study, Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to study mRNA and protein levels at, and between, the attachment sites of the endometrium of Day 13, 18 and 24 pregnant sows. The results indicate that Muc1 mRNA expression was higher between attachment sites than at attachment sites during implantation and this effect was significant on Day 13 (P < 0.01) and 24 (P < 0.01). Intense Muc1 immunostaining was observed in luminal epithelium and stroma and the staining between attachment sites was stronger than at attachment sites on Days 13 and 18. Collectively, these results suggest the crucial role of Muc1 in successful implantation and embryo survival.

• Porcine embryos begin to attach to the uterus on Days 13–14 of pregnancy

PMID: 20640155

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2904919/?tool=pubmed

Endometrial pinopodes indicate a shift in the window of receptivity in IVF cycles

Pinopodes are small, finger-like protrusions from the endometrium.

http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/3/787.short

The formation of endometrial pinopodes detected by scanning electron microscopy may be a specific marker for uterine receptivity. Aiming to assess the effects of ovarian stimulation on pinopode formation, we examined sequential endometrial biopsies from 17 oocyte donors. Seven normally menstruating women served as controls. Up to four samples were taken from each woman at 24–72 h intervals between days 14 and 24, giving a total of 69 samples. The day of oocyte retrieval was designated day 14 in ovarian stimulation cycles and the day of luteinizing hormone surge was designated day 13 in natural cycles. Endometrial morphology and pinopode numbers were similar in both groups. Fully developed pinopodes appeared in only one sample per cycle, indicating their short life span. However, the cycle day these structures appeared varied up to 5 days between women and the distribution was as follows: day 18 (n=2), day 19 (n=7), day 20 (n=4), day 21 (n=3), day 22 (n=1) in ovarian stimulation cycles, and day 20 (n=2), day 21 (n=2), day 22 (n=3) in natural cycles. Furthermore, accelerated pinopode formation in ovarian stimulation cycles was positively correlated with day 13 progesterone. Our findings show that ovarian stimulation does not affect endometrial pinopode formation in terms of quantity and life span. The cycle days when pinopodes form are specific to the individual, being on average 1–2 days earlier in ovarian stimulation than in natural cycles. These changes in pinopode expression may reflect shifts in the window of receptivity, resulting in ovo-endometrial asynchrony and limiting implantation success in in-vitro fertilization.

Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS) 1 involvement in embryonic implantation

The HOXA10 homeobox gene controls embryonic uterine development and adult endometrial receptivity. The three-amino-acid loop extension (TALE) family homeobox genes like myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS) provide enhanced target gene activation and specificity in HOX-regulated cellular processes by acting as HOX cofactors.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18408019

Scanning EM http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/6/1394/F6.expansion

Embryo-induced alterations in the molecular phenotype of primate endometrium

J Reprod Immunol. 2009 Dec;83(1-2):65-71. Epub 2009 Oct 31.

Nimbkar-Joshi S, Rosario G, Katkam RR, Manjramkar DD, Metkari SM, Puri CP, Sachdeva G.

Primate Biology Division, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19880195

endometrial expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), as well as expression of immunosuppressive factors such as transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFbeta2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and placental protein-14 (PP-14), even before the embryo starts invading the endometrium.

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